Introductory Note

Even after nearly fourteen and a half centuries, the Qur’an remains before us completely unchanged and unaltered. The same can be said with complete certainty regarding the Hadith. Numerous attempts have been made to distort the Hadith. However, in exchange for extraordinary effort, sincerity, dedication, and sacrifice, the Ummah of Muhammad has been able to select and preserve the true, authentic, and accurate Hadith. Apart from the Ummah of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, no other prophet’s community has attempted with such devotion to preserve accurately the entire way of life, sayings, activities, actions, every moment’s movements, every step, and every decision of its prophet.

Hadith began to be written during the lifetime of the Holy Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. Within two or three centuries of his passing, all the Hadith had been verified and accurately recorded. At first, the Tabi‘in and the Tabi‘ al-Tabi‘in began recording Hadith in separate books arranged by subject. These were called Jami‘ and Sunan. In this way, many foundational Hadith books were compiled. Then a group of Muhaddithun came forward. Some arranged the Hadith according to the names of the Companions, placing the Hadith narrated by each Companion in a separate chapter. Others arranged them according to the names of their teachers, that is, the final narrators. Another group recorded the Hadith on each subject in separate sections. These were respectively called Musnad, Mu‘jam, and Risalah. All of these are foundational Hadith books. Thereafter, a group of Muhaddithun devoted themselves to compiling subject-based Hadith from various reliable Hadith books. Among these compilations, Imam al-Nawawi’s Riyad al-Salihin holds an exceptionally distinguished position.

Features of Riyad al-Salihin

Imam al-Nawawi compiled this book through long years of effort and research. He extracted these Hadith from several reliable early Hadith works, including the Sihah Sittah. There is no kind of da‘if Hadith in Riyad al-Salihin. At the beginning of each section dealing with a particular subject, various Qur’anic verses related to that subject are first included; then the authoritative Hadith concerning it are quoted. At the end of each Hadith, its degree of reliability is described, along with some explanation of the Hadith.

The remarkable Hadith related to the everyday matters of our lives have been incorporated here in such a magical manner that, as soon as an attentive reader studies them, they create a profound stir in the deepest regions of his mind, and no interested reader can remain unaffected by them.

The presentation of Qur’anic verses at the beginning of each chapter, followed by Hadith related to the subject, shows how profound the relationship is between the Qur’an and the Hadith. It is clearly demonstrated here that the Hadith is an explanation of the Qur’an itself. It is not possible to understand the correct meaning of the Qur’an without the help of the Hadith, and the practical method of implementing the Qur’an’s fundamental injunctions is set out in the Hadith. By arranging the Hadith immediately after the Qur’anic verses, the author has clearly highlighted this matter. This is a notable feature of this book.

In this book, Imam al-Nawawi has included 423 Qur’anic verses and 1,903 Hadith. He demonstrated remarkable distinction in selecting the subject matter. He included Hadith dealing with such subjects that everyone, from the ordinary and less-educated reader to the highly educated person, can benefit from equally. Here he brought together everything from the formation of moral character to all aspects of the outward framework of Muslim and believing life, the correct direction and proper performance of all its acts and practices, and the purification of the heart and refinement of the mind. After studying this book, a reader will easily understand how it cultivates and nourishes a person’s human faculties. One of the principal features of this Hadith compilation is the detailed presentation of all the worship and devotion of a believer and his relationship with Allah, subtly indicated in the Hadith of Jibril concerning intention. For example, muraqabah, mujahadah, muhasabah, tawbah, tawakkul, ikhlas, silah, kindness to parents, good relations with near relatives, taqwa, reflection and contemplation concerning Allah, hope and aspiration regarding faith, and so forth have been clearly presented in separate sections. Therefore, according to eminent scholars, among Imam al-Nawawi’s finest works, Riyad al-Salihin ranks immediately after his commentary on Sahih Muslim.

Some Hadith Terminology and Classifications of Hadith

The content of Hadith consists of words uttered by the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, or words spoken by a Companion about him; an action of the Messenger, whether performed by him or by a Companion and approved or disapproved by him; and an expression of any feeling, habit, or desire of the Messenger. The primary responsibility for transmitting all this from the Messenger of Allah belonged to the noble Companions. The Companions concealed nothing concerning the Messenger, because the Qur’an says:

ما أَنكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا

“Accept whatever the Messenger gives you, and refrain from whatever he forbids you.” The Companions fully acted upon this injunction. Just as they took care to learn, understand, and master every matter related to him, they also assumed the responsibility of transmitting those matters to future generations with equal seriousness and care. In this regard, they did not resort to the slightest negligence, exaggeration, carelessness, or imagination. For they were fully aware of this saying of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him: “Whoever knowingly attributes a lie to me, let him make his abode in Hell.” (Sahih Muslim)

They narrated exactly as they had learned or heard each matter. In Hadith terminology, this kind of truthful transmission is called ‘adalat. The Muhaddithun unanimously agree that the Companions did not resort to any kind of falsehood when narrating Hadith. Thus, their universally accepted position is: الصَّحَابَةُ كَلَهُمْ عُدُوْلٌ“All the Companions are ‘adil,” meaning truthful.

After the Companions, the Tabi‘in—the followers of the Companions—assumed responsibility for transmitting and preserving Hadith, and after them came the Tabi‘ al-Tabi‘in—the followers of the Tabi‘in. Thus, this chain continued downward. In the generations after the Companions, whenever the terms ‘adil and ‘adalat were applied to a narrator, five qualities were necessarily found in him. These qualities were: First, he had never lied about the Hadith of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. Second, he had never been found to be a liar in ordinary worldly dealings. Third, he was not an unknown person whose life was undocumented and therefore impossible to evaluate. Fourth, he was not fasiq in his personal or social life. That is, he was a Muslim who followed the commandments of Islam—namely, the obligatory acts and the Sunnah—in his own life. He did not hold any belief contrary to the Qur’an and Sunnah, nor did he invent, or follow as part of the religion, any bid‘ah—any new belief or practice—in worship that was absent from the lives of the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and the Companions.

Along with the quality of ‘adalat among narrators, the Muhaddithun regarded another quality as indispensable: dabt. Dabt means the capacity to retain something in memory. In other words, a narrator’s memory must be such that he can recall any orally transmitted or written matter exactly and correctly at any time, without any part disappearing from his memory. A narrator possessing this type of memory is called dabit. A narrator in whom the qualities of ‘adalat and dabt are present to their full extent is called a thiqah narrator. Those who transmit Hadith are called narrators, or rawi, and the chain of these narrators—that is, from a Companion to a Tabi‘i, from a Tabi‘i to a Tabi‘ al-Tabi‘i, and then from the Tabi‘ al-Tabi‘in to subsequent narrators—is called the sanad.

The Muhaddithun have divided Hadith into several categories. These classifications are based on the sanad and the narrator. A Hadith whose sanad reaches the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and which is accepted as his Hadith is called a marfu‘ Hadith. A Hadith whose sanad does not reach the Messenger but reaches a Companion, and is recognized as the Companion’s Hadith, is called a mawquf Hadith. Its other name is athar. Needless to say, no Companion could speak from himself on fundamental matters of religion and Shariah; he must have heard it from the Messenger of Allah, although for some legitimate reason he did not attribute it to him. For this reason, mawquf Hadith is also counted among sahih Hadith. A Hadith whose sanad ends upon reaching a Tabi‘i, and which is accepted as the Tabi‘i’s Hadith, is called a maqtu‘ Hadith. Maqtu‘ Hadith is not acceptable.

A Hadith in whose sanad no narrator’s name is omitted at any level, and everyone’s name is mentioned in its proper place, is called a muttasil Hadith. A Hadith in whose sanad the name of a narrator is omitted at any level is called a munqati‘ Hadith. Munqati‘ Hadith is of two types: mursal and mu‘allaq. A Hadith in which the name of the narrator at the end of the sanad—namely, the Companion—is omitted, and the Tabi‘i narrates directly from the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, is called a mursal Hadith. Imam Abu Hanifah and Imam Malik accepted mursal Hadith without hesitation. Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal also accepted mursal Hadith in preference to opinion and issued fatwas on its basis. A Hadith in whose sanad the name of one or more narrators after the Companion is omitted is called a mu‘allaq Hadith. Mu‘allaq Hadith is not acceptable. A muttasil Hadith whose every narrator possesses the complete qualities of ‘adalat and dabt and which is free from every kind of defect in transmission is called a sahih Hadith. A Hadith whose narrator lacks perfection in the quality of dabt is called a hasan Hadith. In formulating law, the jurists generally rely on these sahih and hasan Hadith.

A Hadith whose narrator does not possess the qualities of a hasan Hadith—that is, one who lacks the quality of dabt—is called a da‘if Hadith. The weakness of a da‘if Hadith results from the weakness of its narrator. Otherwise, no weakness can enter it on account of the matn, or main text. A Hadith narrated by a person who has been acknowledged to have deliberately lied or fabricated something in the name of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, at some point in his life is called a mawdu‘ Hadith. Such a Hadith is in no way acceptable.

A sahih Hadith narrated in every generation by such a large number of narrators that it would be impossible for them to gather at the same time and place to fabricate a lie is called a mutawatir Hadith. Through a mutawatir Hadith, ‘ilm al-yaqin—knowledge producing complete certainty—is attained, containing not the slightest trace of doubt or uncertainty. A sahih Hadith narrated in every generation by at least three narrators is called a mashhur Hadith. A sahih Hadith narrated in every generation by at least two narrators is called an ‘aziz Hadith. A sahih Hadith narrated by only one narrator in any generation is called a gharib Hadith. These last three types of Hadith are collectively called khabar al-wahid. Because the number of narrators at some level of khabar al-wahid is small, it does not produce knowledge of certainty equal to that of mutawatir. This does not mean, however, that its narrators lack the quality of dabt. Therefore, it does not fall into the category of da‘if Hadith. In some cases, the same Hadith is also called hasan-sahih. This may be for several reasons: First, according to many scholars, this is solely a technical term used by Imam al-Tirmidhi. Second, the Hadith has been transmitted through two sanads, one sahih and the other hasan. Third, the Hadith is hasan in its literal meaning and sahih in its technical meaning. Fourth, the Hadith is sahih in its higher qualitative aspect—that is, memory, retention, and precision—and hasan in its lower qualitative aspect—that is, truthfulness.

Fifth, the qualities of sahih and hasan are present in the Hadith at the same level. Sixth, the Hadith is hasan with respect to its sanad and sahih with respect to its content. Seventh, the Hadith is hasan li-dhatihi and sahih li-ghayrihi. That is, it is hasan because of qualities inherent in itself and sahih because of an external factor. For example, a Hadith may have been transmitted through various sanads, but because none reaches the level of perfection it is considered hasan; yet because of the numerous sanads, the quality of sahih has arisen in it through an external factor.

Biography of Imam al-Nawawi

The full name and genealogy of Imam al-Nawawi are: Muhyi al-Din Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf ibn Mari ibn Hasan ibn Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Jumai ibn Hizam al-Nawawi. His given name was Yahya, his kunyah was Abu Zakariyya, and his title was Muhyi al-Din.

He was born in the month of Muharram in 631 AH in a settlement called Nawa, near Damascus. He spent his childhood in his own village, where he also began his education. He began his studies by learning the Arabic alphabet, reciting the Qur’an, and memorizing the Qur’an. During childhood and adolescence, he showed no interest at all in play. When boys his age invited him to play, he would not go with them, and when they insisted, he would weep. At the beginning of his youth, his father unsuccessfully tried to involve him in business. His father perceived in his son Zakariyya an intense eagerness for knowledge. His son’s elevated intellect and extraordinary intelligence inspired him. For the sake of his son’s higher education, he took him to Damascus, then a center of knowledge and learning. There Imam al-Nawawi began studying under the renowned teacher Kamal ibn Ahmad.

Imam al-Nawawi himself wrote about this: “When I was nineteen years old, my father took me to Damascus. Upon arriving there, I enrolled in the Rawahiyah Madrasa. I stayed there for two years. The madrasa authorities were responsible for providing food.” His profound devotion to the pursuit of knowledge also attracted his teachers to him. In 650 AH, he traveled with his father and stayed in Madinah al-Munawwarah for a month and a half. ‘Ata al-Din ibn ‘Ata relates that Shaykh al-Nawawi told him he studied twelve subjects with his teacher every day. The principal subjects included al-Jam‘ bayn al-Sahihayn, Sahih Muslim, grammar, morphology, logic, the principles of fiqh, and the names of narrators. His memory was also extraordinary. Consequently, anything he read once remained indelibly fixed in his memory. He found spiritual satisfaction in studying Hadith and fiqh. He acquired knowledge of Hadith from the greatest Muhaddithun of his time and simultaneously attained proficiency in the principles of fiqh and logic.

Imam al-Nawawi studied under a large number of teachers. The names of some of his foremost teachers are given below: 1. Abu Ibrahim Ishaq ibn Ahmad al-Maghribi; 2. Abu Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Nuh al-Maqdisi; 3. Abu Hafs ‘Umar ibn As‘ad al-Rib‘i; 4. Abu al-Hasan al-Arshili; 5. Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Muradi; 6. Abu al-Baqa Khalid ibn Yusuf al-Nabisi; 7. Diya ibn Tammam al-Hanafi; 8. Abu al-‘Abbas Ahmad al-Misri; 9. Abu ‘Abdullah al-Jiyani; 10. Abu al-Fath ‘Umar ibn Bundar; 11. Abu Ishaq al-Wasiti; 12. Abu al-‘Abbas al-Maqdisi; 13. Abu Muhammad al-Tanukhi; 14. Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Anbari; 15. Abu al-Faraj al-Maqdisi; and 16. Abu Muhammad al-Ansari.

After completing his journey to Bayt al-Maqdis in 676 AH, he fell ill immediately upon returning to his village. In this condition, he passed away on Wednesday night, 14 Rajab. Indeed, we belong to Allah, and indeed to Him we shall return.

During his forty-five-year life, Imam al-Nawawi authored countless valuable books. Some of them are: 1. Sharh Kitab al-Iman of Sahih al-Bukhari, that is, a commentary on the Book of Faith in Sahih al-Bukhari. 2. Al-Minhaj fi Sharh Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj, that is, a commentary on Sahih Muslim. Regarding this work, Imam al-Nawawi himself said: ‘If I had not feared that making the book longer would weaken me and reduce the number of readers, I would have completed it in one hundred volumes. Considering all aspects, I kept it at a moderate length. At present, the Arabic work is printed in two volumes.’ 3. Riyad al-Salihin. 4. Kitab al-Rawdah, an abridgment of al-Rafi‘i’s Sharh Kabir. 5. Sharh al-Muhadhdhab. 6. Tahdhib al-Asma wa al-Sifat. 7. Kitab al-Adhkar. 8. Irshad fi ‘Ulum al-Hadith. 9. Kitab al-Mubhamat. 10. Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari, that is, a commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari. 11. Sharh Sunan Abi Dawud, that is, a commentary on Abu Dawud. 12. Tabaqat Fuqaha al-Shafi‘iyyah. 13. Risalah fi Qismat al-Ghana’im. 14. Fatawa. 15. Jami‘ al-Sunnah. 16. Bulghat al-Ahkam. 17. Manaqib al-Shafi‘i. 18. Bustan al-‘Arifin. 19. Mukhtasar Usud al-Ghabah. 20. Risalat Istithbab al-Qiyam li Ahl al-Fadl.

Imam al-Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on him, was not famous merely as a scholar and Muhaddith; his excellent character, taqwa, and unostentatious way of life were accepted as an ideal in the Islamic society of his time. Taking the way of life of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, as his model, he ate extremely simple food and wore coarse clothing. Educated and uneducated, rich and poor—all respected him. Yet despite gaining such respect in the world, he never pursued wealth, honor, position, or power. Throughout his life, he never accepted government funds or assistance, nor did he accept any donation from anyone. He spent the entire day either propagating and advancing Islam or engaged in worship and devotion. He ate only once during the day and night, and drank water only then. He had countless students, many of whom later became renowned.

Abdul Mannan Talib

Preface

Imam al-Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on him

All praise belongs to Allah Most High. He is One and Unique, the Great, Almighty, and Forgiving. He causes the alternation of night and day, so that thoughtful and farsighted people may take heed from it. Among His creation, He awakens whomever He wills and makes him enterprising. He engages him in deep thought and reflection, grants him the ability to accept admonition, keeps him steadfast in obedience, and grants him the good fortune to prepare for the Hereafter. He keeps him away from the path of wrath and Hell and grants him the ability to remain firm upon truth and justice in every condition.

I praise Him extensively with the purest words conveying the fullest meaning of all His attributes. I testify that there is no deity except Allah. Muhammad, our sole and greatest leader, peace be upon him, is the Messenger, beloved, and servant of Allah. He guided humanity to the right path and called them to establish the way of life given by Allah. My sincere salutations are upon him, upon all the other Prophets, and upon all the Companions and righteous people.

The Purpose of Creating Human Beings and the Correct Way to Fulfill This Purpose. Allah Most High says:

ومَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَالْإِنسَ إِلا لِيَعْبُدُونِ مَا أُرِيدُ مِنْهُمْ مِّن رِزْقٍ وَمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ يُطْعِمُونِ

“I created mankind and the jinn only to worship Me. I do not seek any provision from them, nor do I want them to feed Me.” (Surah al-Dhariyat: 56–57)

This verse proves that the jinn and human beings were created only to worship Allah. Therefore, it is an essential duty of both humans and jinn to pay particular attention to this purpose of creation. They should not run after the comforts, pleasures, and luxuries of this world, because this world is temporary. It is not a place that will remain forever. Everyone must depart from it. Thus, those who spend their lives in the worship and obedience of Allah are the vigilant, and those who adopt honesty and taqwa are the intelligent. The Qur’an depicts the transience of this world as follows.

Allah Most High says:

إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا كَمَا أَنزَلْنَاهُ مِنَ السَّمَاء فَاخْتَلَطَ بِهِ نَبَاتُ الْأَرْضِ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ النَّاسُ وَالْأَنْعَامُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخَذَتِ الْأَرْضُ زُخْرُفَهَا وَازْيَّنَتْ وَظَنَّ أَهْلُهَا أَنَّهُمْ قَدِرُونَ عَلَيْهَا أَنَّهَا أَمْرُنَا ليلا أو نهاراً فَجَعَلْنَهَا حَصِيدًا كَان لَمْ تَغْنَ

بِالْأَمْسِ كَذلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ الْآيَتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ (سورة يونس : ٢٤)

“The example of the life of this world is that We sent down water from the sky. With it, the plants of the earth, which people and animals eat, grew thick and luxuriant. Then, when the earth had attained its full bloom and became beautifully adorned, and its owners thought that they had gained control over it, Our destructive command came upon it by night or by day, and We turned it into dry stubble, as though it had not been there the day before. Thus We explain the signs clearly for people who reflect.” (Surah Yunus: 24)

The poet says:

“Numerous servants of Allah severed their ties with the world
and feared calamity.
After deep observation, they learned
that this world is not humanity’s everlasting abode.
With profound knowledge of the deep sea,
they launched upon the world’s expanse
the vessel of their righteous and sincere deeds.”

In view of this condition of the world’s permanence and impermanence, I have described the fundamental purpose of our creation. Now it is the duty of every intelligent person to guide himself along the path of the righteous and to follow the way of those possessing sound intelligence. He should also prepare seriously for the matters to which I have pointed and the purpose I have reminded him of. For this reason, obedience to and following the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, is the only correct course. Allah Most High says:

وَ تَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى البر والتقوى (المائدة : ٢)

“Help one another in righteousness and taqwa.” (Surah al-Ma’idah: 2)

It is narrated in an authentic Hadith:

وَاللَّهُ فِي عَوْنِ الْعَبْدِ مَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ فِي عَوْنِ أَخِيهِ –

“As long as a servant continues to help his fellow brother, Allah continues to help him.” (Muslim, al-Nasa’i, and al-Tirmidhi)

The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, also said:

مَنْ دَلَّ عَلَى خَيْرٍ فَلَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ فَاعِلِهِ –

“Whoever guides someone to a good deed will receive a reward equal to that earned by the one who does it.” (Muslim, Abu Dawud)

He also said:

مَنْ دَعَا إِلَى هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أَجُورٍ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ لا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَجُورِهِمْ شَيْئًا .

“Whoever calls people to guidance will receive a reward equal to that of those who follow it, without diminishing their rewards in the least.”

He said to Ali (may Allah be pleased with him):

فَوَاللَّهِ لَأَنْ يُهْدِيَ اللَّهُ بِكَ رَجُلًا وَاحِدًا خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ حُمْرِ النَّعَمِ .

“By Allah! If Allah guides even one person through you, that is better for you than red camels (which are the most valuable).” (Bukhari, Muslim)

I intended to compile a concise collection of the authentic hadiths of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Through this collection, the path to the Hereafter will be made easier for the reader. By means of it, both outward and inward qualities will be acquired. It will contain hadiths that inspire obedience to Allah and His Messenger, as well as hadiths concerning the striving to suppress evil inclinations and the reform of character, together with all kinds of rules, methods, and programs for spiritual development.
I have included in this book, with particular care, only authentic hadiths from the famous hadith collections. I have begun the chapters and sections of this book with verses from the Qur’an. Then I have mentioned the hadiths.

I hope from Allah that this book will lead the reader toward honesty, righteousness, and goodness, and protect him from sin and destruction. I appeal to those who benefit from this book to pray for me, my parents, my teachers, my friends, and all Muslims. I place my trust in Merciful Allah. He is sufficient for me. I have firm faith in Him. He is the best Helper and the best Resolver. No one besides Almighty Allah has the power to turn a person away from the wrong path and bring him to the right path. Therefore, I entrust everything to Him alone.

Who translated what:

Maulana Sayyid Muhammad Ali — Hadith nos. 1–176

Maulana Muhammad Musa — Hadith nos. 177–373

Maulana Shamsul Alam Khan — Hadith nos. 374–390

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Section 1 — Sincerity (Ikhlas) and Intention (Niyyah)

ইখলাস (নিষ্ঠা) ও নিয়াত (অভিপ্রায়)

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلا لِيَعْبُدُوا اللهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ حُنَفَاءَ وَيُقِيمُوا الصلوةَ وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَذَلِكَ دِينُ القَيِّمَةِ .

Almighty Allah says:

(1) “And they were commanded only to worship Allah, devoting the religion sincerely to Him, inclining toward truth, to establish prayer and give zakat. That is the upright and firmly established religion.” (Surah al-Bayyinah: 5)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : لَنْ يُنَالَ اللهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَاؤُهَا وَلَكِنْ يُنَالُهُ التَّقْوَى مِنْكُمْ .

(2) “Neither the flesh nor the blood of your sacrificial animals reaches Allah; rather, your God-consciousness reaches Him.” (Surah al-Hajj: 37)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : قُلْ إِنْ تُخْفُوا مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمْ أَوْ تُبْدُوهُ يَعْلَمُهُ اللَّهُ .

(3) “Say: Whether you conceal what is in your hearts or reveal it, Allah knows it all.” (Surah Aal Imran: 29)

– وَعَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَبِي حَفْصِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ بْنِ نُفَيْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى ابْنِ رِيَاحِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُرْطِ بْنِ رَزَاحِ بْنِ عَدِي بْنِ كَعْبِ بْن لَزَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ الْعَدَوِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ

عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى الله وَرَسُولِهِ فَهَجْرَتُهُ إلى الله وَرَسُولِهِ وَمَنْ كَانَتْ هَجْرَتُهُ لِدُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَوْ امْرَأَةٍ يَنْكِحُهَا فَهَجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَى

صِحْتِهِ –

1. It is narrated from the Commander of the Believers, Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: “Deeds are judged according to intentions, and every person will have only what he intended. Thus, whoever migrated for Allah and His Messenger, his migration is for Allah and His Messenger. And whoever migrated to obtain some worldly benefit or to marry a woman, his migration is for whatever he migrated for.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

– وَعَنْ أَمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَمْ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْزُو جَيْشِ الْكَعْبَةَ فَإِذَا كَانُوا بِبَيْدَاءَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ يُخْسَفُ بأولهم وأخرِهِمْ قَالَتْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ يُخْسَفُ بِأَوْلِهِمْ

وَأَخِرِهِمْ وَفِيهِمْ أَسْوَاقُهُمْ وَمَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ يُخْسَفُ بِأَوْلِهِمْ وَأَخِرِهِمْ ثُمَّ يُبْعَثُونَ عَلَى نِيَاتِهِمْ -مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ

2. It is narrated from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “An army will attack the Kaaba. When they reach a plain, the earth will swallow them, from the first of them to the last.” Aisha said: I asked, “O Messenger of Allah! How will they all be swallowed, from the first to the last, when there will be among them townspeople and others who are not part of the attacking force?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “They will all be swallowed, from the first to the last, and then they will be resurrected according to their intentions.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

The wording of Bukhari has been quoted here.

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا هجْرَةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْحِ وَلَكُنْ جِهَادُ وَنِيَّةٌ وَإِذَا اسْتَنْفِرْتُمْ فَانْفِرُوا – مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

3. It is narrated from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “There is no migration after the conquest of Makkah, but jihad and intention remain. Whenever you are called to go forth, then go forth.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

Imam Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This means that the ruling requiring migration from Makkah was no longer in effect when this hadith was narrated, because Makkah had then become part of the Islamic state.

وَعَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزَاةٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ لَرِجَالاً مَا سِرْتُمْ مسيرا وَلَا قَطَعْتُمْ وَادِيًا إِلَّا كَانُوا مَعَكُمْ حَبَسَهُمُ الْمَرَضُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ إِلَّا

 شَرِكُوكُمْ فِي الْأَجْرِ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ. وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنْ أَنَسِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ رَجَعْنَا مِنْ غَزْوَةٍ تَبُوكَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَقْوَامًا خَلْفَنَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ مَا سَلَكْنَا شِعبًا وَلَا وَادِيًا إِلَّا وَهُمْ مَعَنَا حَبْسَهُمُ الْعُذْرُ.

4. It is narrated from Jabir ibn Abdullah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on a military expedition. He then said: “There are some people in Madinah who remain with you wherever you travel and across every plain you cross. Illness has kept them back.” (Muslim) Another narration states: “They share with you in the reward.”

Imam Bukhari narrated this hadith from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) in the following words. He said: After we returned with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) from the expedition to Tabuk, he said: “We left behind us in Madinah some people who were with us whenever we traversed a mountain pass or a plain; a genuine excuse kept them back.”

ه وَعَنْ أَبِي يَزِيدَ مَعْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْأَخْنَسِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَهُوَ وَأَبُوهُ وَجَدهُ صَحَابِيُّونَ قَالَ كَانَ أَبِي يَزِيدُ أَخْرَجَ دَنَانِيْرَ يَتَصَدِّقُ بِهَا فَوَضَعَهَا عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَجِئْتُ فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِهَا فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا إِيَّاكَ أَرَدْتُ

 فَخَاصَمْتُهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَكَ مَا نَوَيْتَ يَا يَزِيدُ وَلَكَ مَا أَخَذْتَ يَا مَعْنُ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.

5. It is narrated from Abu Yazid Ma‘n ibn Yazid ibn Akhnas (may Allah be pleased with him). He, his father, and his grandfather were all Companions. He said: My father, Yazid (may Allah be pleased with him), took out some dinars to give in charity and left them with a man in the mosque. I went and took them, then brought them to him. My father said, “By Allah! I did not intend to give them to you.” I then presented the matter to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: “O Yazid, you will have the reward for what you intended, and O Ma‘n, what you took is yours.” (Bukhari)

٦- وَعَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَاصِ مَالِكِ بْنِ وَهَيْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ ابْنِ زُهْرَةَ بْنِ كِلابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُغَيِّ الْقُرَشِيِّ الزُّهْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَحَدِ الْعَشَرَةِ الْمَشْهُودِ لَهُمْ بِالْجَنَّةِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ جَاءَنِي

 رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ مِنْ وَجَعِ اشْتَدَّ بِي فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي قَدْ بَلَغَ بِي مِنَ الْوَجَعِ مَا تَرَى وَأَنَا ذُوْمَالٍ وَلَا يَرِثُنِي إِلَّا ابْنَةً لِي أَفَا تَصَدِّقُ بِثُلُثَى مَالَي ؟ قَالَ “لا” قُلْتُ فَالشَّطْرُ يَا

رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ فَقَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَالثُّلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ الله ؟ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ الثلث كَثِيرٌ أَوْ كَبِيرٌ إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَذَرَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَذَرَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ وَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِي بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَجِرْتَ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي

 فِي امْرَأَتِكَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخَلَّفُ بَعْدَ اصْحَابِي ؟ قَالَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تُخَلَّفَ فَتَعْمَلَ عَمَلا تَبْتَغِي بِهِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا ازْدَدْتَ بِهِ دَرَجَةً وَرَفْعَةٌ وَلَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تُخَلَّفَ حَتَّى يَنْتَفِعَ بِكَ أَقَوَامٌ وَيُضَرِّ بِكَ أَخَرُونَ اللَّهُمَّ أمْضِ لِأَصْحَابِي

 هِجْرَتَهُمْ وَلَا تَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ لَكِنِ الْبَائِسُ سَعْدُ بْنُ خَوْلَةَ يَرْنِي لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ مَاتَ بِمَكَّةَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

6. It is narrated from Abu Ishaq Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him). He was one of the ten Companions given the glad tidings of Paradise. He said: In the year of the Farewell Hajj, I became seriously ill, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit me. I said, “O Messenger of Allah! You can see how ill I am, and I am a wealthy man. My only heir is my daughter. May I give two-thirds of my wealth in charity?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “No.” I asked again, “Then half?” He said, “No.” I said, “O Messenger of Allah! Then one-third?” He said, “Give one-third, and one-third is a great deal. It is better for you to leave your heirs wealthy than to leave them destitute, stretching out their hands to people. Whatever you spend seeking Allah’s pleasure, you will surely be rewarded for it, even for what you place in your wife’s mouth.” Abu Ishaq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I asked, “O Messenger of Allah! Will I remain behind my companions [in Makkah after the migration]?” He said: “You will not remain behind and do any deed seeking Allah’s pleasure except that your rank and honor will increase through it. Perhaps you will remain behind, and through you some people will benefit while others will suffer harm. O Allah, complete the migration of my Companions and do not turn them back.” But Sa‘d ibn Khawlah was truly deserving of compassion; the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) expressed sorrow at his death in Makkah. (Bukhari, Muslim)

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ صَخْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى لَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَجْسَامِكُمْ وَلَا إِلَى صُوَرِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ يَنظُرُ إِلى قُلُوْبِكُمْ وَأَعْمَالِكُمْ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ .

7. It is narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah does not look at your bodies or your appearances; rather, He looks at your hearts and your deeds.” (Muslim)

وَعَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَيْسِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُقَاتِلُ شَجَاعَةً وَيُقَاتِلُ حَمِيةٌ وَيُقَاتِلُ رِبَاءٌ أَيُّ ذَلِكَ فِي سَبِيْلِ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ

وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ قَاتَلَ لِتَكُونَ كَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلْيَا فَهُوَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ (مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ )

8. It is narrated from Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: “Which person is fighting for the sake of Allah—one who fights out of bravery, one who fights out of tribal pride and honor, or one who fights for show?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The one who fights only so that the word of Allah may be supreme is the one fighting in the path of Allah.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

– وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةً نُفَيْعِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الثَّقَفِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا الْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمَانِ بِسَيْفَيْهِمَا فَالْقَاتِلُ وَالْمَقْتُولُ فِي النَّارِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هُذَا الْقَاتِلُ فَمَا بَالُ الْمَقْتُولِ؟ قَالَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ

حَرِيصًا عَلَى قَبْلِ صَاحِبِهِ (مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ)

9. It is narrated from Abu Bakrah Nufay ibn al-Harith al-Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When two Muslims confront one another with their swords, both the killer and the slain will be in Hell.” Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: “O Messenger of Allah! The killer, that is understandable, but what about the slain?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He too was intent on killing his opponent.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

١٠- وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلاةُ الرَّجُلِ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ تَزِيدُ عَلَى صَلَاتِهِ فِى سُوقِهِ وَبَيْتِهِ بِضْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ دَرَجَةً وَذَلِكَ أَنْ أَحَدَهُمُ إِذَا تَوَضًا فَأَحْسَنَ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ آتَى

الْمَسْجِدَ لَا يُرِيدُ إِلا الصلاة لا يَنْهَرُهُ إِلا الصَّلاةُ لَمْ يَخْطُ خُطُوَةً إِلا رُفِعَ لَهُ بِهَا دَرَجَةً وَحُطَّ عَنْهُ بِهَا خَطِيئَةٌ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ كَانَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ مَا كَانَتِ الصَّلاةُ هِيَ تَحْبِسُهُ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يُصَلُّوْنَ عَلَى

 أَحَدِكُمْ مَا دَامَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ الَّذِي صَلَّى فِيهِ يَقُولُونَ اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْهُ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لَهُ اللَّهُمَّ تُبْ عَلَيْهِ مَا لَمْ يُؤْذِ فِيْهِ مَا لَمْ يُحْدِثُ فِيْهِ (مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَهُذَا لَفْظُ مُسْلِمٍ وَقَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَرُهُ هُوَ بِفَتْحِ الْيَاءِ وَالْهَاءِ
وَبِالزَّأَي أَي يُخْرِجُهُ وَيُنْهِضُهُ

10. It is narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The reward for a person’s prayer in congregation is more than twenty times greater than his prayer in his marketplace or home. This is because when a person performs ablution properly and comes to the mosque solely for prayer, with nothing but prayer driving him, every step he takes until he enters the mosque raises him one degree and removes one sin from him. Once he enters the mosque, he is considered to be in prayer so long as prayer keeps him there. Whenever any of you remains in the place where he prayed, without harming anyone or breaking his ablution, the angels continue to supplicate for him, saying: ‘O Allah, have mercy on him. O Allah, forgive him. O Allah, accept his repentance.’” (Bukhari, Muslim)

۱۱ – وَعَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيمَا يَرْوِي عَنْ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كتب الحسناتِ والسَّيِّئَاتِ ثُمَّ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ فَمَنْ هُمْ بِحَسَنَةٍ فَلَمْ

يَعْمَلُهَا كَتَبَهَا اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى عِنْدَهُ حَسَنَةً كَامِلَةً وَإِنْ هَمْ بِهَا فَعَمِلَهَا كَتَبَهَا اللَّهُ عَشْرَ حَسَنَاتٍ إلى سَبْعِ مِائَةِ ضِعْفَ إِلَى أَضْعَافَ كَثِيرَةٍ وَإِنْ هُمْ بِسَيِّئَةٍ فَلَمْ يَعْمَلُهَا كَتَبَهَا اللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ حَسَنَةٌ كَامِلَةً وَإِنْ هَمْ بِهَا فَعَمِلَهَا

  كَتَبَهَا اللَّهُ سَيِّئَةً وَاحِدَةً مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

11. It is narrated from Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). In relating from his Lord, the Mighty and Majestic, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah has determined good deeds and bad deeds, then explained them clearly. Whoever intends to do a good deed but does not do it, Allah records one complete good deed for him. If he does it, Allah records for him ten good deeds, up to seven hundred times as much, and even many times more. Whoever intends to do a bad deed but does not do it, Allah records one complete good deed for him. If he does it, Allah records only one bad deed against him.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

وَعَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُوْلُ انْطَلَقَ ثَلَاثَةٌ نَفَرٍ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُم حَتَّى أَوَاهُمُ الْمِبَيْتُ إِلى غَارِ فَدَخَلُوهُ فَاتُحَدَرَتْ صَخْرَةٌ ۱۲

مِنَ الْجَبَلِ فَسَدَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْغَارَ فَقَالُوا إِنَّهُ لَا يُنْجِيْكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الصَّخْرَةِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَدْعُوا اللَّهَ بِصَالِحٍ أَعْمَالِكُمْ قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمُ اللَّهُمَّ كَانَ لِي أَبْوَانِ شَيْخَانِ كَبِيرَانِ وَكُنْتُ لَا أَغْبِقُ قَبْلَهُمَا أَهْلاً وَلَا مَالاً فَنَاى بِي طَلَبُ الشَّجَرِ يَوْمًا

فَلَمْ أُرِحٍ عَلَيْهِمَا حَتَّى نَامَا فَعَلَيْتْ لَهُمَا غَبُوقَهُمَا فَوَجَدتُهُمَا نَائِمَيْنِ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَوْقِظَهُمَا وَأَنْ أَغْبِقَ قَبْلَهُمَا اهلا أَوْ مَالاً فَلَبِثْتُ وَالْقَدَحُ عَلَى يَدِى انْتَظِرُ اسْتِيْقَاظَهُمَا حَتَّى بَرِقَ الْفَجْرُ والصَّبْيَةُ يَتَضَاغَوْنَ عِنْدَ قَدَمَى

فَاسْتَيْقَظَا فَشَرِبَا غَبُوقَهُمَا اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتُ فَعَلْتُ ذلِكَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِكَ فَفَرِّجْ عَنَّا مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الصَّخْرَةِ فَانْفَرَجَتْ شَيْئًا لا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ الْخُرُوجَ مِنْهُ قَالَ الْآخَرُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُ كَانَتْ لِي ابْنَةُ عَمَّ كَانَتْ أَحَبٌ النَّاسِ إِلَى وَفِي

رِوَايَةٍ كُنْتُ أَحِبُّهَا كَاشَدِ مَا يُحِبُّ الرِّجَالُ النِّسَاءَ فَأَرَدْتُهَا عَلَى نَفْسِهَا فَامْتَنَعَتْ مِنِّى حَتَّى المُتْ بِهَا سَنَةٌ مِنَ السِّنِينَ فَجَاءَتْنِي فَأَعْطَيْتُهَا عشْرِينَ وَمِائَةَ دِينَارٍ عَلَى أَنْ تُخَلَّى بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ نَفْسِهَا فَفَعَلَتْ حَتَّى إِذَا قَدَرْتُ

عَلَيْهَا وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَعَدْتُ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهَا قَالَتْ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَلَا تَفْضُ الْخَاتَمَ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهِ فَانْصَرَفَتْ عَنْهَا وَهِيَ أَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلَى وَتَرَكْتُ الذَّهَبَ الَّذِي أَعْطَيْتُهَا اللهم ان إِن كُنتُ فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِكَ فَاخْرُجْ عَنَّا مَا نَحْنُ فِيْهِ

فَانْفَرَجَتِ الصَّخْرَةُ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ الْخُرُوجَ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ الثَّالِثُ اللَّهُمَّ اسْتَأْجَرْتُ أجراء وأَعْطَيْتُهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ غَيْرَ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ تَرَكَ الَّذِي لَهُ وَذَهَبَ فَشَمَّرْتُ أَجْرَهُ حَتَّى كَثُرَتْ مِنْهُ الْأَمْوَالُ فَجَاءَنِي بَعْدَ حِينٍ فَقَالَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ

إِذِ إِلَى أَجْرِى فَقُلْتُ كُلُّ مَا تَرَى مِنْ أَجْرِكَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالرِّقِيقِ فَقَالَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ لَا تَسْتَهْزِئُ بِي فَقُلْتُ لَا أَسْتَهْزِئُ بِكَ فَأَخَذَهُ كُلَّهُ فَاسْتَاقَهُ فَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا اللهُم إِنْ كُنْتُ فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِكَ فَاخْرُجْ

عَنَّا مَا نَحْنُ فِيْهِ فَانْفَرَجَتِ الصَّخْرَةُ فَخَرَجُوا يَمْشُونَ – مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

12. Narrated from Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: Three men from among those who lived before you set out on a journey and took shelter in a mountain cave to spend the night. After they entered it, a rock fell down and blocked the entrance of the cave. They said to one another, “You can be saved from this calamity of the rock only by supplicating to Allah, using your sincere deeds as a means of approach to Him.” One of them said: O Allah! My parents were extremely old. I used to give them milk to drink before giving it to my family, children and servants. One day I had to go a long way in search of firewood and could not return home at the proper time; consequently, they fell asleep. I milked the animals and brought the milk for their evening drink, but found them asleep. I did not like to wake them. Nor did I like to give milk to my family and servants before them. So I remained standing with the bowl of milk in my hand, waiting for them to wake up. Meanwhile, my children were crying out of hunger at my feet. In this condition, dawn came. Then they awoke and drank the milk. O Allah! If I did this solely to seek Your pleasure, then remove from us the calamity in which we have fallen because of this rock. At this, the rock moved somewhat, but they could not get out through the opening. Another said: O Allah! I had a cousin whom I loved more than anyone else. According to another narration, I loved her as much as a man could love a woman. I expressed my desire to have intercourse with her, but she refused. Finally, in a year of famine, when she came to me, I gave her one hundred and twenty gold coins on the condition that she have intercourse with me in seclusion. She agreed. When I was about to have her, according to another narration, when I sat between her legs, she said: “Fear Allah and do not violate my chastity unlawfully.” I immediately left her. Yet she was the dearest of all people to me. I also abandoned the gold coins that I had given her. O Allah! If I did this solely to seek Your pleasure, then remove this calamity from us. At this, the rock moved a little farther, but they still could not get out. The third man said: O Allah! I had hired several laborers. I paid all of them their wages, but one of them left without taking his wages. I invested his wages in business, and his wealth increased greatly. After some time, he came to me and said: O servant of Allah, give me my wages. I said: These camels, cattle, sheep and servants that you see are all yours. He said: O servant of Allah, do not mock me. I said to him: I am not mocking you. Then he took everything and left, without leaving anything behind. O Allah! If I did this solely to seek Your pleasure, then deliver us from this calamity. Then the rock moved completely away, and they all walked out. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Section 2 — Repentance

তাওবা

The scholars say that repentance from every sin is obligatory. If the sin concerns a matter between Allah and the servant and does not involve anyone else’s rights, then repentance from it has three conditions: (1) the repentant person must refrain from the sin; (2) he must regret having committed it; and (3) he must firmly resolve never to commit it again. If the sin concerns another person, then, in addition to these three conditions, there is a fourth condition: the repentant person must fulfill the right of the rightful person. If someone is entitled to wealth or property, or anything similar, it must be returned to him. If it involves an accusation or something similar, the punishment must be borne from the concerned person, or his pardon must be sought. In the case of backbiting or slander, forgiveness must be sought from the person concerned. Repentance from all sins is obligatory. If one repents from some sins, that repentance will be accepted, while repentance from the remaining sins will still be pending. The obligation of repentance is established by the Qur’an, the Sunnah and the consensus of the Ummah.

 قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“O believers! Turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, so that you may prosper.” (Surah An-Nur: 31)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ ثُمَّ تُوبُوا إِلَيْهِ .

(b) “Seek forgiveness from your Lord, then repent to Him.” (Surah Hud: 3)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا تُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ تَوْبَةً نَصُوحًا

(c) “O believers! Turn to Allah in sincere repentance (tawbah nasuhah) [Three things are essential for sincere repentance: (a) one must repent from all sins; (b) one must be free from every kind of doubt, hesitation and indecision regarding repentance; and (c) one must firmly resolve to remain steadfast in repentance. (Translator)]” (Surah At-Tahrim: 8)

۱۳ – وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَاسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ وَآتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ فِي الْيَوْمِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

13. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: By Allah! I seek Allah’s forgiveness and repent to Him more than seventy times a day.

Imam Al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

١٤- وَعَنِ الْآخَرِ بْنِ يَسَارِ الْمُزَنِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ تُوبُوا إِلَى اللهِ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوهُ فَإِنِّي أَتُوبُ فِي الْيَوْمِ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِم

14. Narrated from Al-Agharr ibn Yasar Al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: O people! Repent to Allah and seek His forgiveness, for I repent one hundred times every day. (Muslim)

١٥ – وَعَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ خَادِمٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اللَّهُ أَفْرَحُ بِتَوْبَةِ عَبْدِهِ مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ سَقَطَ عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ وَقَدْ أَضَلَّهُ فِي أَرْضِ

 فَلَاةٍ – مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ . وفي رواية لمسلم اللهُ أَشَدُّ فَرَحًا بِتَوْبَةِ عَبْدِهِ حِيْنَ يَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ كَانَ على راحلته بِأَرْضِ فَلَاةٍ فَانْفَلَتَتْ مِنْهُ وَعَلَيْهَا طَعَامُهُ وَشَرَابُهُ فَأَيْسَ مِنْهَا فَآتَى شَجَرَةٌ فَاضْطَجَعَ فِي ظِلِهَا وَقَدْ أَيسَ

مِنْ رَاحِلَتِهِ فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا هُوَ بِهَا قَائِمَةً عِنْدَهُ فَأَخَذَ بِخِطَامِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْفَرَحِ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ عَبْدِي وَأَنَا رَبُّكَ أَخْطَا من شدة الفرح

15. Narrated from Abu Hamzah Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), the servant of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Allah is more delighted by the repentance of His servant than one of you would be when, after losing his camel in the desert, he finds it again. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

In another narration by Imam Muslim, it is stated: Allah is more delighted by the repentance of His servant than one of you would be when his camel, carrying his food and drink, is lost in the desert. He despairs of finding it and lies down in the shade of a tree. In this state of despair, he suddenly sees the camel standing near him, seizes its reins and, overcome with joy, exclaims: O Allah! You are my servant and I am your Lord! He made this mistake because of the intensity of his joy.

١٦ – وَعَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قَيْسِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَبْسُطُ يَدَهُ بِاللَّيْلِ لِيَتُوبَ مُسْئُ النَّهَارِ وَيَبْسُطُ يَدَهُ بِالنَّهَارِ لِيَتُوبَ مُسْئُ اللَّيْلِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ

مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ .

16. Narrated from Abu Musa Abdullah ibn Qays Al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Until the sun rises from the west, Allah the Exalted will extend His Mighty Hand every night so that the sinner of the day may repent. And He will extend His Mighty Hand every day so that the sinner of the night may repent. (Muslim)

۱۷ – وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ تَابَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ .

17. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever repents before the sun rises from the west, Allah will accept his repentance. (Muslim)

۱۸ – وَعَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ يَقْبَلُ تَوْبَةَ الْعَبْدِ مَا لَمْ يُغَرغِرْ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثُ حَسَنٌ .

18. Narrated from Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, accepts the servant’s repentance until the signs of death appear.

Imam At-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and classified it as hasan.

۱۹ – وَعَنْ زِرِ بْنِ حُبَيْشِ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ عَسَالٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْمَسْحِ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ فَقَالَ مَا جَاءَ بِكَ يَا زِرِ؟ فَقُلْتُ ابْتِغَاءَ الْعِلْمِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَضَعُ اجْنِحَتَهَا لِطَالِبِ الْعِلْمِ رِضَى بِمَا يَطْلُبُ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ

حَكَ فِي صَدْرِي الْمَسْحُ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ بَعْدَ الْغَائِطِ وَالْبَوْلِ وَكُنْتَ امْرُهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ هَلْ سَمِعْتَهُ يَذْكُرُ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ كَانَ يَأْمُرُنَا إِذَا كُنَّا سَفَرًا أَوْ مُسَافِرِينَ أَنْ لَا تَنْزِعَ

خِفَافَنَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَلَيَالِيْهِنَّ الا مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ لَكِنْ مِنْ غَائِطِ وَيَوْلٍ وَنَوْمٍ فَقُلْتُ هَلْ سَمِعْتَهُ يَذْكُرُ فِي الْهَوَى شَيئًا ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ إِذْ نَادَاهُ أَعْرَابِيُّ بِصَوْتٍ لَهُ

جَهْوَرِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَاجَابَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَحْوًا مِنْ صَوْتِهِ هَاؤُمُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ وَيْحَكَ أَغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ فَإِنَّكَ عِندَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ نُهِيتَ عَنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَا أَغْضُضْ قَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ الْمَرْءُ

يُحِبُّ الْقَوْمَ وَلَمَّا يَلْحَقِّ بِهِمْ؟ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَرْءُ مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبُّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَمَا زَالَ يُحَدِّثْنَا حَتَّى ذَكَرَ بَابًا مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ مَسِيرَةُ عَرْضِهِ أَوْ يَسِيرُ الرَّاكِبُ فِي عَرْضِهِ أَرْبَعِينَ أَوْ سَبْعِينَ عَامًا قَالَ سُفْيَانُ أحَدُ

الرُّواةِ قِبَلَ الشَّامِ خَلَقَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ مَفْتُوحًا للتَّوْبَةِ لَا يُغْلَقُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ مِنْهُ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَغَيْرُهُ وَقَالَ حَدِيثٍ حَسَنٌ صَحِيح .

19. Narrated from Zur ibn Hubaysh (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I came to Safwan ibn Assal (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask about wiping over the leather socks. When he asked why I had come, I replied, “To seek knowledge.” He said: The angels spread their wings for the seeker of knowledge, being pleased with what he seeks. I said: I have a doubt in my mind about wiping over the leather socks after defecation and urination. You are a Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so I have come to ask you whether you heard him say anything about this. He said: Yes. When we were traveling, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) commanded us not to remove our leather socks for three days and nights, except in the case of major ritual impurity (the impure state requiring a ritual bath). However, after defecation, urination or sleep, it is not necessary to remove the leather socks when performing ablution (that is, the feet need not be washed; wiping over them is sufficient).

I said: Have you heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say anything about love? He replied: Yes. We were on a journey with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). While we were near him, a Bedouin suddenly called out to him loudly, “O Muhammad!” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also replied in a voice as loud as his, “Here I am.” I said to him, “Woe to you! Lower your voice, for you are in the presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and you have been forbidden to do this.” The man said, “I will not lower my voice.” Then he asked: What do you say about a person who loves a people but has not yet joined them? The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: A person will be with the one he loves on the Day of Resurrection. As he continued speaking to us, he eventually mentioned a gate in the west whose width would take forty or seventy years to cross on foot or by a mount.

A hadith narrator named Sufyan said: Allah the Exalted has kept this gate open for repentance since the day He created the heavens and the earth. It will not be closed until the sun rises from the west.

Imam At-Tirmidhi and others narrated this hadith, and he classified it as hasan and sahih.

٢٠ – وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ نَبِيٍّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ كَانَ فِيمَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ تِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعِيْنَ نَفْسًا فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَمِ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ فَدَلَ عَلَى رَاهِبٍ فَآتَاهُ

 فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ قَتَلَ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِيْنَ نَفْسًا فَهَل لَهُ مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ ؟ فَقَالَ لَا فَقَتَلَهُ فَكَمِّلَ بِهِ مِائَةً ثُمَّ سَأَلَ عَنْ أَعْلَم أهْلِ الْأَرْضِ قَدْلٌ عَلَى رَجُلٍ عَالِمٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ قَتَلَ مِائَةَ نَفْسٍ فَهَلْ لَهُ مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ ؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ وَمَنْ يَحُولُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ

التَّوْبَةِ انْطَلِقُ إِلَى أَرْضِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَإِنَّ بِهَا أَنَاسًا يَعْبُدُونَ اللهَ تَعَالَى فَاعْبُدِ اللَّهَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَا تَرْجِعُ إِلَى أَرْضِكَ فَإِنَّهَا أَرْضُ سُوءٍ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى إِذَا نَصَفَ الطَّرِيقَ آتَاهُ الْمَوْتُ فَاخْتَصَمَتْ فِيهِ مَلَائِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ وَمَلَائِكَةُ الْعَذَابِ فَقَالَتْ

مَلائِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ جَاءَ تَائِبًا مُقْبلاً بِقَلْبِهِ إِلى الله تَعَالَى وَقَالَتْ مَلَائِكَةُ الْعَذَابِ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْمَلْ خَيْرًا قَطُّ فَأَتَاهُمْ مَلَكَ فِي صُورَةٍ أدَمِيٌّ فَجَعَلُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ أَيُّ حَكَمًا فَقَالَ قِيْسُوا مَا بَيْنَ الْأَرْضَيْنِ فَالِى أَيْتِهِمَا كَانَ أَدْنَى فَهُوَ لَهُ فَقَاسُوا

فَوَجَدُوهُ أَدْنى إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي أَرَادَ فَقَبَضَتْهُ مَلَائِكَةُ الرحمة – متفق عليه. وَفِي رِوَايَة فِي الصَّحِيحِ فَكَانَ إِلَى الْقَرْيَةِ الصَّالِحَةِ أَقْرَبَ بِشِبْرٍ فَجُعِلَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فِي الصَّحِيحِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى هُذِهِ أَنْ تَبَاعَدِي

وَإِلَى هذهِ أَنْ تَقَرِّبَى وَقَالَ قِيْسُوا مَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَوَجَدُوهُ إِلَى هَذِهِ أَقْرَبَ بِشِبْرٍ فَغْفِرَ لَهُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فَنَايَ بِصَدْرِهِ نَحْوَهَا

20. Narrated from Abu Sa‘id Sa‘d ibn Malik ibn Sinan Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Among those who lived before you was a man who killed ninety-nine people. He then sought the most learned person in the world and was directed to a Christian hermit. He went to him and said that he had killed ninety-nine people and asked whether there was any opportunity for him to repent. The hermit said, “No.” The man killed the hermit, thereby completing one hundred. Then he again sought the most learned person in the world and was directed to a scholar. He went to him and said that he had killed one hundred people and asked whether there was any opportunity for him to repent. The scholar said: Yes, there is an opportunity to repent. Who could come between him and repentance? Go to such-and-such a place. There are people there who worship Allah. Worship Allah with them, and do not return to your own land, for it is an evil land. The man continued toward the place indicated. When he had covered half the distance, death overtook him. The angels of mercy and the angels of punishment disputed concerning him. The angels of mercy said: This man came repentant, turning his heart toward Allah. But the angels of punishment said: He never did any good deed. At that moment, another angel came to them in human form. They accepted him as an arbiter between them. The arbiter said: Measure the distance between the two lands. Whichever of them he is nearer to, he belongs to that one. After measuring, they found him nearer to the land toward which he had been traveling. Thus, the angels of mercy took his soul. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

In another narration by Al-Bukhari, it is stated that the man was one span closer to the settlement of the righteous, so he was included among them. Another narration by Al-Bukhari states that Allah the Exalted commanded one side of the land to move farther away and the other side to draw nearer, and ordered the angels to measure the land. They found him half a cubit closer to the land of the righteous, so he was forgiven. Another narration states that he dragged his chest along the ground away from the land of the wicked.

۲۱- وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بن کا بن كعب بن مالك وَكَانَ قَائِدُ كَعْبٍ رَضى ى اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ بَنِيهِ حِيْنَ عَمِيَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يُحَدِّثُ بِحَدِيثِهِ حِيْنَ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةِ

تَبُوكَ قَالَ كَعْبٌ لَمْ اتَخَلَّفْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا قَطُّ إِلَّا فِي غَزْوَةٍ تَبُوكَ غَيْرَ أَنِّي قَدْ تَخَلَّفْتُ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ وَلَمْ يُعَاتَبْ أَحَدٌ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ إِنَّمَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ يُرِيدُونَ عَيْرَ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى جَمَعَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ عَدُوِّهِمْ عَلَى غَيْرِ مِبْعَادِ وَلَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْلَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ حِيْنَ تَوَاثَقْنَا عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَمَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ لِي بِهَا مَشْهَدَ بَدْرٍ وَإِنْ

كَانَتْ بَدْرٌ أَذْكَرَ فِي النَّاسِ مِنْهَا . وَكَانَ مِنْ خَبَرِي حِيْنَ تَخَلَّفْتُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةٍ تَبُوكَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ قَط أَقْوى وَلَا أَيْسَرَ مِنِّي حِيْنَ تَخَلَّفْتُ عَنْهُ فِي تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةِ وَاللَّهِ مَا جَمَعْتُ قَبْلَهَا رَاحِلَتَيْنِ

قَطُّ حَتَّى جَمَعْتُهُمَا فِي تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُرِيدُ غَزْوَةً إِلَّا وَرَى بِغَيْرِهَا حَتَّى كَانَتْ تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةُ فَغَزَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَرِّ شَدِيدٍ وَاسْتَقْبَلَ سَفَرًا بَعِيداً ومَفَارًا

وَاسْتَقْبَلَ عَدَداً كَثِيرًا فَجَلَى لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَمْرَهُمْ لِيَتَاهُبُوا أَهْبَةً غَزُوهِمْ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ بِوَجْهِهِمُ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَثِيرٌ وَلَا يَجْمَعُهُمْ كِتَابٌ حَافِظ يُرِيدُ بذَلِكَ الدِّيوَانَ قَالَ كَعْبٌ فَقَلْ رَجُلٌ

يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَتَغَيْبَ إِلَّا ظَنَّ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ سَيَخْفَى بِهِ مَا لَمْ يَنْزِلُ فِيْهِ وَحْيٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَغَزَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةَ حِيْنَ طَابَتِ الشِّمَارُ وَالظُّلَالُ فَأَنَا إِلَيْهَا أَصْعَرُ فَتَجَهُزَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ مَعَهُ وَطَفِقْتُ اغْدُو لِكَى أَتَجَهْزَ مَعَهُ فَارْجِعُ وَلَمْ أَقْضِ شَيْئًا وَأَقُولُ فِي نَفْسِي أَنَا قَادِرٌ عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِذَا أَرَدْتُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَتَمَادَى بِي حَتَّى اسْتَمَرُ بِالنَّاسِ الْجُدُّ فَأَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَادِيًا

وَالْمُسْلِمُونُ مَعَهُ وَلَمْ أَقْضِ مِنْ جِهَازِي شَيْئًا ثُمَّ غَدَوْتُ فَرَجَعْتُ وَلَمْ اقْضِ شَيْئًا فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَتَمَادَى بِي حَتَّى أَسْرَعُوا وَتَفَارَطَ الْغَزِرُ فَهَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَرْتَحِلَ فَأُدْرِكَهُمْ فَيَا لَيْتَنِي فَعَلْتُ ثُمَّ لَمْ يُقَدِّرُ ذَلِكَ لِي فَطَفِقْتُ إِذَا خَرَجْتُ فِي

النَّاسِ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحْزُنُنِي أَنِّي لا أرى لِى أَسْوَةً إِلَّا رَجُلاً مَعْمُوصًا عَلَيْهِ فِي النِّفَاقِ أَوْ رَجُلاً مِمَّنْ عَذَرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى مِنَ الضُّعَفَاءِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ

تَبُوكَ فَقَالَ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي الْقَوْمِ بِتَبُوكَ مَا فَعَلَ كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكَ؟ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سَلِمَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَبَسَهُ بُرْدَاهُ وَالنَّظَرُ فِي عِطْفَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُعَادُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتَ وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْنَا

عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا خَيْرًا فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ رَأَى رَجُلاً مبيضا يزولُ بِهِ السَّرَابُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُنْ أَبَا خَيْثَمَةَ فَإِذَا هُوَ أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَهُوَ الَّذِي تَصَدِّقَ بِصَاعِ

الشَّمْرِ حِينَ لَمَزَهُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ قَالَ كَعْبٌ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ تَوَجُهَ قَافِلاً مِّنْ تَبُوكَ حَضَرَنِي بَنِى فَطَفَقْتُ أَتَذَكَّرُ الْكَذِبَ وَأَقُولُ بِمَا أَخْرُجُ مِنْ سَخَطِهِ غدًا وَاسْتَعِينُ عَلَى ذلك بكُلِّ ذي رأى مِنْ

أَهْلي فَلَمَّا قَبْلَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَظَلَّ قَادِمًا زَاحَ عَنِّى الْبَاطِلُ حَتَّى عَرَفْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَنْجُ مِنْهُ بِشَيْ أَبَدا فَأَجْمَعْتُ صِدْقَهُ وَأَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَادِمًا وَكَانَ إِذَا قَدِمَ مِنْ سَفَرٍ بَدَأَ

بِالْمَسْجِدِ فَرَكَعَ فِيهِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ لِلنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا فَعَلَ ذلِكَ جَاءَهُ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ يَعْتَذِرُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَيَحْلِفُونَ لَهُ وَكَانُوا بِضْعًا وَثَمَانِينَ رَجُلاً فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُمْ عَلَانِيَتَهُمْ وَتَابَعَهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُمْ وَوَكَلَ سَرَائِرَهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى حَتَّى جِئْتُ

فَلَمَّا سَلَّمْتُ تَبَسَّمَ تَبَسَّمَ الْمُغْضَبِ ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَ فَجِئْتُ أَمْشِي حَتَّى جَلَسْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِي مَا خَلْفَكَ أَلَمْ تَكُنْ قَدِ ابْنَعْتَ ظَهْرَكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي وَاللهِ لَوْ جَلَسْتُ عِنْدَ غَيْرِكَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا لَرَأَيْتُ إِنِّي

سَأَخْرُجُ مِنْ سَخَطِهِ بِعُذر لَقَدْ أُعْطِيتُ جَدَلاً ولكنني وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ لَئِنْ حَدَّثْتُكَ الْيَوْمَ حَدِيثَ كَذِبٍ تَرْضَى بِهِ عَنِّى لَيُوشِكَنَّ اللهُ يُسْخِطَكَ عَلَى وَإِنْ حَدَّثْتُكَ حَدِيثَ صدق تَجِدُ عَلَى فِيْهِ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو فِيْهِ عُقْبَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ

وَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ لِي مِنْ عُدْرٍ وَاللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ قَطُّ أَقْوى وَلَا أَيْسَرَ مِنِّي حِينَ تَخَلَّفْتُ عَنْكَ. قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَّا هُذَا فَقَدْ صَدَقَ فَقُمْ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ اللهُ فِيكَ وَسَارَ رِجَالٌ مِنْ بَنِي سَلِمَةَ فَاتَّبَعُونِي فَقَالُوا

لِي وَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْنَاكَ اذْنَبْتَ ذَنْبًا قَبْلَ هَذَا لَقَدْ عَجَزَتَ فِي أَنْ لَا تَكُونَ اعْتَذَرْتَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَا اعْتَذَرَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ فَقَدْ كَانَ كَافِيَكَ ذَنْبَكَ اسْتِغْفَارُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَكَ قَالَ

فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زَالُوْا يُؤْنَبُونَنِي حَتَّى أَرَدْتُ أن أرجع إلى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَكَذَبَ نَفْسِي ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَهُمْ هَلْ لقِي هَذَا مَعِيَ مِنْ أَحَدٍ ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ لَقِيَهُ مَعَكَ رَجُلَانِ قَالَا مِثْلَ مَا قُلْتَ وَقِبْلَ لَهُمَا مِثْلَ مَا قَبْلَ لَكَ قَالَ

قُلْتُ مَنْ هُمَا ؟ قَالُوا مُرَارَةُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ الْعَمْرِيُّ وَهِلَالُ بن أمية الواقفِيُّ قَالَ فَذَكَرُوا لِي رَجُلَيْنِ صَالِحَيْنِ قَدْ شَهِدًا بَدْرًا فِيْهِمَا أَسْوَةً قَالَ فَمَضَيْتُ حِيْنَ ذَكَرُوهُمَا لِي وَنَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ كَلَامِنَا أيُّهَا

الثَّلَاثَةُ مِنْ بَيْنِ مَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ قَالَ فَاجْتَنَبَنَا النَّاسُ أَوْ قَالَ تَغَيَّرُوا لَنَا حَتَّى تَنَكَّرَتْ لِي فِي نَفْسِي الْأَرْضُ فَمَا هِيَ بِالْأَرْضِ الَّتِي أَعْرِفُ فَلَبِثْنَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ خَمْسِينَ لَيْلَةً فَأَمَّا صَاحِبَايَ فَاسْتَكَانَا وَقَعَدَا فِي بُيُوتِهِمَا يَبْكِيَانِ وَأَمَّا

أَنَا فَكُنْتُ أَشَبِّ الْقَوْمِ وَأَجْلَدَهُمْ فَكُنتُ أَخْرُجُ فَأَشْهَدُ الصَّلَاةَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَاطُوْفُ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ وَلَا يُكَلِّمُنِي أَحَدٌ وَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ فَأَقُولُ فِي نَفْسِي هَلْ

حَرَّكَ شَفَتَيْهِ بِرَدِ السلام أم لا ؟ ثُمَّ أَصَلَّى قَرِيبًا مِنْهُ وَأَسَارِقُهُ النَّظَرَ فَإِذَا أَقْبَلْتُ عَلَى صَلَاتِي نَظَرَ إِلَى وَإِذَا الْتَفَتْ نَحْوَهُ أَعْرَضَ عَنِّى حَتَّى إِذَا طَالَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مِنْ جَفْوَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَشَيْتُ حَتَّى تَسَوَّرْتُ جدارَ حَائِط أَبِي

قَتَادَةَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمَى وَأَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إِلَى فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَوَاللهِ مَا رَدَّ عَلَى السَّلَامَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ أَنْشُدُكَ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمُنِي أُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَكَتَ فَعُدْتُ فَنَا شَدْتُهُ فَسَكَتَ فَعُدتُ فَنَاشَدْتُهُ

فَقَالَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَايَ وَتَوَلَّيْتُ حَتَّى تَسَورْتُ الجِدَارَ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أَمْشِي فِى سُوقِ المَدِينَةِ إِذَا نَبَطِيِّ مِّنْ نَبَطِ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ مِمَّنْ قَدِمَ بِالطَّعَامِ يَبِيعُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَقُولُ مَنْ يَدُلُّ عَلَى كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكَ؟ فَطَفِقَ النَّاسُ

يُشِيرُونَ لَهُ إِلَى حَتَّى جَاءَنِي فَدَفَعَ إِلَى كِتَابًا مِّنْ مَلِكِ غَسَّانَ وَكُنْتُ كَاتِبًا فَقَرَأْتُهُ فَإِذَا فِيْهِ : أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنَا أَنْ صَاحِبَكَ قَدْ جَفَاكَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَلُكَ اللَّهُ بِدَارِ هَوَانٍ وَلَا مَضْيَعَةٍ فَالْحَقِّ بِنَا نُوَاسِكَ فَقُلْتُ حِيْنَ قَرَأْتُهَا وَهَذِهِ

أَيْضًا مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ فَتَيَمَّمْتُ بِهَا التَّنُّورَ فَسَجَرْتُهَا حَتَّى إِذَا مَضَتْ أَرْبَعُوْنَ مِنَ الْخَمْسِينَ وَاسْتَلْبَثَ الْوَحْيُ إِذَا رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْتِيْنِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تَعْتَزِلَ امْرَأَتَكَ

فَقُلْتُ أَطَلَقُهَا أَمْ مَاذَا أَفْعَلُ؟ قَالَ لَا بَلْ اعْتَزِلُهَا فَلَا تَقْرَبَنَّهَا وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى صَاحِبَى بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ الإِمْرَاتِي الْحَقِي بِأَهْلِكِ فَكُوْنِي عِنْدَهُمْ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ اللَّهُ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَجَاءَتْ امْرَأَةُ هِلَالِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ

عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هِلَالَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ شَيْخٌ ضَائِعٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ خَادِمٌ فَهَلْ تَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَخْدُمَهُ؟ قَالَ لَا ولكن لا يَقْرَبَنَّكِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّهُ وَاللَّهِ مَا بِهِ مِنْ حَرَكَةٍ إِلَى شَيْءٍ وَوَاللَّهِ مَا زَالَ يَبْكِي مُنْذُ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا كَانَ إِلَى

يَوْمِهِ هذا فَقَالَ لِي بَعْضُ أَهْلِي لَوِ اسْتَأْذَنَتَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي امْرَأَتِكَ فَقَد أَذِنَ لِامْرَأَةِ هلال بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ أَن تَخْدُمَهُ ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَا أَسْتَأْذِنُ فِيهَا رَسُوْلَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَا يُدْرِيْنِي مَاذَا يَقُولُ رَسُولُ

اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا اسْتَأْذَنْتُهُ فِيْهَا وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ شَابٌ فَلَبِثْتُ بِذلِكَ عَشْرَ لَيَالٍ فَكَمَلَ لَنَا خَمْسُونَ لَيْلَةً مِنْ حِينَ نُهِيَ عَنْ كَلَامِنَا . ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ صَبَاحَ خَمْسِينَ لَيْلَةً عَلَى ظَهْرِ بَيْتٍ مِّنْ بُيُوتِنَا فَبَيْنَا أَنَا

جَالِسٌ عَلَى الْحَالِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى مِنَّا قَدْ ضَاقَتْ عَلَى نَفْسِي وَضَاقَتْ عَلَى الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ سَمِعْتُ صَوْتَ صَارِحْ أَوْ فِى عَلَى سَلْعِ يَقُولُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ يَا كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكِ أَبْشِرُ فَخَرَرْتُ سَاجِدًا وَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ جَاءَ

فَرَجٌ فَاذَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ النَّاسَ بِتَوْبَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْنَا حِينَ صَلَّى صَلاةَ الْفَجْرِ فَذَهَبَ النَّاسُ يُبَشِّرُونَنَا فَذَهَبَ قِبَلَ صَاحِبَي مُبَشِّرُونَ وَرَكَضَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى فَرَسًا وَسَعَى سَاعٍ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ قِبَلِي وَأَوْفَى

عَلَى الْجَبَلِ وَكَانَ الصَّوْتُ أَشْرَعَ مِنَ الْفَرَسِ فَلَمَّا جَاءَنِي الَّذِي سَمِعْتُ صَوْتَهُ يُبَشِّرُنِي نَزَعْتُ لَهُ ثَوْبَى فَكَسَوْتُهُمَا إِيَّاهُ بِبَشَارَتِهِ وَاللهِ مَا أَمْلِكُ غَيْرَهُمَا يَوْمَئِذٍ وَاسْتَعَرْتُ ثَوْبَيْنِ فَلَبِسْتُهُمَا وانْطَلَقْتُ أَتَاهُمُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى

اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَلَقَّانِي النَّاسُ فَوْجًا فَوْجًا يُهننونني بالتَّوْبَةِ وَيَقُولُونَ لِي لِتَهْنِكَ تَوْبَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ حَتَّى دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ حَوْلَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَامَ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ

يُهَرُولُ حَتَّى صَافَحَنِي وَهَنَّانِي وَاللَّهِ مَا قَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ غَيْرُهُ فَكَانَ كَعْبُ لَا يَنْسَاهَا لِطَلْحَةَ قَالَ كَعْبٌ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ وَهُوَ يَبْرُقُ وَجْهُهُ مِنَ السُّرُورِ أَبْشِرْ بِخَيْرِ يَوْمِ مَرَّ

عَلَيْكَ مُذْ وَلَدَتْكَ أُمُّكَ فَقُلْتُ مِنْ عِنْدَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ لَا بَلْ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا سُرِّ اسْتَنَارَ وَجْهُهُ حَتَّى كَانْ وَجْهَهُ قِطْعَةُ قَمَرٍ وَكُنَّا نَعْرِفُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ . ذلكَ

مِنْهُ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مِنْ تَوْبَتِي أَنْ أَنْخَلِعَ مِنْ مَالِي صَدِّقَةً إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمْسِكَ عَلَيْكَ بَعْضٍ مَالِكَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي أَمْسِكُ سَهْمِي

الَّذِي بِخَيْبَرَ وَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى إِنَّمَا أَنْجَانِي بِالصِّدْقِ وَإِنَّ مِنْ تَوْبَتِي أَنْ لَا أُحَدِّثَ إِلَّا صِدْقًا مَا بَقِيْتُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَبْلَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي صِدْقِ الْحَدِيثِ مُنْدُ ذكرت ذلك لِرَسُولِ الله صَلَّى

اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحْسَنَ مِمَّا أَبْلَانِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَاللَّهِ مَا تَعَمَّدْتُ كَذَّبَةٌ مُنْذُ قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى يَوْمِي هَذَا وَإِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَحْفَظْنِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيْمَا بَقِي . قَالَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى القَدْ تَابَ اللَّهُ

عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ فِي سَاعَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ) حَتَّى بَلَغَ : (إِنَّهُ بِهِمْ رَءُوْفٌ رَّحِيمٌ وَعَلَى الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلَفُوا حَتَّى إِذَا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ) . حَتَّى بَلَغَ : (وَاتَّقُوا اللهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ)

(التوبة : ۱۱۹-۱۱۷) قَالَ كَعْبٌ وَاللهِ مَا أَنْعَمَ اللهُ عَلَى مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ قَطُّ بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَانِي اللهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ أَعْظَمَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ صِدْقِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ لَا اكُوْنَ كَذَبْتُهُ فَأَهْلَكَ كَمَا هَلَكَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ

تَعَالَى قَالَ لِلَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا حِيْنَ أَنْزَلَ الْوَحْيَ شَرِّ مَا قَالَ لِأَحَدٍ فَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى سَيَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ لَكُمْ إِذَا انْقَلَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ لِتُعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ فَاعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌ وَمَا وَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ . يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ لِتَرْضَوْا

عَنْهُمْ فَإِنْ تَرْضَوْا عَنْهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَرْضَى عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِينَ) (التوبة : ٠٩٥ ٩٦) قَالَ كَعْبٌ كُنَّا خُلِفْنَا أَيُّهَا الثَّلاثَةُ عَنْ أَمْرِ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ قَبِلَ مِنْهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ خَلَفُوا لَهُ فَبَايَعَهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُمْ

وَأَرْجَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمْرَنَا حَتَّى قَضَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيْهِ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى (وَعَلَى الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلِفُوا ) وَلَيْسَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ مِمَّا خُلَّفْنَا تَخَلَّفْنَا عَنِ الْغَزْوِ وَأَنَّمَا هُوَ تَخْلِيفُهُ أَيَّانَا وَارْجَاؤُهُ أَمْرَنَا عَمَّنْ حَلَفَ لَهُ

وَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَبِلَ مِنْهُ -مَتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ فِي عَزْوَةٍ تَبُوكَ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ وَكَانَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ وَكَانَ لَا يَقْدَمُ مِنْ سَفَرٍ الا نهاراً فِي الضُّحَى فَإِذَا قَدِمَ بَدَأَ

بِالْمَسْجِدِ فَصَلَّى فِيْهِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ فِيْهِ.

21. Narrated from Abdullah, the son of Ka’b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). After Ka’b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) became blind, Abdullah was his guide among his sons. Abdullah says: I heard Ka’b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) speak about remaining behind and not accompanying the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the expedition to Tabuk. Ka’b said: Apart from the expedition to Tabuk, I never stayed behind from any expedition with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). However, I had also stayed behind from the expedition of Badr. But no one who failed to participate in that expedition was punished. At that time, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the Muslims had set out intending to seize the wealth of the Quraysh trade caravan. Eventually, Allah the Exalted apparently brought the Muslims face to face with their enemies at an unexpected time. When we had made a firm pledge on the night of Aqabah to remain steadfast upon Islam, I was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Although the expedition of Badr is more widely remembered among the people, I do not consider my presence at Badr dearer than my presence at Aqabah.

My failure to accompany the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) on the expedition to Tabuk came about as follows: I had never been stronger or wealthier than I was at the time of this expedition. By Allah, at the time of this expedition I had two camels, whereas before it I had not had two camels. Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) intended to go on an expedition, he would indicate it indirectly, using suggestive words rather than stating it plainly. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) went to the expedition of Tabuk during a period of extreme heat. The journey was long, the region was without food and water, and the enemy forces were numerous. Therefore, he openly announced the matter of this expedition to the Muslims so that everyone could properly prepare for it. He informed them of his intention. Many Muslim fighters accompanied the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) on this expedition. At that time there was no register in which their names could be recorded. Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Anyone who wished to conceal himself by not joining the expedition would surely think that his role would remain hidden so long as no revelation was sent down concerning him. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) set out for this expedition, the fruit on the trees had ripened and their shade had become pleasant. I was drawn to these things. Nevertheless, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the Muslims with him began preparing. I too would go out in the morning to prepare to leave with him, but I would return without doing anything, telling myself that I could do it whenever I wished. In this way, many days passed in procrastination, until the people had made strong preparations for the journey. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) set out with the Muslim fighters, but I made no preparations at all. My procrastination continued for some time, while the fighters had advanced swiftly and the expedition had drawn near. I then noticed that after the people had departed, whenever I moved among them, I could see no one in a situation like mine except those who were called hypocrites and those whom Allah had deemed incapable and weak. This situation caused me great anxiety.

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not remember me until he reached Tabuk. While sitting among the people at Tabuk, he asked, “What has Ka’b ibn Malik done?” One of the men of Banu Salimah said, “O Messenger of Allah! His cloak and the two sides of his body have kept him from coming.” Mu’adh ibn Jabal said to him, “What you have said is a bad thing.” By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, we know nothing about him except good. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) remained silent. At that moment, he saw a man dressed in white approaching through the mirage of the desert and said, “Are you Abu Khaythamah?” It turned out that he was indeed Abu Khaythamah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him). Abu Khaythamah was the man whom the hypocrites had ridiculed because he had donated one sa’ of dates. Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When I learned that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was returning from Tabuk, I became very anxious. I began thinking up false excuses and saying to myself, “How can I escape his displeasure?” I sought the help of the intelligent people in my family. Then, when news came that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was returning, the desire to lie disappeared, and I realized that nothing could save me; so I resolved firmly to tell the truth.

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) returned. Whenever he returned from a journey, he would first go to the mosque and pray two rak’ahs, then sit before the people. When he sat according to this practice, those who had not joined the expedition began presenting excuses and swearing oaths. There were more than eighty such men. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) accepted their outward statements, accepted their allegiance, asked Allah to forgive their sins, and entrusted their inner realities to Allah. Finally, I came and greeted him. He smiled the smile of an angry man, then called me near. I went and sat before him. He asked me, “Why did you remain behind? Had you not bought a mount?” Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I replied, “O Messenger of Allah, if I were sitting before anyone else among the worldly people besides you, I would have found a way to escape his displeasure with some excuse, for I possess the ability to argue. By Allah, I know that if I tell you a lie today that makes you pleased with me, Allah will soon make you displeased with me. But if I tell you the truth and you become displeased with me because of it, I hope for a good outcome from Allah. By Allah, I had no excuse. By Allah, when I remained behind and did not accompany you on this expedition, I was never stronger or wealthier than I was then.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “He has spoken the truth. Rise, then, and wait until Allah decides concerning you.”

Several men of Banu Salimah followed me and began saying to me, “By Allah, we do not know that you committed any offense before this. Could you not have presented an excuse to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) as the others did? The Messenger of Allah’s prayer for forgiveness from Allah for your sin would have been sufficient for you.” They continued reproaching me so much that I wanted to return to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and declare myself a liar. Then I asked them, “Has anything like this happened to anyone else besides me?” They said, “Yes, the same thing happened to two other men. They said what you said, and they were told what you were told.” Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I asked, “Who are those two?” They replied, “They are Murarah ibn al-Rabi’ al-‘Amiri and Hilal ibn Umayyah al-Waqifi (may Allah be pleased with them).”

Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The two men whose names the people mentioned to me were truly righteous and exemplary men, and they had participated in the expedition of Badr. Ka’b said: When the people informed me about those two, I remained firm upon my former course.

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade the people to speak to the three of us who had remained behind. Thus, everyone began keeping away from us (or they changed their attitude toward us), until the whole world became utterly unfamiliar to me. The land I knew became unfamiliar to me. We remained in this state for fifty days. My two companions confined themselves to their homes and sat there weeping. I was young and strong, so I would go out, pray with the Muslims, and move about in the markets, but no one would speak to me. After the prayer, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sat in his place, I would greet him and think to myself, “I wonder whether he moves his lips to return the greeting.” Then I would pray near him and secretly watch to see whether he looked at me. When I was occupied with my prayer, he would look at me; but when I looked toward him, he would turn his face away from me.

When this situation continued because of the Muslim community’s refusal to associate with me, I once climbed over the wall of Abu Qatadah’s garden and greeted him. By Allah, he did not return my greeting, although he was my cousin and dearest friend. I said to him, “O Abu Qatadah, I ask you by Allah: do you not know that I love Allah and His Messenger?” He remained silent. I asked him again by oath, and he remained silent. When I asked him once more by oath, he said, “Allah and His Messenger know best.” At this, tears poured from both my eyes, and I turned away after climbing back over the wall. Then, one day, while I was walking through the market of Madinah, a Syrian farmer who had come to Madinah to sell food began looking for me. The people pointed him in my direction. He came to me and handed me a letter from the king of Ghassan. I read it. It said: “We have learned that your companion (the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has treated you harshly. Allah did not create you to remain in a place of humiliation and deprivation. Come and join us; we will support you.” After reading the letter, I said, “This too is a trial for me.” I threw the letter into the oven and burned it.

Thus forty of the fifty days passed, and no revelation came down. Then one day a messenger of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came and informed me that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had ordered me to keep apart from my wife. I asked, “Should I divorce her, or what should I do?” The messenger replied, “No, you should remain apart from her and not live with her.” My other two companions were given the same message. I told my wife, “Go to your parents’ home and stay with them until Allah gives a decision concerning this matter.” The wife of Hilal ibn Umayyah came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah, Hilal ibn Umayyah is a very old man and has no servant. Would you dislike it if I served him?” He said, “No, but he must not have intercourse with you.” The wife of Umayyah said, “By Allah, he has no strength for that. By Allah, he has continued to weep over what has been happening to him until this day.” (Ka‘b said:) Someone from my family told me, “You could have sought permission from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for your wife to serve you. He permitted the wife of Hilal ibn Umayyah to serve him.” I said, “I will not seek permission for this from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Who knows what he might say if I sought his permission about it? Besides, I am a young man.”

Thus I spent another ten days. A full fifty days had passed since the prohibition against speaking to us was announced. Then, at dawn on the fiftieth day, after offering the Fajr prayer on the roof of one of my houses, I sat in the state concerning which Allah said in the Qur’an about us: my heart had become constricted, and the earth, despite its vastness, had become narrow for me.

While I was sitting in this state, I heard a man shouting from the top of Mount Sala‘. He was calling in a loud voice, “O Ka‘b! Accept the good news!” On hearing this, I fell into prostration and realized that the message of deliverance had come. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) informed everyone, after the Fajr prayer, that Allah had accepted our repentance. The people came to give us the good news. Some went to give the good news to my two companions, while another man ran and climbed the mountain. The sound of his voice reached me sooner than a horse could have. When I heard the voice of the man bringing me the good news, I took off my two garments and put them on him in joy at his announcement. By Allah, that day I had no garments besides those two. I borrowed two other garments, put them on, and set out for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). People came to meet me in groups and congratulate me on the acceptance of my repentance, saying, “Congratulations to you for Allah’s acceptance of your repentance.” At last I entered the mosque. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting with people around him. Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah rose quickly, came forward, warmly shook my hand, and congratulated me. By Allah, no other Muhajir rose besides Talhah. Ka‘b never forgot this kindness of Talhah. Ka‘b said: When I greeted the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), his face was radiant with joy. He said, “Receive the good news of the best day you have had since your birth.” I asked, “Is this good news from you or from Allah, O Messenger of Allah?” He said, “No, rather it is from Allah, the Most High.” When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was happy, his face shone and seemed like a piece of the moon; we could recognize this. Then I sat before him and said, “O Messenger of Allah, because Allah has accepted my repentance, I wish to give my wealth in charity for Allah and His Messenger.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Keep some of your wealth; that is better for you.” I said, “Then I shall keep my share of the wealth of Khaybar.” I also said, “O Messenger of Allah, Allah has delivered me because I spoke the truth. Therefore, part of my repentance is that I shall speak only the truth for the rest of my life.” By Allah, from the time I said this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I know of no other Muslim to whom Allah granted a blessing better than the blessing of speaking the truth that He granted me. By Allah, from that time until today I have never intended to tell a lie. I hope that Allah will protect me from lying for the rest of my life. He said that concerning this Allah revealed the verse: “Indeed, Allah has turned in mercy to the Prophet, the Muhajirun and the Ansar… He is Compassionate and Merciful to them. And [He also turned in mercy] to the three who were left behind, until the earth, despite its vastness, became constricted for them…”

“Fear Allah and be with those who are truthful.” (Surah At-Tawbah, 9:117–119)

Ka‘b said: By Allah, since Allah enabled me to accept Islam until this day, speaking the truth to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has been Allah’s greatest blessing for me. Had I lied to him, I would have been destroyed like the other liars. When Allah revealed about those who had offered false excuses, He condemned them in such severe words as He had never used concerning anyone else. Allah says: “When you return to them, they will swear by Allah before you, offering excuses so that you will leave them alone. So leave them alone. Indeed, they are impure, and their abode will be Hell as a recompense for what they used to do. They will swear to you so that you may be pleased with them. But even if you are pleased with them, Allah is certainly not pleased with such rebellious people.” (Surah At-Tawbah, 9:95–96)

Ka‘b said: Those who had offered false excuses by swearing oaths to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)—he accepted their excuses, accepted their pledge, and prayed for their forgiveness—whereas he postponed the decision concerning the three of us. Finally, Allah gave the decision concerning this matter. Allah’s statement, “and the three who were left behind,” does not mean that we stayed behind from the jihad. Rather, it means that our case was deferred until after those who had sworn false excuses, which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had accepted.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration states: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) set out for the expedition to Tabuk on Thursday, and he liked to travel on Thursdays. Another narration states that he would not return from a journey except before noon during the day. Whenever he returned from a journey, he would first go to the mosque, offer two rak‘ahs of prayer there, and then sit down.

۲۲- وَعَنْ أَبِي نُجَيْدِ عَمْرَانَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ الْخُزَاعِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ امْرَأَةً مِنْ جُهَيْنَة أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهِيَ حُبْلَى مِنَ الزِّنَا فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَصَبْتُ حَداً فَاقِمُهُ عَلَى فَدَعَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ

عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلِيْهَا فَقَالَ أَحْسِنُ إِلَيْهَا فَإِذَا وَضَعَتْ فَأْتِنِي فَفَعَلَ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَشُدَّتْ عَلَيْهَا ثِيَابُهَا ثُمَّ أَمَرَتِهَا فَرَحِمَتْ ثُمَّ صَلَّى عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ تُصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا يَا رَسُولَ الله وَقَدْ زَنَتُ؟ قَالَ لَقَدْ

تَابَتْ تَوْبَةً لَوْ قُسَمَتْ بَيْنَ سَبْعِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ لَوَسِعَتْهُمْ وَهَلْ وَجَدْتُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ أَنْ جَادَتْ بِنَفْسِهَا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ .

22. It is narrated from ‘Imran ibn Husayn al-Khuza‘i (may Allah be pleased with him) that a woman from the Juhaynah tribe came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) pregnant as a result of adultery and said, “O Messenger of Allah, I have committed adultery; impose the punishment on me.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called her guardian and said, “Treat her well. When she gives birth, bring her to me.” The man did so. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that she be punished for adultery. Her clothing was tied securely around her, and she was stoned to death as commanded. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the funeral prayer for her. ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, she committed adultery, yet you are performing the funeral prayer for her?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “She repented with a repentance that, if divided among seventy people of Madinah, would have sufficed for them. Is there any deed better than the repentance of a woman who willingly sacrificed her life for Allah?” (Muslim)

وَعَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادِيًا مَنْ ذَهَبٍ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ وَادِيَانِ وَلَنْ يُمْلَأُ فَاهُ إِلَّا التَّرابُ وَيَتُوبُ اللهُ عَلَى مَنْ تَابَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

23. Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If a human being possessed a valley full of gold, he would desire two more valleys for himself. Nothing fills his mouth except dust. And Allah accepts the repentance of whoever repents.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٢٤- وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَضْحَكُ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى إِلَى رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتُلُ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ يَدْخُلَانِ الْجَنَّةَ يُقَاتِلُ هَذَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَيُقْتَلُ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ اللهُ عَلَى الْقَاتِلِ فَيُسْلِمُ

فَيُسْتَشْهَدُ – متفق عليه .

24. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah will laugh at two men, one of whom kills the other, yet both enter Paradise. One fights in the way of Allah and is martyred. Then Allah accepts the repentance of his killer, who embraces Islam and is martyred [in jihad].” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Chapter 3 — Patience

সবর বা ধৈর্যধারণ

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اصْبِرُوا وَصَابِرُوا .

Allah Almighty says:

“O believers! Be patient and persevere in patience.” (Surah Al ‘Imran, 3:200)

Allah Almighty says:

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَلَنَبْلُونَكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِّنَ الْخَوْفِ وَالْجُوعِ وَنَقْصٍ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَنْفُسِ وَالثَّمَرَاتِ وَبَشِّرِ الصَّابِرِينَ .

“We will certainly test you with something of fear and hunger, and loss of wealth, lives, and crops. And give glad tidings to those who patiently endure.” (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:155)

Allah Almighty says:

وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : إِنَّمَا يُوَفِّى الصَّابِرُوْنَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ .

“Those who patiently endure will be given their reward in full, without measure.” (Surah Az-Zumar, 39:10)

He also says:

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَلَمَنْ صَبَرَ وَغَفَرَ إِنْ ذَلِكَ لَمِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ .

“Indeed, whoever patiently endures and forgives—that is truly a matter of firm resolve.” (Surah Ash-Shura, 42:43)

Allah Almighty says:

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : اسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ وَالصَّلوةِ إِنَّ اللهَ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ .

“Seek help through patience and prayer. Surely Allah is with those who patiently endure.” (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:153)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَلَنَبْلُونَكُمْ حَتَّى نَعْلَمَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَالصَّابِرِينَ .

Allah Almighty says:

“We will certainly test you so that We may distinguish those among you who strive [in Allah’s cause] and those who patiently endure.” (Surah Muhammad, 47:31)

Many other well-known verses concerning patience and its virtues have likewise been mentioned in the Qur’an.

٢٥ – وَعَنْ أَبِي مَالِكَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَاصِمِ الْأَشْعَرِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الطَّهُورُ شَطْرُ الْإِيْمَانِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ تَمْلَأُ الْمِيزَانَ وَسُبْحَانَ الله وَالْحَمْدُ لله تَمْلَأَنْ أَوْ تَمْلَا مَا بَيْنَ السَّمواتِ وَالْأَرْضِ

وَالصَّلاةُ نُورٌ والصَّدَقَةُ بُرْهَانٌ وَالصَّبْرُ ضِيَاءٌ وَالْقُرْآنُ حُجَّةً لَكَ أَوْ عَلَيْكَ كُلُّ النَّاسِ يَغْدُو فَبَائِعٌ نَفْسَهُ فَمُعِتْقُهَا أَوْ مُؤْثِقُهَا رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ .

25. Abu Malik al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Purification is half of faith. ‘All praise is due to Allah’ fills the Scale, and ‘Glory be to Allah’ and ‘All praise is due to Allah’ fill—or fills—all that is between the heavens and the earth. Prayer is light, charity is proof, patience is illumination, and the Qur’an is an argument for you or against you. Every person rises in the morning and sells himself, thereby freeing himself or destroying himself.” (Muslim) [The meaning of the final statement is that if a person fully submits himself to Allah and works for the Hereafter, he will attain salvation; but if he does not do so and submits himself to his desires or to someone else, working for worldly interests, he will be ruined. (Translator)]

٢٦ – وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ سِنَانِ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ نَاسًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ ثُمَّ سَأَلَوْهُ فَأَعْطَاهُمْ حَتَّى نَفِدَ مَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ حِيْنَ أَنْفَقَ كُلَّ شَيْ

بِيَدِهِ مَا يَكُنْ عِنْدِي مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلَنْ ادْخِرَهُ عَنْكُمْ وَمَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْ يُعِفُهُ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْنِ يُغْنِهِ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يتصبر يُصَبَرْهُ اللهُ وَمَا أَعْطَى أَحَدٌ عَطَاءٌ خَيْراً وأَوْسَعَ مِنَ الصبر – متفق عليه.

26. Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: Some people from the Ansar asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for help, and he gave them something. They asked again, and he gave them something again, until everything he had was exhausted. After giving away everything in his possession, he said to them: “Whatever wealth comes to me, I will not withhold it from you and store it away. Whoever seeks chastity, Allah will grant him chastity. Whoever seeks independence from people, Allah will make him self-sufficient. Whoever strives to be patient, Allah will grant him patience. No one has been given anything better or more abundant than patience.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

۲۷- وَعَنْ أَبِي يَحْيَى صُهَيْبِ بْنِ سَنَانٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَجَبًا لِأَمْرِ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَنْ أَمْرَهُ كُلَّهُ لَهُ خَيْرٌ وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ لأحد الا لِلْمُؤْمِنِ إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ سَرَاءُ شَكَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ ضَرَاءُ

صَبَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ .

27. Suhayb ibn Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “How remarkable is the affair of the believer! All of his affairs are good, and this is not true for anyone except the believer. If something pleasing happens to him, he gives thanks to Allah, and that is good for him. If something harmful happens to him, he is patient, and that is also good for him.” (Muslim)

۲۸ – وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا ثَقُلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَعَلَ يَتَغَشَاهُ الْكَرْبُ فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا وَأَكَرْبَ أَبْنَاهُ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى أَبِيكِ كَرْبُ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فَلَمَّا مَاتَ قَالَتْ يَا ابْنَاهُ أَجَابَ رَبَّا دَعَاهُ يَا

آبَنَاهُ جَنَّةً الْفِرْدَوسُ مَأْوَاهُ يَا ابْنَاهُ إِلَى جِبْرِيلَ نَنْعَاهُ فَلَمَّا دُفِنَ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ رَضِيا الله عَنْهَا أَطَابَتْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَنْ تَحْتُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ التَّرَابَ؟ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

28. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became seriously ill, the agony of illness began to overwhelm him. Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) said, “What suffering my father is in!” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Your father will suffer no more after today.” When he passed away, Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) said, “O my father, he has answered the call of his Lord and departed. O my father, Paradise is your abode! O my father, we announce your passing to Jibril.” After his burial, she said, “Did your hearts allow you to cast soil upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?” (Al-Bukhari)

۲۹- وَعَنْ أَبِي زَيْدٍ أَسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَحَبَّهِ وَابْنِ حِبَّهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ أَرْسَلَتْ بِنْتُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ ابْنِي قَدْ احْتُضِرَ فَشْهَدْنَا فَأَرْسَلَ يُقْرِئُ السَّلَامَ

وَيَقُولُ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا أَخَذَ وَلَهُ مَا أَعْطَى وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِنْدَهُ بِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَلْتَصْبِرُ وَلْتَحْتَسِبُ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ تُقْسِمُ عَلَيْهِ لَيَأْتِيَنَّهَا فَقَامَ وَمَعَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ وَمُعَادُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ وَأَبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَرِجَالٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ

فَرُفِعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّبِيُّ فَأَقْعَدَهُ فِي حِجْرِهِ وَنَفْسُهُ تَقَعْقَعُ فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ يَا رَسُولَ الله ه ما مَا هذا ؟ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ رَحْمَةٌ جَعَلَهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي قُلُوبِ عِبَادِهِ. وَفِي روايَةٍ فِي قُلُوبِ مَنْ

شَاءَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ وَإِنَّمَا يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الرُّحَمَاءَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَمَعْنَى تَفَعَقَعُ تَتَحَرَكَ وَتَضْطَرِبُ .

29. Usamah (may Allah be pleased with him), son of Zayd ibn Harithah, the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), narrated: One of the daughters of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent word that her son was near death and asked him to come to her. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) conveyed his greetings through the messenger and said: “Indeed, whatever Allah takes belongs to Him, and whatever He gives belongs to Him. Everything with Him has an appointed term. So be patient and hope for reward from Allah.” She sent someone to urge him by oath to come to her. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) then rose and went there with Sa‘d ibn ‘Ubadah, Mu‘adh ibn Jabal, Ubayy ibn Ka‘b, Zayd ibn Thabit, and several other people. Then the child was brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who seated him on his lap. At that moment, the child’s soul was struggling [in the agony of death], and tears began to flow from the eyes of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) asked, “What is this, O Messenger of Allah?” He said, “This is mercy that Allah has placed in the hearts of His servants.” Another narration states: “In the heart of whichever of His servants He wills.” And Allah grants mercy to His merciful servants.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٠- وَعَنْ صُهَيْبٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ كَانَ مَلِكَ فِيمَنْ قَبْلَكُمْ وَكَانَ لَهُ سَاحِرٌ فَلَمَّا كَبِرَ قَالَ لِلْمَلِكِ إِنِّي قَدْ كَبِرْتُ فَابْعَثْ إِلَى غُلَامًا أَعَلِمُهُ السِّحْرَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ غُلَامًا يُعَلِّمُهُ وَكَانَ فِي

طَرِيقِهِ إِذَا سَلَكَ راهِبٌ فَقَعَدَ إِلَيْهِ وَسَمِعَ كَلَامَهُ فَأَعْجَبَهُ وَكَانَ إِذَا أَتَى السَّاحِرَ مَرَّ بِالرَّاهِبِ وَقَعَدَ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا أَتَى السَّاحِرَ ضَرَبَهُ فَشَكَا ذَلِكَ إِلى الرَّاهِبِ فَقَالَ إِذَا خَشِيْتَ السَّاحِرَ فَقُل حَبَسَنِي أَهْلِي وَإِذَا خَشِيْتَ أَهْلَكَ فَقُلْ

حَبَسَنِي السَّاحِرُ. فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ عَلَى ذلِكَ إِذْ أَتَى عَلَى دَابَّةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ قَدْ حَبَسَتِ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ الْيَوْمَ أعلمُ السَّاحِرُ أَفْضَلُ أم الرَّاهِبُ أَفْضَلُ؟ فَأَخَذَ حَجَرًا فَقَالَ اللَّهُمْ إِنْ كَانَ أَمْرُ الراهب أحب إِلَيْكَ مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّاحِرِ فَاقْتُلْ هَذِهِ

الدَّابَّةَ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ النَّاسُ فَرَمَاهَا فَقَتَلَهَا وَمَضَى النَّاسُ فَأَتَى الرَّاهِبَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّاهِبُ أَيْ بُنَيَّ أَنْتَ الْيَوْمَ أَفْضَلُ مِنِّي قَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ أَمْرِكَ مَا أَرَى وَإِنَّكَ سَتُبْتَلَى فَإِنِ ابْتُلِيْتَ فَلَا تَدلُّ عَلَى وَكَانَ الْغُلامُ يُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ

وَالْأَبْرَصَ وَيُدَاوِي النَّاسَ مِنْ سَائِرِ الْأَدْوَاءِ فَسَمِعَ جَلِيْسَ لِلْمَلِكِ كَانَ قَدْ عَمِي فَآتَاهُ بِهَدَايَا كَثِيرَةٍ فَقَالَ مَا هُهُنَا لَكَ أَجْمَعُ إِنْ أَنْتَ شَفَيْتَنِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَا أَشْفِي أَحَدًا إِنَّمَا يَشْفِي اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَإِنْ أَمَنْتَ بِاللَّهِ تَعَالَى

دَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ فَشَفَاكَ فَأَمَنَ بِاللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَشَفَاهُ اللَّهُ فَآتَى الْمَلِكَ فَجَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا كَانَ يَجْلِسُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ مَنْ رَدَّ عَلَيْكَ بَصَرَكَ ؟ قَالَ رَبِّي قَالَ أَولَكَ رَبِّ غَيْرِي ؟ قَالَ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكَ اللهُ فَأَخَذَهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُعَذِّبُهُ حَتَّى دَلْ عَلَى

الْغُلَامِ فَجِيَّ بِالْغُلامِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ أَي بُنَى قَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ سِحْرِكَ مَا تُبْرِئُ الْأَكْمَهَ وَالْأَبْرَصَ وَتَفْعَلُ وَتَفْعَلُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَا أَشْفِى أَحَدًا إِنَّمَا يَشْفِي اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَأَخَذَهُ فَلَم يَزَلْ يُعَذِّبُهُ حَتَّى دَل عَلَى الرَّاهِبِ فَجِيَّ بِالرَّاهِبِ فَقِيلَ

لَهُ ارْجِعْ عَنْ دِينِكَ فَأَبَى فَدَعَا بِالْمِنْشَارِ فَوُضِعَ الْمِنْشَارُ فِي مُفْرَقِ رَأْسِهِ فَشَقَّهُ حَتَّى وَقَعَ شِقًّاهُ ثُمَّ جِيءَ بِجَلِيسِ الْمَلِكِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ ارْجِعُ عَنْ دِينِكَ فَأَبَى فَوُضِعَ الْمِنْشَارُ فِي مَفْرَقِ رَأْسِهِ فَشَقَّهُ بِهِ حَتَّى وَقَعَ شِقًّاهُ ثُمَّ

جِيءَ بِالْغُلَامِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ ارْجِعُ عَنْ دِينِكَ فَأَبِي فَدَفَعَهُ إلى نَفَرٍ مِّنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ اذْهَبُوا به الى جَبَلٍ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَاصْعَدُوا بِهِ الْجَبَلَ فَإِذَا بَلَغْتُمْ ذِرْوَتَهُ فَإِنْ رَجَعَ عَنْ دِينِهِ وَإِلا فَاطْرَحُوهُ فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ فَصَعِدُوا بِهِ الْجَبْلَ فَقَالَ

اللَّهُمَّ اكْفِنِيْهِمْ بِمَا شِئْتَ فَرَجَفَ بِهِمُ الْجَبَلُ فَسَقَطُوا وَجَاءَ يَمْشِي إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ مَا فُعِلَ بِأَصْحَابِكَ؟ فَقَالَ كَفَانِيهِمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ اذْهَبُوا بِهِ فَاحْمِلُوهُ فِي قُرْقُورٍ وَتَوَسَطُوا بِهِ

الْبَحْرَ فَإِنْ رَجَعَ عَنْ دِينِهِ وَإِلَّا فَاقْذِفُوهُ فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اكْفِنِيْهِمْ بِمَا شِئْتَ فَانْكَفَاتْ بِهِمُ السَّفِينَةُ فَغَرِقُوا وَجَاءَ يَمْشِي إِلَى الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ مَا فُعِلَ بِأَصْحَابِكَ؟ فَقَالَ كَفَانِيْهِمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ لِلْمَلِكِ إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ

بِقَاتِلِي حَتَّى تَفْعَلَ مَا أَمْرُكَ بِهِ قَالَ مَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ تَجْمَعُ النَّاسَ فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ وَتَصْلُبُنِي عَلَى جِذْعِ ثُمَّ خُذْ سَهُما مِنْ كِنَانَتِي ثُمَّ ضَعِ السَّهُم فِي كَبِدِ الْقَوْسِ ثُمَّ قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْغُلَامِ ثُمَّ ارْمنِي فَإِنَّكَ إِذا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ

قَتَلْتَنِي فَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ فِي صَعِيدٍ واحدٍ وَصَلَبَُ عَلَى جَزْعٍ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ سَهُمَا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ السَّهُمْ فِي كَبِدِ الْقَوْسِ ثُمَّ قَالَ بسْمِ اللهِ رَبِّ الْغُلامِ ثُمَّ رَمَاهُ فَوَقَعَ السَّهُمُ فِي صُدْغِهِ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ فِي صُدْغِهِ فَمَاتَ فَقَالَ

النَّاسُ أَمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْغُلَامِ فَأُتِيَ الْمَلِكُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَرَأَيْتَ مَا كُنْتَ تَحْذَرُ قَدْ وَالله نَزَلَ بِكَ حَذَرُكَ قَدْ أَمَنَ النَّاسُ فَأَمَرَ بِالْأَخْدُودِ بِأَفْوَاهِ السَّكَكَ فَخُدَّتْ وَأَضْرِمَ فِيهَا النَّيْرَانُ وَقَالَ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ عَنْ دِيْنِهِ فَأَقْحِمُوهُ فِيهَا أَوْ قِيْلَ لَهُ اقْتَحِمْ

فَفَعَلُوا حَتَّى جَاءَتْ امْرَأَةً وَمَعَهَا صَبِي لَهَا فَتَقَاعَسَتْ أَنْ تَقَعَ فِيْهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا الْغُلَامُ يَا أُمَّهُ اصْبِرِى فَإِنَّكَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ ذِرْوَةُ الْجَبَلِ أَعْلاهُ هِيَ بِكَسْرِ الدَّالِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَضَمِهَا وَالْقُرْقُورُ بِضَمَ الْقَافَيْنِ نوع مِنَ السُّفْنِ

وَالصَّعِيدُ هُنَا الْأَرْضُ الْبَارِزَةُ وَالْأَخْدُودُ الشَّقُوقُ فِي الْأَرْضِ كالنهر الصغيرِ وَأَضْرِمَ أُوقَدَ وَانْكَفَاتُ أَي انْقَلَبَتْ وَتَقَاعَسَتْ تَوَقَّفَتْ وَجَنَتْ .

30. Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Among the people who lived before you, there was a king who had a magician. When the magician grew old, he said to the king, “I have grown old, so send a boy to me. I will teach him magic.” The king sent a boy to him to learn magic. On the road he traveled, there lived a Christian ascetic. The boy would sit with him and listen to his words, and he became fascinated by them. Thus, whenever he went to the magician, he would sit with the ascetic on the way. When he came to the magician, the magician would beat him. The boy complained about this to the ascetic. He said, “When you fear that the magician will question you, tell him, ‘My family kept me back.’ And when you fear your family, tell them, ‘The magician kept me back.’” One day, in this situation, a huge, ferocious beast came and blocked the people’s path. The boy then said to himself, “Today I will find out whether the ascetic is superior or the magician.” So he took a piece of stone and said, “O Allah, if the work of the ascetic is more beloved to You than the work of the magician, then kill this beast so that the people may travel.” Then he threw the stone, and the beast was killed by it, so the people continued on their way. He then came to the ascetic and informed him of what had happened. The ascetic said to him, “My dear son, today you are better than I am. Your situation has now reached a special stage in my view. You will soon be put to a trial. If you are tested, do not disclose my whereabouts.” The boy used to cure those born blind and those suffering from leprosy, and he treated all kinds of illnesses. One of the king’s courtiers had become blind. Hearing of this, he came to the boy with many gifts and said, “I offer you all these gifts because you will cure me.” The boy said, “I do not cure anyone; Allah alone grants healing. If you believe in Allah, I will supplicate Allah to grant you healing.” He then believed in Allah, and Allah granted him healing. He returned to the king’s court as before. The king asked him, “Who restored your eyesight?” He replied, “My Lord.” The king said, “Do you have a lord besides me?” He said, “Allah is your Lord and my Lord.” The king then arrested him and began punishing him until he disclosed the boy’s identity. The boy was brought in, and the king said to him, “Boy, I have been told about your magic: that you cure those born blind and those suffering from leprosy, and that you do many other things.” The boy replied, “I do not cure anyone.”

Healing is granted only by Allah. The king arrested him as well and began punishing him until he disclosed the ascetic’s identity. The ascetic was brought in and told to renounce his religion, but he refused. The king then ordered a saw to be brought. It was placed in the middle of his head and he was sawn apart until he fell in two pieces. Then the king’s courtier was brought in. He too was told to renounce his religion, but he refused, so he was sawn apart through the middle of his head until he fell in two pieces. Then the boy was brought in. He too was told to renounce his religion, but he refused. The king handed him over to some of his companions and said, “Take him to such-and-such a mountain and climb it with him. When you reach its highest peak, if he renounces his religion, then all is well; otherwise throw him down from there.” They took him and climbed the mountain. He said, “O Allah, deliver me from them in whatever manner You will.” Then the mountain shook, and they fell down, while he came to the king. The king asked him, “What happened to your companions?” He replied, “Allah is sufficient for me against them.” The king then handed him over to some other companions and said, “Take him in a small boat to the middle of the sea. If he does not renounce his religion, throw him into it.” They took him away. The boy said, “O Allah, deliver me from them in whatever manner You will.” Then the boat capsized with them, and they all drowned, while the boy returned to the king. The king asked him, “What happened to your companions?” He replied, “Allah has been sufficient to save me from them.” Then he said to the king, “You will not be able to kill me unless you do what I command you.” The king asked, “What is that?” He said, “Gather the people in an open field. Then raise me upon a stake, take an arrow from my quiver, place it in the middle of the bow, and say, ‘In the name of Allah, the Lord of the boy’—meaning, ‘I shoot this arrow in the name of the Allah who is the boy’s Lord’—then shoot it. If you do that, you will be able to kill me.” The king then gathered the people in an open field, raised the boy upon a stake, took an arrow from his quiver, placed it in the middle of the bow, said, “In the name of Allah, the Lord of the boy,” and shot the arrow at him. The arrow struck the boy’s head near his ear. He placed his hand there and then died. The people began saying, “We believe in Allah, the Lord of the boy.” This news reached the king, and he was told, “By Allah, what you feared has happened: all the people have believed in Allah.” The king then ordered trenches to be dug beside the roads. They were dug and filled with fire. The king announced, “Throw into it anyone who does not renounce his religion.” Those who did not renounce their religion were thrown into the fire. Finally, a woman came with her child. When she hesitated to enter the fire, the child said, “Mother, be patient; you are indeed upon the truth.” (Muslim)

٣١- وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِامْرَأَةٍ تَبْكِي عِنْدَ قَبْرٍ فَقَالَ اتَّقِى اللهَ وَاصْبِرِي فَقَالَتْ إِلَيْكَ عَنِّى فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَبْ بِمُصِيبَتِي وَلَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ فَقَبْلَ لَهَا إِنَّهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاتَتْ

بَابَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُ عِندَهُ بَوابِينَ فَقَالَتْ لَمْ أَعْرِفُكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا الصبر عند الصدمة الأولى – متفق عليه وفي رِوَايَةٍ المُسلِمِ تَبْكِي عَلَى صَبِي لَهَا .

31. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed by a woman who was sitting and weeping beside a grave. He said, “Fear Allah and be patient.” She said, “Leave me alone”—that is, let me weep—“for you have not suffered the calamity I have suffered.” She did not recognize him. She was told, “This is the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).” The woman came to the door of the Prophet’s house and found no guard there. She said, “I did not recognize you.” The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “Patience is only at the first shock.” (Bukhari and Muslim) One narration by Muslim states that she was weeping for one of her young sons.

٣٢- وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمُؤْمِنِ عِنْدِي جَزَاءً إِذَا قَبَضْتُ صَفِيَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ يَقُولُ اللهُ تَعَالَى مَا لِعَبْدِي الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ احْتَسَبَهُ إِلَّا الْجَنَّةَ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

32. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Allah says, “For My believing servant, when I take away his beloved one from this world and he patiently seeks reward, there is no reward with Me for him other than Paradise.” (Bukhari)

– وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا سَأَلَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الطَّاعُونِ فَأَخْبَرَهَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ عَذَابًا يَبْعَثُهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى مَن يَشَاءُ فَجَعَلَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى رَحْمَةً لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ عَبْدِ يَقَعُ فِي الطَّاعُوْنِ

فَيَمْكُثُ فِي بَلَدِهِ صابرا مُحْتَسِبًا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يُصِيبُهُ إِلا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ إِلَّا كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ الشَّهِيدِ رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيُّ .

33. Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated: She asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about the plague. He said, “It was a punishment from Allah, which He sends upon whomever He wills. He has made it a mercy for the believers. If a believing servant is afflicted by the plague and remains in his locality with patience, seeking reward, knowing that only what Allah has decreed for him will befall him, he will receive the reward of a martyr.” (Bukhari)

٣٤ – وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ قَالَ إِذَا ابْتَلَيْتُ عَبْدِى بِحَبِيبَتَيْهِ فَصَبَرَ عَوْضْتُهُ مِنْهُمَا الْجَنَّةَ يُرِيدُ عَيْنَيْهِ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.

34. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say that the Most Majestic Allah said: “When I test My servant through his two beloved things”—that is, I take away the sight of his two eyes—“and he is patient, I grant him Paradise in exchange for them.” (Bukhari)

٣٥ – وَعَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَلَا أُرِيكَ امرأةً مِنْ أهْل الْجَنَّة ؟ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ هذه الْمَرْأَةُ السوداء أنتِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ أَنِّي أَصْرَعُ وَإِنِّي أَتَكَشَفُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لِي

قَالَ إِنْ شِئْتِ صبرت ولكِ الْجَنَّةُ وَإِنْ شِئْتِ دَعَوْتُ اللهَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يُعَافِيَكِ فَقَالَتْ أَصْبِرُ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي أَتَكَشْفُ فَادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ لَا أَتَكَشُفَ فَدَعَا لَهَا – متفق عليه .

35. Ata ibn Rabah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated: Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said to me, “Shall I show you a woman from the people of Paradise?” I said, “Yes.” He said, “This black woman”—and he pointed to her—“came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said, ‘I suffer from epilepsy, and during a seizure my body becomes exposed. Supplicate to Allah on my behalf.’ He said, ‘If you wish, you may be patient and you will have Paradise; or if you wish, I will supplicate Allah Almighty to cure you.’ She said, ‘I will be patient, but supplicate to Allah that my body does not become exposed.’ So he supplicated for her.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

٣٦ – وَعَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَأَنِّي انْظُرُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحْكِي نَبِيًّا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ وَسَلَامُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ضَرَبَهُ قَوْمُهُ فَادْمَوْهُ وَهُوَ يَمْسَحُ الدِّمَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ

يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِقَوْمِي فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ متفق عليه

36. Abdullah ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: It is as though I can see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) relating the story of one of the Prophets. His people beat him and made him bleed, while he wiped the blood from his face and said, “O Allah, forgive my people, for they do not know.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

۳۷- وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَآبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا يُصِيبُ الْمُسْلِمَ مِنْ نَصَبَ وَلَا وَصَبَ وَلَا هُمْ وَلَا حَزَنٍ وَلَا أَذًى وَلَا غَم حَتَّى الشَّوْكَةُ يُشَاكُهَا إِلَّا كَفَرَ اللَّهُ بِهَا مِنْ خَطَايَاهُ – متفق

عليه والْوَصَبُ الْمَرَضُ .

37. Abu Said and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: No fatigue, illness, anxiety, distress, harm, or grief afflicts a Muslim servant—even a thorn that pricks him—except that Allah expiates some of his sins because of it. (Bukhari and Muslim)

۳۸- وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يُوعَكَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّكَ تُوعَكُ وَعْكَاً شَدِيدًا قَالَ أَجَلْ إِنِّي أَوْعَكَ كَمَا يُوْعَكُ رَجُلانِ مِنْكُمْ قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ لَكَ أَجْرَيْنِ ؟ قَالَ أَجَلُ

ذَلِكَ كَذَلِكَ مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يُصِيبُهُ أَذًى شَوْكَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا إِلَّا كَفْرَ اللَّهُ بِهَا سَيِّئَاتِهِ وَحُطَّتْ عَنْهُ ذُنُوبُهُ كَمَا تَحُطُّ الشَّجَرَةُ وَرَقَهَا – متفق عليه وَالْوَعْكُ مَغْتُ الْحُمَّى وَقِيلَ الْحُمَى.

38. Ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while he was suffering from a fever. I said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, you are suffering from a very severe fever.” He said, “Yes, I suffer from a fever as severe as that of two men among you”—that is, the heat caused by the fever of two of you is equal to the heat of my fever alone.

I said, “Is that because you receive a double reward?” He said, “Yes, exactly.” Whenever a Muslim servant suffers from something painful, whether a thorn or something even more painful, Allah surely forgives his sins because of it, and his minor sins fall away like the leaves of a tree. (Bukhari and Muslim)

٣٩- وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ يُرِدِ اللهُ بِهِ خَيْرًا يُصِبْ مِنْهُ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَضَبَطُوْا يُصَبْ بِفَتْحِ الصَّادِ وَكَسْرِهَا .

39. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “When Allah intends good for someone, He afflicts him with trials.” (Bukhari)

٤٠ – وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَا يَتَمَنَّيَنْ أَحَدُكُمُ الْمَوْتَ لِضُرٍّ أَصَابَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا بُدَّ فَاعِلاً فَلْيَقُلُ اللَّهُمَّ أَحْيَنِي مَا كَانَتِ الْحَيَاةُ خَيْرًا لِي وَتَوَفَّنِي إِذَا كَانَتِ الْوَفَاةُ خَيْراً لِي – متفق

عليه .

40. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “None of you should wish for death because of an affliction or hardship that has befallen him. If he must do so, let him say: ‘O Allah, keep me alive as long as life is better for me, and cause me to die when death is better for me.’” (Bukhari and Muslim)

٤١ – وَعَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ خَبَّابِ بْنِ الْأَرَةِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ شَكَوْنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ مُتَوَسِدُ بُرْدَةً لَهُ فِي ظِلِّ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقُلْنَا أَلَا تَسْتَنْصِرُ لَنَا أَلَا تَدْعُو لَنَا ؟ فَقَالَ قَدْ كَانَ مَنْ قَبْلَكُمْ يُؤْخَذُ الرَّجُلُ

فَيُحْفَرُ لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيُجْعَلُ فِيهَا ثُمَّ يَؤْتَى بِالْمِنْشَارِ فَيُوضَعُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَيُجْعَلُ نِصْفَيْنِ وَيُمْشَطَ بِامْشَاطَ الْحَدِيدِ مَا دُونَ لَحْمِهِ وَعَظْمِهِ مَا يَصُدُّهُ ذَلِكَ عَنْ دِينِهِ وَاللَّهِ حَضْرَمُوْتَ لَا يَخَافُ ليُتِمَّنَّ اللَّهُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ حَتَّى يَسِيرَ

الرَّاكِبُ مِنْ صَنْعَاءَ إِلَى . إلا الله والذِّنْبَ عَلَى غَنَمِهِ وَلَكِنَّكُمْ تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ وَهُوَ متوسد بُردَةً وَقَدْ لَقِينَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ شِدَّةٌ .

41. Abu Abdullah Khabbab ibn al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: We complained to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about the opposition of the disbelievers of Makkah. At that time, he was reclining in the shade of the Kaaba with his cloak beneath his head. We said, “Will you not seek Allah’s help for us? Will you not supplicate for us?” He said, “People before you would be seized, a pit would be dug for them in the ground, and they would be placed in it. Then a saw would be brought, placed upon their heads, and they would be split into two. Their flesh and bones would then be combed apart with iron combs. Yet this would not turn them away from their religion. By Allah, He will certainly establish this religion completely, until a rider travels from Sana’a to Hadramawt, fearing nothing except Allah and the wolf for his flock. But you are being impatient.”

Another narration states: He had placed his cloak beneath his head, and we were suffering greatly at the hands of the polytheists. (Bukhari)

٤٢ – وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ حُنَيْنٍ أَثَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَاسًا فِي الْقِسْمَةِ فَاعْطَى الْأَقْرَعَ بْنَ حَابِسٍ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وأعطى عُيَيْنَةَ بْنَ حِصْنٍ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَاعْطَى نَاسًا مِنْ أَشْرَافِ

الْعَرَبِ وَأَثَرَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ فِي الْقِسْمَةِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذِهِ قِسْمَةٌ مَا عُدِلَ فِيْهَا وَمَا أُرِيدَ فِيْهَا وَجْهُ اللهِ فَقُلْتُ وَاللهِ لأَخْبِرَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَآتَيْتُهُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ فَتَغَيْرَ وَجْهُهُ حَتَّى كَانَ كَالصِرْفِ ثُمَّ قَالَ

فَمَنْ يُعْدِلُ إِذَا لَمْ يَعْدِلُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَرْحَمُ اللهُ مُوسَى قَدْ أَوَذِي بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ هَذَا فَصَبَرَ فَقُلْتُ لَا جَرَمَ لَا أَرْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَهَا حَدِيثًا – متفق عليه وَقُولُهُ كَالصِّرْفِ هُوَ بِكَسْرِ الصَّادِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَهُوَ صِبْغَ أَحْمَرُ .

42. Abdullah ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: At the Battle of Hunayn, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave some people larger shares of the spoils to win over the new Muslims. He gave Al-Aqra ibn Habis one hundred camels, and gave Uyainah ibn Hisn the same number. He also gave larger shares to the prominent people of Arabia. A man then said, “By Allah, this distribution was not just, and Allah’s pleasure was not intended by it.” I said, “By Allah, I will certainly inform the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) of this.” So I went to him and informed him of the man’s comment. The color of his noble face changed and became red. He said, “Who will be just if Allah and His Messenger are not just?” Then he said, “May Allah have mercy on Moses. He was harmed even more than this, yet he remained patient.” I said to myself, “After this, I will never convey such a statement to him again.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ اللهُ بِعَبْدِهِ خَيْرًا عَجَلَ لَهُ الْعُقُوبَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِذَا أَرَادَ بِعَبْدِهِ الشَّرِّ أَمْسَكَ عَنْهُ بِذَنْبِهِ حَتَّى يُوَافِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ. وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ

وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ عِظَمَ الْجَزَاءِ مَعَ عِظَمِ الْبَلَاءِ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى إِذَا أَحَبٌ قَوْمًا إِبْتَلَاهُمْ فَمَنْ رَضِيَ فَلَهُ الرِّضَا وَمَنْ سَخِطَ فَلَهُ السُّخْطُ ررَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

43. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When Allah intends good for one of His servants, He hastens the punishment for his sins in this world. But when He intends otherwise for one of His servants, He refrains from punishing him for his sins in this world, and ultimately administers his full punishment on the Day of Resurrection. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) further said: The greater the hardship, the greater the reward. When Allah loves a people, He tests them. Whoever is content with the test earns Allah’s pleasure, while whoever is displeased earns Allah’s displeasure.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and classified it as hasan.

٤٤- وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ ابْنُ لِأَبِي طَلْحَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَشْتَكِي فَخَرَجَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ فَقُبِضَ الصَّبِيُّ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ قَالَ مَا فَعَلَ ابْنِي؟ قَالَتْ أَمْ سُلَيْمٍ وَهِيَ أُمُّ الصَّبِيِّ هُوَ أَسْكَنُ مَا كَانَ فَقَرَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ

الْعَشَاءَ فَتَعَشَى ثُمَّ أَصَابَ مِنْهَا فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَتْ وَارُوا الصَّبِيِّ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ أَعَرَّسْتُمُ اللَّيْلَةَ ۚ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ اللهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمَا فَوَلَدَتْ غُلَامًا فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو طَلْحَةَ

احْمِلُهُ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ بِهِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبَعَثَ مَعَهُ بِتَمَرَاتِ فَقَالَ آمَعَهُ شَيْ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ تَمَرَاتُ فَأَخَذَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَضَغَهَا ثُمَّ أَخَذَهَا مِنْ فِيْهِ فَجَعَلَهَا فِي فِي الصبي ثُمَّ حَنْكَهُ وَسَمَّاهُ عَبْدَ

اللَّهِ مَتَّفَقَ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ قَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَرَأَيْتُ تِسْعَةَ أَوْلاد. كُلُّهُمْ قَدْ قَرَمُوا الْقُرْآنَ يَعْنِي مِنْ أَوْلَادِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمَوْلُودِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمِ مَاتَ ابْنُ لِأَبِي طَلْحَةَ مِنْ أَمْ سُلَيْمٍ فَقَالَتْ لِأَهْلِهَا

لَا تُحَدِّثُوا آبَا طَلْحَةَ بِابْنِهِ حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَنَا أُحَدِثُهُ فَجَاءَ فَقَرِّبَتْ إِلَيْهِ عَشَاءُ فَأَكَلَ وَشَرِبَ ثُمَّ تَصَنْعَتْ لَهُ أَحْسَنَ مَا كَانَتْ تَصَنْعُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَوَقَعَ بِهَا فَلَمَّا أَنْ رَآتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ شَبِعَ وَأَصَابَ مِنْهَا قَالَتْ يَا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنْ قَوْمًا أَعَارُوا

عَارِبَتَهُمْ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ فَطَلَبُوا عَارِيَتَهُمُ الهُمْ أَنْ يَمْنَعُوهُمْ ؟ قَالَ لَا فَقَالَتْ فَاحْتَسِبْ ابْنَكَ قَالَ فَغَضِبَ ثُمَّ قَالَ تَرَكْتُنِي حَتَّى إِذَا تَلَطَّحْتُ ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَتِنِي بِابْنِي؟ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاخْبَرَهُ بِمَا كَانَ

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِي لَيْلَتِكُمَا قَالَ فَحَمَلَتْ قَالَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَفَرٍ وَهِيَ مَعَهُ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا آتَى الْمَدِينَةَ مِنْ سَفَرٍ لَا يَطْرُقُهَا

طَرُوقًا فَدَنَوْا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَضَرَبَهَا الْمَخَاضُ فَاحْتَبَسَ عَلَيْهَا ابو طَلْحَةَ وَانْطَلَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَقُولُ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ إِنَّكَ لتَعْلَمُ يَا رَبِّ أَنَّهُ يُعْجِبُنِي أَنْ أَخْرُجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا خَرَجَ

وَادْخُلَ مَعَهُ إِذَا دَخَلَ وَقَدِ احْتَبَسْتُ بِمَا تَرَى تَقُوْلُ أَمُّ سُلَيْمٍ يَا أَبَا طَلْحَةَ مَا أَجِدُ الَّذِي كُنتُ أجدُ انْطَلِقُ فَانْطَلَقْنَا وَضَرَبَهَا الْمَخَاضُ حِيْنَ قَدِمًا فَوَلَدَتْ غُلَامًا فَقَالَتْ لِى أُمِّي يَا أَنَسُ لَا يُرْضِعُهُ أَحَدٌ حَتَّى تَغْدُو بِهِ عَلَى رَسُولِ

الله صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ احْتَمَلَتُهُ فَانْطَلَقْتُ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَذَكَرَ تَمَامَ الْحَدِيثِ .

44. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A son of Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) fell ill. Abu Talhah went out. During that time, the boy died. When Abu Talhah returned, he asked about his son. The boy’s mother, Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her), said, “He is better than before.” Then she served Abu Talhah his evening meal. He ate, and then had intercourse with his wife. Finally, Umm Sulaym said, “Bury the boy.” In the morning, Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him of what had happened. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked, “Did you have intercourse with your wife last night?” Abu Talhah replied, “Yes.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “O Allah, bless them both.” Then Umm Sulaym gave birth to a son. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Abu Talhah told me to take the baby to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and gave me some dates to take with him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked, “Do you have anything with you?” I replied, “Yes, some dates.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the dates and chewed them, then removed them from his mouth and put them into the baby’s mouth. He performed tahnik for him and named him Abdullah. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

In a narration by al-Bukhari, Ibn Uyaynah said: A man from the Ansar said, “I saw nine children of Abdullah, and every one of them was an expert in the Quran.”

A narration by Muslim states: When Abu Talhah’s son died, his mother, Umm Sulaym, told the members of the household not to tell Abu Talhah anything about the boy; she herself would tell him what needed to be told. When Abu Talhah came home, Umm Sulaym served him his evening meal. He ate and drank. Then Umm Sulaym adorned herself for her husband more beautifully than she had before. Abu Talhah had intercourse with her. When Umm Sulaym saw that Abu Talhah was satisfied and had fulfilled his need, she said to him, “O Abu Talhah, tell me: if a people lend something to a family and then ask for their loan back, does that family have the right to refuse to return it?” Abu Talhah replied, “No.” Umm Sulaym said, “Then seek reward from Allah for your son.” Abu Talhah became angry on hearing this and said, “You did not tell me anything before I had intercourse, and then you told me about my son.” He went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him of everything. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated, “May Allah bless your night.” Then Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) became pregnant. On one journey, she accompanied Abu Talhah and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).

They were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would generally not return to Madinah from a journey at night. When they approached Madinah, Umm Sulaym went into labor. Therefore, Abu Talhah remained with her, while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went on. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Abu Talhah began saying, “O Allah, You know that I love going out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when he goes out, and entering with him when he enters. You see the reason that I have been detained here now.” Umm Sulaym said, “O Abu Talhah, I no longer feel the pain I had been feeling. Let us go.” So we departed. After they reached Madinah, her labor began and she gave birth to a son. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My mother told me, “Do not let anyone nurse this baby before you take him to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the morning.” In the morning, I took the baby to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Thus he narrated the remainder of the hadith.

٤٥ – وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ليس الشديد بالصرَعَةِ إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيدُ الَّذِي يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَب – متفق علي والصرعَةُ بِضَمِّ الصَّادِ وَفَتْحِ الرَّاءِ وَأَصْلُهُ عِنْدَ الْعَرَبِ مَن يُصْرَعُ

النَّاسَ كَثِيرًا .

45. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The strong person is not the one who overpowers others in wrestling; rather, the strong person is the one who controls himself when angry. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٤٦- وَعَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ صُرَةٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِسًا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَجُلانِ يَسْتَبَانِ وَأَحَدُهُمَا قَدِ احْمَرٌ وَجْهُهُ وَأَنْفَخَتْ أَوْدَاجُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ كَلِمَةً لَوْ قَالَهَا

لَذَهَبَ عَنْهُ مَا يَجِدُ لَوْ قَالَ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّحِيمِ ذَهَبَ مِنْهُ مَا يَجِدُ فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّ النَّبِيِّ صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ تَعَوَّذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّحِيم – متفق عليه .

46. Sulayman ibn Surad (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was sitting with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while two men were quarrelling and insulting each other. One of them had become red in the face with anger, and the veins in his neck had swollen. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I know a statement which, if he says it, will certainly remove this condition from him. If he says, “I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan,” his anger will leave him. The Companions told him that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had instructed him to say, “I seek refuge in Allah,” and seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Satan. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٤٧- وَعَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ كَظَمَ غَيْظًا وَهُوَ قَادِرٌ عَلَى أَنْ يُنْفِذَهُ دَعَاهُ اللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَلَى رُءُوسِ الْخَلَائِقِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى يُخَيِّرَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِيْنِ مَا شَاءَ رَوَاهُ

أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

47. Mu’adh ibn Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever restrains his anger despite having the power to act upon it, Allah will call him before all people on the Day of Resurrection and give him the choice of whichever of the wide-eyed houris he wishes. Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith, and al-Tirmidhi classified it as hasan.

٤٨- وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَجُلا قَالَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْصِنِي قَالَ لَا تَغْضَبُ فَرَدَّدَ مِرَارًا قَالَ لَا تَغْضَبْ – رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

48. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man said to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), “Advise me.” He said, “Do not become angry.” The man repeated his request several times, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) repeatedly said, “Do not become angry.” (Al-Bukhari)

٤٩- وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا يَزَالُ الْبَلاءُ بِالْمُؤْمِنِ وَالْمُؤْمِنَةِ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَمَالِهِ حَتَّى يَلْقَى اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَمَا عَلَيْهِ خَطِيئَةٌ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثُ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

49. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Afflictions will continue to befall believing men and women in themselves, their children, and their wealth until they meet Allah in a state in which they have no sin remaining. Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and classified it as hasan sahih.

٥٠ – وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَدِمَ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنٍ فَنَزَلَ عَلَى ابْنِ أَخِيهِ الْحَرِّ بْنِ قَيْسٍ وَكَانَ مِنَ النَّفَرِ الَّذِينَ يُدْنِيْهِمْ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَكَانَ الْقُرَاءُ أَصْحَابَ مَجْلِسِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَمُشَاوَرَتِهِ كُسُولًا

كَانُوا أَوْ شَبَانًا فَقَالَ عُبَيْنَةٌ لِابْنِ أَخِيهِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لَكَ وَجْهُ عِنْدَ هَذَا الْأَمِيرِ فَاسْتَأْذِنُ لِي عَلَيْهِ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ فَاذِنَ لَهُ عُمَرُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ قَالَ هِي يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَابِ فَوَاللَّهُ مَا تُعْطَيْنَا الْجَزْلَ وَلَا تَحْكُمُ فِيْنَا بِالْعَدْلِ فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ

عَنْهُ حَتَّى هَمْ أَنْ يُوقِعَ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُرُّ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ لِنَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ (خُذِ الْعَفْوَ وَأَمُرُ بِالْعُرْفِ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْجَاهِلِينَ) (الاعراف : ۱۹۹) وان هذا مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ وَاللَّهِ مَا جَاوَزَهَا عُمَرُ حِينَ

تَلَاهَا وَكَانَ وَفَّافًا عِنْدَ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تعالى رواه البخاري

50. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported: Uyaynah ibn Hisn came to Madinah and stayed with his nephew, al-Hurr ibn Qays. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) kept al-Hurr ibn Qays among those close to him. The members of Umar’s council and consultation assembly were Quran scholars, whether young or old. Uyaynah said to his nephew, “My nephew, you have access to the Commander of the Believers, so ask him for permission for me to meet him.” He sought permission, and Umar granted it. When Uyaynah entered, he said, “O Ibn al-Khattab, by Allah, you do not give us generously, nor do you judge among us justly.” Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) became angry and was about to attack him. Then al-Hurr said, “O Commander of the Believers, Allah said to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): ‘Show forgiveness, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the ignorant.’ (Surah al-A’raf, 7:199) This man is among the ignorant.” By Allah, when Umar heard this verse, he did not go beyond it. He was one who acted strictly according to the Book of Allah. (Al-Bukhari)

٥١ – وَعَن ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ بَعْدِى أَثَرَةً وَأَمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا ؟ قَالَ تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ وَتَسْأَلُونَ اللهَ الَّذِي لَكُم متفق عليه

وَالْآثَرَةُ الْإِنْفَرَادُ بِالشَّيْ عَمْنُ لَهُ فِيهِ حَقٌّ.

51. Ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: After me, others will be given preference over you, and matters will arise that you dislike. The Companions asked, “O Messenger of Allah, what do you command us to do in that situation?” He said, “Fulfil the rights that are due from you, and ask Allah for what is due to you.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٥٢ – وَعَنْ أَبِي يَحْيَى أُسَيْدِ بْنِ حُضَيْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَجُلًا مِّنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلا تَسْتَعْمِلْنِي كَمَا اسْتَعْمَلْتَ فُلَانًا فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَلْقَوْنَ بَعْدِى أَثَرَةٌ فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي عَلَى الْحَوْضِ – متفق عليه ، وَأُسَيْد

بِضَمِّ الْهَمْزَةِ وَحُضَير بِحَاءٍ مُهْمَلَةٍ مَضْمُومَةٍ وَضَادٍ مُعْجَمَةٍ مَفْتُوحَةٍ ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

52. Abu Yahya Usayd ibn Hudayr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man from the Ansar said, “O Messenger of Allah, will you not appoint me to a position as you appointed so-and-so?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You will soon see others being given preference over you after me, so be patient until you meet me at the Hawd of Kawthar. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٥٣ – وَعَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بَعْضِ أَيَّامِهِ الَّتِي لَقِي فِيهَا الْعَدُوِّ انْتَظَرَ حَتَّى إِذَا مالَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَامَ فِيْهِمْ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لَا تَتَمَنَّوْا لِقَاءَ الْعَدُوِّ

وَاسْأَلُوا اللَّهَ الْعَافِيَةَ فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُوهُمْ فَاصْبِرُوا وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ تَحْتَ ظِلالِ السُّيُوفِ ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اللَّهُمَّ مُنَزَّلَ الْكِتَابِ وَمُجْرِي السَّحَابِ وَهَازِمَ الْأَحْزَابِ اهْزِمُهُمْ وَانْصُرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ – متفق عليه وبالله

التوفيق .

53. Abdullah ibn Abu Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: One day, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was engaged in battle with the enemy and was waiting for the sun to decline. He stood among them and said: O people, do not wish to confront the enemy; ask Allah for safety. But when you meet them, be steadfast. Know that Paradise lies beneath the shades of swords. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Allah, Revealer of the Book, Controller of the clouds, and Defeater of the allied forces, defeat them and grant us victory over them. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Section 4: Truthfulness

সততা

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ .

Allah the Exalted says:

1. “O believers, fear Allah and be with the truthful.” (Surah al-Tawbah, 9:119)

وقَالَ تَعَالَى : والصادقين والصادقات .

2. “The truthful men and the truthful women … Allah has prepared for them forgiveness and a great reward.” (Surah al-Ahzab, 33:35)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَلَوْ صَدَقُوا اللَّهَ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُمُ .

3. “If they had been true to Allah in their promise, it would certainly have been better for them.” (Surah Muhammad, 47:21)

٥٤ – وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ الصدقَ يَهْدِى إِلَى الْبِرِّ وَإِنَّ الْبِرِّ يَهْدِى إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَصْدُقُ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِندَ اللهِ صِدِّيقًا وَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ يَهْدِى إِلَى الْفُجُوْرِ وَإِنَّ الْفُجُورَ

يَهْدِي إِلَى النَّارِ وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَكْذِبُ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللهِ كَذَابًا – متفق عليه .

54. Ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Truthfulness leads to righteousness, and righteousness leads to Paradise. A person continues to speak the truth until he is recorded with Allah as a truthful person. Falsehood leads to wickedness, and wickedness leads to the Fire. A person continues to lie until he is recorded with Allah as an extreme liar. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٥٥- وَعَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ حَفِظْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَرِيْبُكَ فَإِنْ الصَّدْقَ طَمَانِينَةٌ وَالْكَذِبَ رِيبَةً رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثُ صَحِيحٌ

قَوْلُهُ يَرِيبُكَ بِفَتْحِ الْيَاءِ وَضَمِّهَا وَمَعْنَاهُ أتْرُكْ مَا تَشْكُ فِي حِلِهِ وَاعْدِلُ إِلَى مَا لَا تَشْكُ فِيهِ .

55. Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported: I memorized these words from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): Leave what causes you doubt for what does not cause you doubt. Truthfulness is surely a source of tranquillity, while falsehood is a source of doubt.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and declared it sahih.

٥٦ – وَعَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ صَخْرِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ الطَّوِيلِ فِي قصة هرقل قَالَ هِرَقْلُ فَمَا ذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ يَعْنِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قُلْتُ يَقُولُ اعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَحْدَهُ لا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا

وَاتْرُكُوا مَا يَقُولُ أَبَاؤُكُمْ وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلاةِ والصِدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ والصلة – متفق عليه .

56. Abu Sufyan Sakhr ibn Harb (may Allah be pleased with him), while relating the lengthy hadith about the story of Heraclius, said: Heraclius asked, “What does the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) command you to do?” Abu Sufyan said, “I replied: He says, ‘Worship Allah alone and do not associate anything with Him. Abandon what your forefathers say.’ He commands us to perform prayer, be truthful, be chaste, be generous, and maintain ties of kinship.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٥٧ – وَعَنْ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ وَقِيلَ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَقِيلَ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ وَهُوَ بَدْرِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ سَأَلَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى الشَّهَادَةَ بِصِدْقٍ بَلْغَهُ اللَّهُ مَنَازِلَ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَإِنْ مَاتَ عَلَى

فِرَاشِهِ – رواه مسلم .

57. Sahl ibn Hunayf (may Allah be pleased with him), a Companion who participated in the Battle of Badr, reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever sincerely asks Allah for martyrdom, Allah will grant him the rank of the martyrs even if he dies in his bed. (Muslim)

٥٨ وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَزَا نَبِي مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ وَسَلَامُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ لَا يَتْبَعَنِي رَجُلٌ مَلَكَ بُضْعَ امْرَأَةٍ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُبْنَى بِهَا وَلَمَّا يَيْنِ بِهَا وَلَا أَحَدٌ بَنَى

بُيُوتًا لَمْ يَرْفَعُ سُقُوفَهَا وَلَا أَحَدٌ اشْتَرَى غَنَمًا أَوْ خَلِفَاتٍ وَهُوَ يَنْتَظِرُ أَوْلَادَهَا فَغَزَا فَدَنَا مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ أَوْ قَرِيبًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِلشَّمْسِ إِنَّكَ مَا مُورَةٌ وَأَنَا مَا مُورَ اللَّهُمَّ احْبِشهَا عَلَيْنَا فَحُبِسَتْ حَتَّى فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَجَمَعَ

الْغَنَائِمَ فَجَاءَتْ يَعْنِي النَّارَ لِتَأْكُلَهَا فَلَمْ تَطْعَمُهَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ فِيكُمْ غُلُوْلاً فَلْيُبَايِعْنِي مِنْ كُلِّ قَبِيلَةٍ رَجُلٌ فَلَزِقَتْ يَدُ رَجُلٍ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولُ فَلْيُبَايِعْنِي قَبِيلَتُكَ فَلَزِقَتْ يَدُ رَجُلَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولُ فَجَاءُوا بِرَأْسٍ

مِثْلِ رَأْسِ بَقَرَةٍ مِّنَ الذَّهَبِ فَوَضَعَهَا فَجَاءَتِ النَّارُ فَأَكَلَتْهَا فَلَمْ تَحِلُّ الْغَنَائِمُ لِأَحَدٍ قَبْلَنَا ثُمَّ أَحَلَّ اللهُ لَنَا الْغَنَائِمَ لَمَّا رَأَى ضَعْفَنَا وَعَجْزَنَا فَأَحَلَّهَا لَنَا – متفق عليه الخَلِفَاتُ بِفَتْحِ الْخَاءِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَكَسْرِ اللام جَمْعُ خَلِفَةٍ وَهِيَ

النَّاقَةُ الْحَامِلُ.

58. Narrated by Abu Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: One of the prophets (Joshua son of Nun) went to fight in jihad and said to his people: Let no one accompany me who has recently married and wishes to consummate his marriage with his wife but has not yet done so; nor anyone who has built a house but has not yet completed its roof; nor anyone who has purchased a pregnant goat or she-camel and is waiting for its young. Then he set out for jihad and reached the settlement where he intended to fight at the time of the afternoon prayer, or near that time. He then said to the sun: You too are subject to Allah’s command, and I too am subject to His command. O Allah, hold back the sun. So it was held back until he achieved victory in jihad. When he gathered the spoils of war, the fire came to consume them, but it did not consume them. He then said: Surely, someone among you has committed treachery regarding the spoils. Therefore, one man from each tribe must pledge allegiance to me by clasping my hand. As they did so, the hand of one man became stuck to his hand. He said: The traitor is among you; therefore, all the people of your tribe must pledge allegiance to me. As they did so, the hands of two or three men became stuck to his hand. He then said: The treachery has been committed by you. They then brought a golden head the size of a cow’s head. He placed it with the wealth, and the fire came and consumed it all. Before us, the spoils of war had not been made lawful for anyone. Allah, observing our weakness and incapacity, made them lawful for us. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٥٩- وَعَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حَزَامٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرِّقَا فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيْنَا بُوْرِكَ لَهُمَا فِي بيعهما وَإِنْ كَتَمَا وَكَذبًا مُحقَّتْ بَرَكَةُ بَيْعهما – متفق عليه .

59. Narrated by Abu Khalid Hakim ibn Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The buyer and the seller retain the option to cancel the transaction as long as they have not separated. If they are both truthful and make everything clear, their transaction will be blessed; but if they conceal something and lie, the blessing of their transaction will be erased. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) [The original Arabic uses the word “sidq.” Its meaning is generally understood as honesty. However, in the Islamic perspective, its meaning is very broad. Truthfulness, sincerity to the truth, adhering to the path of truth, following the truth, harmony between one’s words and deeds and between one’s thoughts and heart, and devotion to truth—all these meanings are included in this word. Imam al-Ghazali has written its six meanings in his work Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din: (1) truthfulness, (2) intending truth, (3) making a true commitment, (4) demonstrating truthfulness in fulfilling the commitment, (5) following truth in one’s actions, and (6) presenting an example of truth at every level of the path of religion. All these meanings are found in the aforementioned verses and hadiths. (Translator)]

Section 5—Murāqabah or Self-Observation.

Murāqabah [The word murāqabah means watching, inspecting, self-criticism, self-control, observing oneself with deep concentration, and becoming absorbed in contemplation of Allah. There are many verses and hadiths concerning this. (Translator)] or self-observation.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : الَّذِي يَرَاكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ وَتَقَلُّبَكَ فِي السَّاجِدِينَ .

The Exalted Allah says:

(1) “He sees you when you stand in prayer and observes your movements among those who prostrate.” (Surah ash-Shu‘ara: 219–220)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَهُوَ مَعَكُم أَيْنَمَا كُنْتُمْ .

(2) “He is with you wherever you may be.” (Surah al-Hadid: 4)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْهِ شَيْ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي السَّمَاءِ .

(3) “Nothing whatsoever in the heavens or on the earth is hidden from Allah.” (Surah Āl ʿImrān: 5)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّ رَبِّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ

(4) “Indeed, your Lord is ever watchful over those who oppose Him.” (Surah al-Fajr: 14)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَمَا تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ وَالْآيَاتُ فِي الْبَابِ كثيرة معلومة.

(5) “Allah knows the treachery of the eyes (that is, unlawful glances) and what the hearts conceal.” (Surah Ghāfir: 19)

٦٠ – عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمِ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الشَّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سواد الشعر لا يُرى عَلَيْهِ أثر السفر ولا يعرفه منا أَحَدٌ

أحمد حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْنَدَ رَكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ وَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْإِسْلامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ

وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِيْمَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ

الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدْرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقَتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَانَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ

أَمَارَاتِهَا قَالَ أَن تَلِدَ الْآمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَن تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ العرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُوْنَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَبِثْتُ مَلِيًّا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ اتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ: قُلْتُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ آتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ – رواه

مسلم. وَمَعْنَى تَلِدَ الْآمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا أَى سَيِّدَتَهَا وَمَعْنَاهُ أَنْ تَكْثُرَ السَّرَارِي حَتَّى تَلِدَ الْآمَةُ السرية بنتًا لِسَيِّدِهَا وَبَنْتُ السَّيِّدِ فِي مَعْنَى السَّيِّدِ وَقِيلَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ وَالْعَالَةُ الْفُقَرَاءُ وَقَوْلُهُ مَلِيًّا أَيُّ زَمَنًا طَوِيلاً وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثًا .

60. It is narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: One day, we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man appeared before us. His clothing was dazzlingly white, his hair was intensely black, and no sign of travel could be seen on him. None of us knew him. He went straight to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and sat down before him. He placed his knees against the Prophet’s knees, put his hands on his thighs, and said, “O Muhammad, tell me about Islam.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Islam is that you testify that there is no deity except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establish prayer, give zakat, fast Ramadan, and perform Hajj to the House if you are able to do so.” He said, “You have spoken the truth.” We were amazed that he asked him questions and then confirmed his answers as true. He asked again, “Tell me about faith.” He said: “It is that you believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His messengers, the Last Day, and divine decree, its good and its evil.” He said, “You have spoken the truth.” He then asked, “Tell me about Ihsan.” He said: “It is that you worship Allah as though you see Him; and if you do not see Him, then surely He sees you.” He asked, “Tell me about the Hour.” He said: “The one who is questioned about it knows no more than the one asking.” He said, “Then tell me about its signs.” He said: “The slave-girl will give birth to her mistress, and you will see barefoot, naked, impoverished shepherds of sheep competing with one another in constructing lofty buildings.” Then the man departed. After some time had passed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “O Umar, do you know who the questioner was?” I replied, “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He said: “It was Jibril. He came to teach you your religion.” (Muslim)

٦١ – عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍ جُنْدَبِ بْنِ جَنَادَةً وَأَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اتَّقِ اللهَ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ وَاتَّبِعِ السَّيِّئَةَ الْحَسَنَةِ تَمْحُهَا وَخَالِقِ النَّاسَ بِخُلُقٍ حَسَن رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِى

وَقَالَ حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ .

61. Narrated from Abu Dharr and Mu’adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with them). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Fear Allah wherever you are, and follow a bad deed with a good deed; it will erase it. And behave toward people with good manners.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and called it a hasan hadith.

٦٢- عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كُنْتُ خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ إِنِّي أَعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتِ احْفَظُ اللَّهَ يَحْفَظْكَ احْفَظُ اللَّهَ تَجِدُهُ تُجَاهَكَ إِذَا سَأَلْتَ فَاسْأَلِ اللَّهَ وَإِذَا اسْتَعَنْتَ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ

وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الْأُمِّةَ لو اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَى أَنْ يُنْفَعُوكَ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ يَنْفَعُوكَ إِلَّا بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ لَكَ وَإِنِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَضُرُّوكَ بِشَيْ لَمْ يَضُرُّوكَ إِلَّا بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ رفَعَتِ الْأَقْلَامُ وَجَفَّتِ الصُّحُفُ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ

حَدِيثُ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وفِي رِوَايَةٍ غَيْرِ التَّرْمِذِي احْفَظُ اللَّهَ تَجِدُهُ أَمَامَكَ تَعَرَّفْ إِلَى اللَّهِ فِي الرِّخَاءِ يعرفك في الشدَّةِ وَاعْلَمُ أَنَّ مَا أَخْطَاكَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيُصِيبَكَ وَمَا أَصَابَكَ لَمْ يَكُنْ ليُخْطِئَكَ وَاعْلَمُ أَنَّ النَّصْرَ مَعَ الصَّبْرِ وَأَنَّ الْفَرَجَ مَعَ

الْكَرْبِ وَأَنْ مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْراً.

62. Narrated from Ibn al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both). He said: One day I was behind the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said to me: O young man! I shall teach you some words: Observe and follow Allah’s commands, and He will protect you. Fulfil Allah’s rights, and you will find Him with you. When you ask for anything, ask Allah; and when you seek help, seek help from Allah. Know that if all created beings joined together to benefit you in any way, they could benefit you only with something that Allah had decreed for you. And if they joined together to harm you in any way, they could harm you only with something that Allah had decreed against you. The pens have been lifted and the pages have dried. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) expressed the irrevocability of divine decree most beautifully through this final statement. Once the writing is complete, the pen is lifted and the writing has dried, nothing new is written and nothing is erased. The writing of divine decree is so irrevocable that it cannot be altered or increased. This is what is meant here. Translator.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and declared it hasan and sahih. Other hadith collections besides al-Tirmidhi contain the following additional wording: Observe Allah’s rights, and you will find Him before you. Remember Allah in times of ease, and He will remember you in times of hardship. Know that what you failed to obtain could never have reached you, and what reached you could never have passed you by. In other words, whatever is written in the divine decree will certainly occur. Also know that help comes with patience, prosperity comes with hardship and distress, and indeed, with hardship comes ease.

٦٣ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْمَلُونَ أَعْمَالَا هِيَ آدَقُّ فِي أَعْيُنِكُمْ مِنَ الشَّعْرِ كُنَّا نَعُدُهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْمُوْبِقَاتِ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَقَالَ الْمُوْبِقَاتُ المُهْلِكَاتٌ .

63. Narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: You currently do many deeds that seem lighter than hair in your eyes, but during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we regarded them as destructive deeds. (Al-Bukhari)

٦٤- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَغَارُ وَغَيْرَةُ الله تَعَالَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَ الْمَرْءُ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ – متفق عليه والْغَيْرَةُ بِفَتْحِ الْغَيْنِ وَأَصْلُهَا الْأَنْفَةُ .

64. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah, Most High, has protective jealousy concerning His servants. When a person engages in what Allah has forbidden for people, Allah’s protective jealousy is aroused. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) The meaning of this hadith is that a person’s engaging in forbidden acts amounts to violating Allah’s honour. Thus, committing forbidden acts is dishonourable to Him. In this sense, Allah has protective jealousy in a manner befitting Him. Translator.

٦٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُوْلُ إِنَّ ثَلَاثَةَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَبْرَصَ وَأَقْرَعَ وَأَعْمَى أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُبْتَلِيَهُمْ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمُ مَلَكًا فَأَتَى الْأَبْرَصَ فَقَالَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ؟ قَالَ لَوْنَ

حَسَنٌ وَجِلْدٌ حَسَنٌ وَيَذْهَبُ عَنِّى الَّذِي قَدْ قَدْرَنِي النَّاسُ فَمَسَحَهُ فَذَهَبَ عَنْهُ قَذَرُهُ وَأَعْطِيَ لَوْنًا حَسَنًا قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ؟ قَالَ الْإِبِلُ أَوْ قَالَ الْبَقَرُ شَكُ الرَّاوِيُّ) فَأَعْطِيَ نَاقَةً عُشَرَاءَ فَقَالَ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِيْهَا .

فَأَتَى الْأَقْرَعَ فَقَالَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ؟ قَالَ شَعْرٌ حَسَنٌ وَيَذْهَبُ عَنِّى هُذَا الَّذِي قَذِرَنِي النَّاسُ فَمَسَحَهُ فَذَهَبَ عَنْهُ وَأَعْطِيَ شَعْرًا حَسَنًا قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ أَحَبُّ الَيْكَ؟ قَالَ الْبَقَرُ فَأَعْطَى بَقَرَةً حَامِلاً وَقَالَ بَارَكَ اللهُ لَكَ

فِيهَا .قَاتَى الْأَعْمَى فَقَالَ أَيُّ شَيْرَ احَبَّ إِلَيْكَ؟ قَالَ أَنْ يُرَدَّ اللَّهُ إِلَى بَصَرِي فَأَبْصِرَ النَّاسَ فَمَسَحَهُ فَرَدَّ اللهُ إِلَيْهِ بَصَرَهُ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْمَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ؟ قَالَ الْغَنَمُ فَأَعْطِيَ شَاةٌ وَالِدَا فَانْتَجَ هَذَانِ وَوَلَدَ هَذَا فَكَانَ لِهَذَا وَادٍ مِّنَ الْإِبِلِ

وَلِهَذَا وَادٍ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ وَلِهَذَا وَادٍ مِّنَ الْغَنَمِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَتَى الْأَبْرَصَ فِى صُورَتِهِ وَهَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِسْكِينَ قَدِ انْقَطَعَتْ بِي الْجِبَالُ فِي سَفَرِي فَلا بَلاغَ لِي الْيَوْمَ إِلا بِاللهِ ثُمَّ بِكَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِالَّذِي أَعْطَاكَ اللَّوْنَ الْحَسَنَ وَالْجِلْدَ الْحَسَنَ

وَالْمَالَ بَعِيرًا اتبَلغُ بِهِ فِي سَفَرِى فَقَالَ الْحُقُوقُ كَثِيرَةٌ فَقَالَ كَانَي أَعْرِفُكَ أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَبْرَصَ يَقْدُرُكَ النَّاسُ فَقِيرًا فَأَعْطَاكَ اللهُ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا وَرِثْتُ هَذَا الْمَالَ كَابِرًا عَنْ كَابِرٍ فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ كَاذِبًا فَصَيْرَكَ اللَّهُ إِلَى مَا كُنتَ .

وَآتَى الْأَقْرَعَ فِى صُورَتِهِ وَهَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ لِهَذَا وَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلَ مَا رَدَّ هَذَا فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ كَاذِبًا فَصَيْرَكَ اللَّهُ إِلَى مَا كُنْتَ. وآتَى الْأَعْمَى فِى صُورَتِهِ وَهَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِسْكِينٌ وَابْنُ سَبِيلِ انْقَطَعَتْ بِيَ الْجِبَالُ فِي

سَفَرِى فَلا بَلاغَ لِي الْيَوْمَ إِلا بِاللَّهِ ثُمَّ بِكَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِالَّذِي رَبِّ عَلَيْكَ بَصَرَكَ شَاةَ اتَبْلُغُ بِهَا فِي سَفَرِى ؟ فَقَالَ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْمَى فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ إِلَى بَصَرِي فَخُذْ مَا شِئْتَ وَدَعْ مَا شِئْتَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَجْهَدُكَ الْيَوْمَ بِشَيْءٍ أَخَذْتَهُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ

فَقَالَ أَمْسِكَ مَالَكَ فَإِنَّمَا ابْتُلِيْتُمْ فَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْكَ وَسَخط على صاحبيك – متفق عليه.

65. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Among the Children of Israel there were three men: a leper, a bald man, and a blind man. Allah wished to test them, so He sent an angel to them. The angel came to the leper and said, What is the thing you love most? He said, A beautiful complexion and freedom from this disease because of which people detest me. The angel passed his hand over him, and his disease disappeared and he was given a beautiful complexion. The angel asked, Which wealth do you love most? He said, Camels—or cattle; the narrator was uncertain. So he was given a pregnant she-camel in its tenth month. The angel said, May Allah bless it for you. Then he went to the bald man and asked, What is the thing you love most? He said, Beautiful hair and freedom from this baldness because of which people detest me. The angel passed his hand over his head, and his baldness disappeared and he was given beautiful hair. The angel asked, Which wealth do you love most? He said, Cattle. So he was given a pregnant cow. The angel said, May Allah bless it for you. Then he went to the blind man and asked, What is the thing you love most? He said, That Allah restore my sight so that I may see people. The angel passed his hand over his eyes, and Allah restored his sight. The angel asked, Which wealth do you love most? He said, Goats. So he was given a she-goat that gave birth frequently. Then the camels, cattle, and goats reproduced, until the first man had a valley of camels, the second a valley of cattle, and the third a valley of goats.

Then the angel came to the leper in his original form and said, I am a poor man. My provisions have run out during my journey. Today there is no one besides Allah by whose help I can reach my destination, and then by your assistance. In the name of Allah who gave you a beautiful complexion, beautiful skin, and wealth, I ask you for a camel that will help me reach my destination. He said, I have many obligations. The angel said, I think I know you. Were you not a leper whom people detested? Were you not poor, and then Allah gave you wealth? He said, I inherited this wealth from my forefathers. The angel said, If you are lying, may Allah return you to what you were before. Then he went to the bald man in his original form and said to him what he had said to the first man, and the man gave the same answer as the earlier man. The angel also said to him, If you are lying, may Allah return you to what you were before.

Then he went to the blind man in his former appearance and said, I am a poor man and a wayfarer. All my provisions have run out during my journey. Now there is no way for me to reach my destination except through Allah, and then through your assistance. In the name of Allah who restored your sight, I ask you for a goat that will help me reach my destination. The man said, I was blind, and Allah restored my sight. So take whatever wealth you wish and leave whatever you wish. By Allah, I will not prevent you from taking anything today for the sake of Almighty Allah. The angel said, Keep your wealth. You were only being tested. Allah is pleased with you and displeased with your two companions. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

٦٦ – عَنْ أَبِي يَعْلَى شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْكَيْسُ مَنْ دَانَ نَفْسَهُ وَعَمِلَ لِمَا بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْعَاجِزُ مَنْ أَتْبَعَ نَفْسَهُ هَوَاهَا وَتَمَنَّى عَلَى اللهِ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ

قَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَعْنَى دَانَ نَفْسَهُ حَاسَبَهَا .

66. Narrated from Shaddad ibn Aws (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The intelligent person is one who takes account of his nafs (practises self-criticism) and works for the life after death. The weak person is one who makes himself a slave to his evil desires, yet continues to place his hopes in Allah.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and classified it as hasan.

٦٧ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ حُسْنِ إِسْلَامِ الْمَرْءِ تَرْكُهُ مَا لَا يَعْنِيْهِ – حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ .

67. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Abandoning that which does not concern a person is part of the excellence of his Islam.” (Al-Tirmidhi)

٦٨ – عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يُسْأَلُ الرَّجُلُ فِيمَ ضَرَبَ امْرَأَتَهُ – رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَغَيْرُهُ .

68. Narrated from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: A husband will not be questioned for striking his wife for a valid reason. (Abu Dawud)

Section 6 — Taqwa

Taqwa [In the Arabic language, the lexical meaning of the word taqwa is to fear, to avoid, to exercise caution, to refrain, and so forth. Consistent with these meanings, the word taqwa has been used in the Qur’an and Hadith primarily in a special and comprehensive sense. When a person continues to act at every level of life while maintaining firm faith in Allah at all times, he gains the ability and inclination to distinguish correctly between good and evil. This creates encouragement toward good deeds and hatred toward evil deeds. In Islamic terminology, carrying out a pure role in accordance with such a state of the heart is called taqwa. There are many verses and hadiths concerning this. (Translator)]

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ تَقَاتِهِ .

Allah the Exalted says:

(1) “O you who believe! Fear Allah as He ought to be feared.” (Surah Al Imran: 102)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ.

(2) “So fear Allah as much as you are able.” (Surah At-Taghabun: 16)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَقُولُوا قَوْلاً سَدِيدًا .

(3) “O you who believe! Fear Allah and speak words that are correct.” (Surah Al-Ahzab: 70)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَنْ يُتَّقِ اللهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ.

(4) “Whoever fears Allah, He will make for him a way out and provide for him from sources he could not imagine.” (Surah At-Talaq: 2–3)

وقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنْ تَتَّقُوا اللهَ يَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ فُرْقَانًا وَيُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَيَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ .

(5) “If you fear Allah, He will grant you the criterion (the ability and strength to distinguish between good and evil), remove your sins from you, and forgive you. And Allah is the Possessor of immense bounty.” (Surah Al-Anfal: 29)

٦٩- عن أبي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَبْلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَكْرَمُ النَّاسِ ؟ قَالَ أَتْقَاهُمْ فَقَالُوا لَيْسَ عَنْ هَذَا نَسْأَلُكَ قَالَ فَيُوسُفُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ابْنُ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ بْنِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ بْنِ خَلِيلِ اللهِ قَالُوا لَيْسَ عَنْ هَذَا نَسْأَلُكَ قَالَ فَعَنْ

مَعَادِنِ الْعَرَبِ تَسْأَلُونِي؟ خَيَارُهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ خَيَارُهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلامِ إِذَا فَقُهُوا – متفق عليه . وَفَقَهُوا بِضَمَ الْقَافِ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ وَحُكِى كَسْرُهَا أَي عَلِمُوا أَحْكَامَ الشرع .

69. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was asked: Who is the most honourable person? He said: “The one who has the most taqwa.” They said: We are not asking you about this. He said: “Then it is Yusuf, the Prophet of Allah, the son of a Prophet of Allah, the son of a Prophet of Allah, the son of the close friend of Allah, Ibrahim.” They said: We are not asking you about this either. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Then are you asking about the various lineages of the Arabs? Those who were good among them during the Age of Ignorance are also good in Islam, if they acquire knowledge of the religion and the Shariah.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

عن أبي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِي رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا حُلْوَةٌ خَضِرَةٌ وَإِنَّ اللهَ مُسْتَخْلِفُكُمْ فِيهَا فَيَنْظُرُ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ فَاتَّقُوا الدنيا واتَّقُوا النِّسَاءَ فَإِنْ أَوَّلَ فِتْنَةِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَتْ فِي النِّسَاء –

رواه مسلم.

70. Narrated from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Indeed, the world is sweet and attractive. Allah has made you His successors therein, so that He may see how you act. Therefore, beware of the world, and beware of the temptation of women as well. For the first trial of the Children of Israel arose through women.” (Muslim)

۷۱- عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ الْهُدَى وَالتَّقى والعفاف والغنى – رواه مسلم .

71. Narrated from Ibn Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to say: “O Allah, I ask You for guidance, taqwa, chastity, and self-sufficiency.” (Muslim)

 ۷۲- عَنْ أَبِي طَرِيفِ عَدِي بْنِ حَاتِمِ الطَّائِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ الله صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِيْنِ ثُمَّ رَأَى أَتْقَى لِلَّهِ مِنْهَا قليات التقوى – رواه مسلم .

72. Narrated from Adi ibn Hatim al-Ta’i (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: Whoever takes an oath concerning something and then sees that another course is more conducive to taqwa, he must undertake the course of taqwa. (Muslim)

عَنْ أَبِي أَمَامَة صُدَى بْنِ عَجْلانَ الْبَاهِلِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ فَقَالَ اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَصَلُّوا خَمْسَكُمْ وَصُوْمُوا شَهْرَكُمْ وَادُّوا زَكَاةَ أَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَطِيعُوا أَمْرَاءَكُمْ تَدْخُلُوا

جَنَّةَ رَبِّكُمْ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي فِي آخِرِ كِتَابِ الصَّلاةِ وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

73. Narrated from Abu Umamah Sudayy ibn Ajlan al-Bahili (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say in the Farewell Hajj sermon: “Fear Allah, perform the five daily prayers, fast the month of Ramadan, pay zakat on your wealth, and obey your leaders; then you will enter the Paradise of your Lord.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith in the Book of Prayer and classified it as hasan and sahih.

Section 7 — Yaqin and Tawakkul

Yaqin and Tawakkul [In Arabic, the word yaqin means certain and firm belief, without any doubt, hesitation, reservation, or uncertainty. Three types of yaqin are mentioned in the Qur’an: (1) Ilm al-Yaqin, meaning belief based on reasoning and knowledge; (2) Ayn al-Yaqin, meaning belief based on seeing with one’s own eyes; and (3) Haqq al-Yaqin, meaning belief based on actual experience.

For example, someone may learn with certainty that a fire has broken out somewhere. His believing this information is called Ilm al-Yaqin. Then, after seeing that fire with his own eyes, the belief that arises in him is called Ayn al-Yaqin. Finally, after touching that fire with his own hand, the belief he gains is called Haqq al-Yaqin.

The word tawakkul means placing one’s trust, relying, and depending. In the terminology of the Qur’an and Hadith, tawakkul means undertaking a task with full effort and firm resolve in accordance with the ordinances of Islam, while simultaneously trusting in and relying upon Allah for its success.

There is no conflict between taking action and tawakkul. The two complement each other. Allah Himself has commanded people to act and strive. So how can one rely upon Him while disobeying His command? Taking action is the way of this world. Allah sent human beings into the world precisely to work. Therefore, a person must work and must continue to work. It is while striving that one needs tawakkul for success. If one does not act, there is no question of tawakkul. One must fully employ one’s abilities, knowledge, and capacity for work, but for success one must rely solely upon Allah, because the keys to everything and all success are in His hands. (Translator)

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَلَمَّا رَأَى الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الْأَحْزَابَ قَالُوا هُذَا مَا وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَصَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَمَا زَادَهُمُ الأَ إِيْمَانًا وَتَسْلِيمًا

Allah the Exalted says:

(1) “When the believers saw the attacking forces, they said: ‘This is what Allah and His Messenger had promised us, and Allah and His Messenger spoke the truth.’ And it only increased them in faith and submission.” (Surah Al-Ahzab: 22)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : الَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ النَّاسُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَقَالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَفَضْلٍ لَمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَاتَّبَعُوا رِضْوَانَ اللهِ وَاللَّهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٌ .

(2) “Those to whom the people said, ‘Indeed, the people have gathered against you, so fear them,’ only increased in faith, and they said in reply, ‘Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best Disposer of affairs.’ So they returned with blessing and bounty from Allah, untouched by any harm, and they followed the pleasure of Allah. And Allah is the Possessor of immense bounty.” (Surah Al Imran: 173–174)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى الْحَيِّ الَّذِي لَا يَمُوتُ .

(3) “And rely upon the Ever-Living who does not die.” (Surah Al-Furqan: 58)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَعَلَى اللهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ .

(4) “And upon Allah the believers should rely.” (Surah Ibrahim: 11)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَإِذَا عَزَمْتَ فَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى الله

(5) “When you have made a firm decision, then rely upon Allah.” (Surah Al Imran: 159)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَنْ يُتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهُ .

(6) “Whoever relies upon Allah, He is sufficient for him.” (Surah At-Talaq: 3)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ اللَّهُ وَجِلَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَإِذَا تُلِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُهُ زَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَعَلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ .

(7) “The believers are only those whose hearts tremble when Allah is mentioned, whose faith increases when His verses are recited to them, and who rely upon their Lord.” (Surah Al-Anfal: 2)

There are also many other verses in the Qur’an concerning tawakkul.

وأما الْأَحَادِيثُ :

٧٤- عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عُرِضَتْ عَلَى الْأَمَمُ فَرَأَيْتُ النَّبِي وَمَعَهُ الرُّهَيْطُ وَالنَّبِيِّ وَمَعَهُ الرَّجُلُ والرجلان والنَّبِي وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ إِذ رَفَعَ لِى سَوَادٌ عَظِيمٌ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُمْ

أُمَّتِي فَقِيلَ لي هذا مُوسَى وَقَوْمُهُ ولكن انظر إلى الأفُقِ فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا سَوَادٌ عَظِيمٌ فَقِيلَ لِي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى الْأُفُقِ الْآخَرِ فَإِذَا سَوَادٌ عَظِيمٌ فَقِيلَ لِي هَذِهِ أُمْتُكَ وَمَعَهُمْ سَبْعُونَ الْفًا يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ وَلَا عَذَابٍ ثُمَّ

نَهَضَ فَدَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ فَخَاضَ النَّاسُ فِي أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ وَلَا عَذَابٍ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَلَعَلَّهُمُ الَّذِينَ صَحِبُوا رَسُولَ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَلَعَلَّهُمُ الَّذِين ولدوا في الإِسْلامِ فَلَمْ يُشْرِكُوا

بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَذَكَرُوا أَشْيَاءَ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ مَا الَّذِي تَخُوضُونَ فِيهِ؟ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَقَالَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ لا يَرْقُونَ وَلَا يَسْتَرْقُوْنَ وَلَا يَتَطيرُونَ وَعَلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ فَقَامَ عكاشة بنُ مِحْصَنٍ فَقَالَ أَدْعُ

اللهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَقَالَ ادْعُ اللهَ أَنْ يُجْعَلْنِي مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ سَبَقَكَ بِهَا عُكاشة. متفق عليه الرهيط بضم الراء تَصْغِيرُ رَهْطٍ وَهُمْ دُونَ عَشَرَةِ أَنْفُسِ وَالْأُفُقُ النَّاحِيَةُ وَالْجَانِبُ وَعُكَاشَةُ بِضَمِّ

الْعَيْنِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْكَافِ وَيَتَخْفِيفِهَا وَالتَّشْدِيدُ أَفْصَحُ .

74. Narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The nations were presented to me. I saw a Prophet accompanied by a small group, another Prophet accompanied by one or two people, and a Prophet with no one accompanying him. Suddenly, a huge multitude was shown to me, and I thought that they were my ummah. I was told: ‘This is Musa and his people.’ But I was told to look toward the horizon. I looked and saw a huge multitude there. Then I was told to look toward the other horizon, and I saw another huge multitude there. Then I was told: ‘This is your ummah. Among them are seventy thousand who will enter Paradise without reckoning or punishment.’ Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) rose and entered his chamber. The Companions began discussing those who would enter Paradise without reckoning or punishment. Some said: Perhaps they are those who accompanied the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Others said: Perhaps they are those who were born in Islam and did not associate anything with Allah. They continued discussing various possibilities. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came out and said: ‘What are you discussing?’ They informed him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: ‘They are those who do not practise or request ruqyah, do not believe in omens, and rely solely upon their Lord Allah.’ Ukashah ibn Mihsan (may Allah be pleased with him) stood and said: ‘Ask Allah to make me one of them.’ He said: ‘You are one of them.’ Then another man stood and said: ‘Ask Allah to include me among them.’ The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: ‘Ukashah has preceded you in this.’ (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

ى اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَيْضًا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ٧٥ – عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيا وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ اللهُمَّ لَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ وَبِكَ أمَنْتُ وَعَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْتُ وَبَكَ خَاصَمْتُ اللَّهُمَّ أَعُوذُ بِعِزَّتِكَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَنْ تُضِلَّنِي أَنْتَ الْحَيُّ

الَّذِي لَا تَمُوتُ والجنَّ وَالْإِنسُ يَمُوتُونَ – متفق عليه وهذا لفظ مُسْلِمِ وَاخْتَصَرَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

75. Narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to say: “O Allah! I have submitted to You, believed in You, relied upon You, turned to You, and disputed for Your sake. O Allah! I seek refuge in Your might, lest You lead me astray. There is no deity but You. You are the Ever-Living; You do not die, while the jinn and human beings all die.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

The original wording of the hadith is that of Imam Muslim. Imam al-Bukhari narrated it in an abridged form.

٧٦- عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَيْضًا قَالَ حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ قَالَهَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ حِينَ أُلْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَالَهَا مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِيْنَ قَالُوا إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيْمَانًا

وَقَالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ – رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّوَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كَانَ أُخِرَ قَوْلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِيْنَ الْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ .

76. Narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: When Ibrahim (peace be upon him) was thrown into the fire, he said: “Allah is sufficient for me, and He is the excellent Disposer of affairs.” And when people said to Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his Companions, “The polytheists have gathered against you, so fear them,” this increased their faith, and they said: “Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the excellent Disposer of affairs.” (Al-Bukhari)

In another narration by al-Bukhari, Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: After Ibrahim (peace be upon him) was thrown into the fire, his final words were: “Allah is sufficient for me, and He is the best Protector.”

۷۷- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ أَقوَامٌ أَفْئِدَتُهُم مِثلُ أَفْئِدَةِ الطير. رواه مسلم قبْلَ مَعْنَاهُ مُتَوَكَّلُونَ وَقِيلَ قُلُوبُهُمْ رَقِيقَةٌ.

77. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Many people will enter Paradise whose hearts are like the hearts of birds” (that is, their hearts are gentle and they rely upon Allah). (Muslim)

۷۸- عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ غَزَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ فَلَمَّا قَفَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَفَلَ مَعَهُمْ فَأَدْرَكَتْهُمُ الْقَائِلَةُ في وَادٍ كَثِيرِ الْعِضَاءِ فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

وَتَفَرِّقَ النَّاسُ يَسْتَظُلُّونَ بالشَّجَرِ وَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَحْتَ سَمُرَةٍ فَعَلَّقَ بِهَا سَيْفَهُ وَنَمَّنَا نَوْمَةً فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدْعُونَا وَإِذَا عِنْدَهُ أَعْرَابِي فَقَالَ إِنْ هَذَا اخْتَرَطَ عَلَى سَيْفِي وَأَنَا

نَائِمٌ فَاسْتَيْقَظْتُ وَهُوَ فِي يَدِهِ صَلْنَا قَالَ مَنْ يَمْنَعُكَ مِنَى ؟ قُلْتُ اللهُ ثَلاثًا وَلَمْ يُعَاقِبُهُ وَجَلَسَ. متفق عليهوفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ جَابِرٌ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ فَإِذَا أَتَيْنَا عَلَى شَجَرَةٍ ظليلَةٍ تَرَكْنَاهَا

لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَسَيْفَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُعَلِّقٌ بِالشَّجَرَةِ فَاخْتَرَطَهُ فَقَالَ تَخَافُنِي؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَمَنْ يُمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي ؟ قَالَ اللَّهُ. وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرِ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِي

فِي صَحِيحِهِ قَالَ مَنْ يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي؟ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَسَقَطَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ السَّيْفَ فَقَالَ مَنْ يُمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي فَقَالَ كُنْ خَيْرَ أَخِرٍ فَقَالَ تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَآتِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ لا

وَلَكِنِّي أَعَاهِدُكَ أَنْ لا أَقَاتِلَكَ وَلَا أَكُونَ مَعَ قَوْمٍ يُقَاتِلُونَكَ فَخَلَى سَبِيلَهُ فَأَتَى أَصْحَابَهُ فَقَالَ جِئْتُكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ خَيْرِ النَّاسِ . قَولُهُ قَفَلَ أَى رَجَعَ وَالْعِضَاهُ الشَّجَرُ الَّذِي لَهُ شَوْكَ وَالسَّمَرَةُ بِفَتْحِ السِّينِ وَضَمَ الْمِيمِ الشَّجَرَةُ مِنَ

الطَّلْحِ وَهِيَ الْعِظَامُ مِنْ شَجَرِ الْعِضَاءِ وَاخْتَرَطَ السَّيْفَ أَي سَلَهُ وَهُوَ فِي يَدِهِ صَلْنَا أَيْ مَسْلُولاً وَهُوَ بِفَتْحِ الصَّادِ وَضَمِّهَا .

78. Narrated by Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). He waged jihad in the Najd region with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) returned, he also returned with him. At midday, they all arrived at a plain where there were many thorny trees. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) dismounted there, while the others dispersed in search of the shade of the trees. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) went into the shade of an acacia tree and hung his sword on the tree. We all fell asleep. Suddenly, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) began calling us. There was a Bedouin near him. He said: This man tried to strike me with my sword while I was asleep. I awoke and found the naked sword in his hand. He said to me, “Who will save you from me now?” I said three times, “Allah.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not punish the man and sat down. Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Another narration from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) states: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) during the Battle of Dhat al-Riqa. We reached a shade-giving tree and left it for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to rest beneath. A man from among the polytheists came. The Messenger of Allah’s (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sword was hanging on the tree. He took it down and said, “Do you fear me?” He replied, “No.” He again said, “Then who will save you from me?” He replied, “Allah.”

In the narration mentioned by Abu Bakr al-Isma‘ili in his Sahih, it states that the polytheist said, “Who will save you from me?” He replied, “Allah.” Upon this, the sword fell from the man’s hand. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) picked up the sword and said to him, “Who will save you from me?” He replied, “Be the best captor.” He said, “Do you testify that there is no deity but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah?” He replied, “No. However, I promise you that I will not fight against you, nor will I assist anyone who fights against you.” So he let him go. The polytheist then returned to his companions and said to them, “I have come to you after meeting the best of people.”

۷۹- عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لَوْ أَنَّكُمْ تَتَوَكَّلُونَ عَلَى اللهِ حَقَّ تَوَكَّلِه لَرَزَقَكُمْ كَمَا يَرْزُقُ الطَّيْرَ تَغْدُو خمَاصًا وَتَرُوحُ بِطَانًا . رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

مَعْنَاهُ تَذْهَبُ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ خِمَاصًا أَى ضَامِرَةَ البُطُونِ مِنَ الْجُوعِ وَتَرْجِعُ آخِرَ النَّهَارِ بطانًا أَي مُمْتَلَثَةَ الْبُطُون .

79. Narrated by Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: If you placed your trust in Allah as you ought to, He would provide for you just as He provides for the birds. They leave in the morning with empty stomachs and return in the evening with full stomachs.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and classified it as hasan.

عَنْ أَبِي عِمَارَةَ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا فُلانُ إِذَا أَوَيْتَ إِلَى فِرَاشِكَ فَقُلْ اللَّهُمَّ أَسْلَمْتُ نَفْسِي إِلَيْكَ وَوَجْهُتُ وَجْهِي إِلَيْكَ وَفَوَّضْتُ أَمْرِى إِلَيْكَ وَالْجَأْتُ ظَهْرِي إِلَيْكَ

رَغْبَةً ورَهْبَةً إِلَيْكَ لا مَلْجَاءَ وَلَا مَنْجَا مِنْكَ إِلا إِلَيْكَ أَمَنْتُ بِكِتَابِكَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلْتَ وَنَبِيِّكَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلْتَ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ مِنْ مِنْ لَيُلَتِكَ مِنْ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ وَإِنْ أَصْبَحْتَ أصبت خيرا – متفق عليه وفي رواية في الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ قَالَ

قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا آتَيْتَ مَضْجَعَكَ فَتَوَضَّا وُضُوءَكَ لِلصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ اضطجع عَلَى شِقِّكَ الْأَيْمَنِ وَقُلْ وَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَاجْعَلْهُنَّ آخِرَ مَا تَقُولُ .

80. Narrated by al-Bara ibn Azib (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: O so-and-so! When you go to your bed, say: “O Allah, I submit myself to You, turn my face toward You, entrust my affairs to You, and rest my back upon You. I do all this out of fear of You and hope for Your reward. There is no refuge or escape from You except toward You. I believe in Your Book which You have revealed and in Your Prophet whom You have sent.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: If you die that night, you will die upon Islam; and if you remain alive until morning, you will attain goodness.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration by al-Bukhari and Muslim states: Al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) told me: When you go to sleep, perform ablution as you do for prayer, then lie on your right side and recite this supplication. He then recited the supplication mentioned above. He said: Make this supplication the last thing you say.

اللَّهِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَبد الله ۱- عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ . عُمَرَ بْنِ كَعْبِ ابْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُغَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبِ الْقُرَيْشِي التَّيْمِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ وَآبُوهُ وَأُمُّهُ صَحَابَةٌ رَضِيَ

اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ نَظَرْتُ إِلَى اقدام الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَنَحْنُ فِي الْغَارِ وَهُمْ عَلَى رُؤُوسِنَا فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ نَظَرَ تَحْتَ قَدَمَيْهِ لَأَبْصَرْنَا فَقَالَ مَا ظَنُّكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرِ بِاثْنَيْنِ اللَّهُ ثالثهما – متفق عليه .

81. Narrated by Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: While I was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the cave of Mount Thawr, I looked at the feet of the polytheists. They were above our heads—this occurred during the Hijrah. I said, “O Messenger of Allah, if any one of them were to look beneath his feet, he would see us.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “O Abu Bakr, what do you think of two people whose third is Allah?” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

۲- عَنْ أَمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَاسْمُهَا هِندُ بِنْتِ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ حُذَيْفَةَ الْمَخْزُومِيَّةِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أَضِلَّ أَوْ أَضَلَّ أَوْ

أَزِلَ أَوْ أَزَلَ أَوْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أَظْلَمَ أَوْ أَجْهَلَ أَوْ يُجْهَلَ عَلَى – (حَدِيث صَحِيح)رواه أبو داودَ وَالتَّرْمِذِى وَغَيْرُهُمَا بِأَسَانِيدَ صَحِيحَةٍ قَالَ التَّرْمِذِى حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ أَبِي دَاوُدَ .

82. Narrated by Umm al-Mu’minin Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) left his house, he would say: “In the name of Allah, I place my trust in Allah. O Allah, I seek refuge in You lest I go astray or be led astray; lest I slip or be made to slip; lest I wrong or be wronged; lest I act ignorantly or be treated ignorantly.”

Imam Abu Dawud, Imam al-Tirmidhi, and other imams narrated this hadith with authentic chains of transmission. Imam al-Tirmidhi classified it as hasan and sahih. The wording of the hadith here is taken from Abu Dawud.

– عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ قَالَ يَعْنِي إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ بِسْمِ اللهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ يُقَالُ لَهُ هُدِيَّتَ وَكُفِيتَ وَوُقِيْتَ وَتَنَحَى عَنْهُ الشَّيْطَانُ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ

والترمذي وَالنِّسَائِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمْ وَقَالَ التِرْمِذِى حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَيَقُولُ يَعْنِي الشَّيْطَانَ لِشَيْطَانِ أَخَرَ كَيْفَ لَكَ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ هُدِى وَكُفِي وَوُقِي؟

83. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever, when leaving his house, says, “In the name of Allah, I place my trust in Allah. There is no power and no strength except through Allah,” it is said to him: “You have been guided, you have been sufficed, and you have been protected.” Satan then withdraws from him.

This hadith was narrated by Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, and al-Nasa’i, and al-Tirmidhi classified it as hasan. Abu Dawud adds: Satan says to another devil, “How can you overcome a man who has been guided, sufficed, and protected?”

٨٤- وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ أَخَوَانِ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَانَ أَحْدُهُمَا يَأْتِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْآخَرُ يَحْتَرِفُ فَشَكَا الْمُحْتَرِفُ أَخَاهُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَعَلَّكَ تُرْزَقُ

بِهِ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي بِاسْنَادِ صَحِيحِ عَلَى شَرْطِ مُسْلِمٍ يَحْتَرِفُ يَكْتَسِبُ وَيَتَسَبِّبُ .

84. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: During the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), there were two brothers. One of them used to come to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), while the other was occupied with his trade. The working brother complained about his brother to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Perhaps you are being provided for through him.” (Al-Tirmidhi)

Section 8 — Istiqamah, or Steadfast Devotion

Istiqamah, or Steadfast Devotion [The word istiqamah primarily means firmness and straightness. In following Allah’s path, a believer must remain unwavering, steadfast, and firm in faith, thought, actions, and character, confronting all obstacles without compromise and moving forward. He must abandon crooked thoughts and paths and always proceed straightforwardly on this path. In Islamic terminology, such firmness and straightness are called istiqamah. (Translator)]

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : فَاسْتَقِمْ كَمَا أُمِرْتَ .

Allah the Exalted says:

(1) “Remain steadfast as you have been commanded.” (Surah Hud: 112)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا رَبُّنَا اللهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقَامُوا تَتَنَزَّلُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَنْ لا تَخَافُوا وَلَا تَحْزَنُوا وَأَبْشِرُوا بِالْجَنَّةِ الَّتِي كُنتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ نَحْنُ أَوْلِيَاؤُكُم فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا مَا تَشتَهِي أَنْفُسُكُمْ وَلَكُمْ فِيْهَا

مَا تَدْعُونَ نُزُلاً مِنْ غَفُورٍ رَّحِيم .

(2) “Indeed, those who say, ‘Our Lord is Allah,’ and then remain steadfast, the angels descend upon them, saying, ‘Do not fear, nor grieve, but rejoice in the good news of Paradise which you were promised. We are your friends in the worldly life and in the Hereafter. There you will have whatever your souls desire, and there you will have whatever you ask for—an offering from the One who is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.’” (Surah Fussilat: 30–32)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا رَبُّنَا اللهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقَامُوا فَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ .

(3) “Indeed, those who say, ‘Our Lord is Allah,’ and then remain steadfast—there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve. They will be the inhabitants of Paradise, remaining there forever as a reward for what they used to do.” (Surah al-Ahqaf: 13–14)

٨٥ عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرُو وَقَبْلَ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قُلْ لِي فِي الْإِسْلامِ قَوْلاً لَا أَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ أَحَدًا غَيْرَكَ قَالَ قُلْ أمَنْتُ بِاللهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَقِمْ – رواه مسلم .

85. Narrated by Sufyan ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I said, “O Messenger of Allah, tell me something about Islam so that I will not need to ask anyone else about it.” He said: “Say, ‘I believe in Allah,’ and then remain steadfast upon it.” (Muslim)

٨٦- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَارِبُوا وَسَدِّدُوا وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ لَنْ يُنْجُوَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ بِعَمَلِهِ قَالُوا وَلَا أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ الله؟ قَالَ وَلَا أَنَا إِلا أَن يَتَغَمَّدَنِي اللهُ بِرَحْمَةٍ مِنْهُ وَفَضْل – رواه

مسلم . وَالْمُقَارَبَةُ الْقَصْدُ الذى لا غُلُو فِيهِ وَلَا تَقْصِيرَ وَالسَّدَادُ الْاسْتَقَامَةُ وَالْأَصَابَةُ وَيَتَعَمَّدُنِي يُلْبِسُنِي وَيَسْتُرُنِي. قَالَ الْعُلَمَاءُ مَعْنَى الْإِسْتِقَامَةِ لُزُوْمُ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قَالُوا وَهِيَ مِنْ جَوَامِعِ الكَلِم وَهِيَ نِظَامُ الْأُمُورِ وَبِاللَّهِ

التَّوْفِيقِ.

86. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Maintain moderation and remain steadfast. Know that none of you will be saved by his deeds. The Companions asked, “Not even you, O Messenger of Allah?” He said: “Not even me, unless Allah envelops me in His mercy and grace.” (Muslim)

Section 9 — Reflecting on Allah’s magnificent creation, the transience of worldly life, the conditions of the Hereafter and all matters related to them; remedying the faults of the nafs; and encouraging steadfastness upon the religion

Reflecting on Allah’s magnificent creation, the transience of worldly life, the conditions of the Hereafter and all matters related to them; remedying the faults of the nafs; and encouraging steadfastness upon the religion [Allah is the only Creator, and everything else is His creation. Through reflection and study of creation, one gains knowledge of the Creator as well as evidence of His greatness and infinite power. The human being is a wondrous creation. On the one hand, he is His servant, and on the other, His vicegerent. The human being has both of these relationships with the Creator. By properly understanding and maintaining these relationships, a person can fulfill his responsibilities and duties and attain true welfare and progress, salvation and reward in this world and the Hereafter. Therefore, reflecting and studying all creation, including the human self, is essential. (Translator)]

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : قُلْ إِنَّمَا أَعِظُكُمْ بِوَاحِدَةٍ أَنْ تَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ مَثْنَى وَفُرَادَى ثُمَّ تَتَفَكَّرُوا

Allah the Exalted says:

(1) “Say: I advise you only of one thing: that you stand for Allah, individually and in pairs, and then reflect.” (Surah Saba: 46)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلافِ الَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ لَآيَاتٍ لأولى الْأَلْبَابِ الَّذِينَ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَى جُنُوبِهِم وَيَتَفَكَّرُونَ فِي خلق السمواتِ وَالْأَرْضِ رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقْتَ هَذا بَاطِلاً سُبْحَانَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ.

(2) “Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of night and day are signs for people of understanding—those who remember Allah while standing, sitting, and lying on their sides, and reflect on the creation of the heavens and the earth, saying: ‘Our Lord, You have not created this in vain. Glory be to You, so protect us from the punishment of the Fire.’” (Surah Al Imran: 190–191)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : أَفَلا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلى الابلِ كَيْفَ خُلِقَتْ وَإِلَى السَّمَاءِ كَيْفَ رُفِعَتْ وإلى الْجِبَالِ كَيْفَ نُصِبَتْ وَإِلَى الْأَرْضِ كَيْفَ سُطِحَتْ فَذَكِّرُ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مُذَكِّر .

(3) “Do they not look at the camels—how they were created; at the sky—how it was raised; at the mountains—how they were firmly set up; and at the earth—how it was spread out? So remind them, for you are only a reminder.” (Surah al-Ghashiyah: 17–21)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرُوا ….. الآيَةَ .

“Do they not travel through the earth and see what was the end of those before them?” (Surah Yusuf: 109)

There are many other verses in this chapter.

وَمِنَ الْأَحَادِيثِ الْحَدِيثُ السَّابِقُ الْكَيْسُ مَنْ دَانَ نَفْسَهُ .

The previously mentioned Hadith 66—“The intelligent person is the one who takes account of himself…”—is relevant to this chapter.

Section 10 — Hastening toward good deeds and encouraging those who hasten, so that they abandon delay and make an effort

Hastening toward good deeds and encouraging those who hasten, so that they abandon delay and make an effort [The original Arabic contains the word mubadarah. It means competition and immediate initiative—in other words, acting promptly through competition without procrastination. Being immediately active, rather than lazy, idle, or slack in work, is a characteristic of the believer. The Qur’an and Hadith encourage competing with one another in religious work and in sacrifice and devotion for the religion, rather than being busy and restless merely for worldly advancement. Therefore, competition and immediate initiative are essential in the struggle to establish the religion and in all religious work. (Translator)].

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : فَاسْتَبِقُوا الْخَيْرَاتِ .

Allah the Exalted says:

(1) “So compete with one another in good deeds.” (Surah al-Baqarah: 148)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَسَارِعُوا إِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمَوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ أعدت للمتقين .

(2) “Hasten toward forgiveness from your Lord and a Paradise as vast as the heavens and the earth, prepared for those mindful of Allah.” (Surah Al Imran: 133)

۸۷ ۷- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ بَادِرُوا بِالْأَعْمَالِ فَسَتَكُونُ فِتَنَا كَقِطَعِ اللَّيْلِ الْمُظْلِمِ يُصْبِحُ الرَّجُلُ مُؤْمِنًا وَيُمْسِي كَافِرًا ويُمْسِي مُؤْمِنًا وَيُصْبِحُ كَافِرًا يَبِيعُ دِينَهُ بَعَرَضَ مِنَ

الدُّنْيَا – رواه مسلم.

87. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Hasten to perform good deeds before trials come like portions of a dark night. A person will be a believer in the morning and a disbeliever by evening, or a believer in the evening and a disbeliever by morning. He will sell his religion for a worldly gain. (Muslim)

۸۸- عَنْ أَبِي سِرْوَعَةَ بِكَسْرِ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَفَتْحِهَا عُقْبَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ صَلَّيْتُ وَرَاءَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ الْعَصْرَ فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَامَ مُشْرِعًا فَتَخَطَى رِقَابَ النَّاسِ إِلَى بَعْضٍ حُجَرٍ نِسَائِهِ

فَفَزِعَ النَّاسُ مِنْ سُرْعَتِهِ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَرَأَى أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ عَجِبُوا مِنْ سُرْعَتِهِ قَالَ ذَكَرْتُ شَيْئًا مِنْ تَبْرُ عِنْدِنَا فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ يُحْبِسَنِي فَأَمَرْتُ بِقِسْمَتِهِ – رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ كُنْتُ خَلَقْتُ فِي الْبَيْتِ تَبْرًا مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَكَرِهْتُ

أَنْ أَبَيْتَهُ. التبر” قطعُ ذَهَبٍ أو فضة.

88. Narrated by Uqbah ibn al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I performed the Asr prayer behind the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in Madinah. He concluded the prayer with salam, then rose hurriedly and crossed over the people toward the rooms of his wives. The people became alarmed at his haste. He then came out and saw that they were astonished by his haste. He said: I remembered a piece of gold or silver that we had, and I disliked keeping it with me. So I went and ordered that it be distributed. (Al-Bukhari) Another narration by al-Bukhari states: A piece of gold given in charity had remained in the house, and I disliked spending the night with it.

عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَجُل لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أحد أرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فَأَيْنَ أَنَا ؟ قَالَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَالْقَى تَمَرَاتٍ كُنْ فِي يَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتل متفق عليه .

89. Narrated by Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: A man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) on the day of Uhud, “If I am killed, where will I be?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “In Paradise.” He then threw away the dates that were in his hand and fought until he was martyred. (Bukhari and Muslim)

– عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا ؟ قَالَ أَن تَصَدَّقَ وَأَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ شَعِيحٌ تَخْشَى الْفَقْرَ وَتَأْمُلُ الْغِنَى وَلَا تُمْهِلُ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ

الْخَلْقُوْمَ قُلْتَ لِفُلَانِ كَذَا وَلِفُلان كَذَا وَقَدْ كَانَ لِفُلان متفق عليه. الْخَلقُومُ مَجْرَى النَّفَسِ وَالْمَرِئُ مَجْرَى الطَّعَامِ والشراب .

90. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and asked, “O Messenger of Allah, which charity carries the greatest reward?” He said: “That you give charity while you are healthy, covetous of wealth, fearing poverty and hoping for riches. Do not delay giving charity until death approaches and you say, ‘This much is for so-and-so and that much is for so-and-so,’ although it has already become destined for so-and-so. That is, give charity before the moment of death arrives, because after death this wealth will inevitably become someone else’s.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

۹۱- عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخَذَ سَبْعًا يَوْمَ أَحُدٍ فَقَالَ مَنْ يَأْخُذُ مِنَى هَذَا ؟ فَبَسَطُوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ كُلُّ إِنْسَانِ مِنْهُمْ يَقُولُ أَنَا أنَا قَالَ فَمَنْ يَأْخُذُهُ بِحَقِّهِ؟ فَاحْجَمَ الْقَوْمُ فَقَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ رَضِيَ

اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَا أَخُذُهُ بِحَقِّهِ فَأَخَذَهُ فَفَلَقَ بِهِ هَامَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ – رواه مسلم. اسْمُ أَبِي دُجَانَةَ سِمَاكُ بْنُ خَرَشَةَ قَولُهُ احْجَمَ الْقَوْمُ أَي تَوَقَّفُوا وَفَلَقَ بِه أَي شَقِّ هَامَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَي رُءُوسَهُمْ.

91. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). On the day of the Battle of Uhud, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) took up a sword and said: “Who will take this from me?” Everyone stretched out his hand and began saying, “I, I.” He said: “Who will take it while fulfilling its due right?” At this, all the people stopped. Then Abu Dujanah (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “I will take it while fulfilling its due right.” He took it and beheaded the polytheists with it. (Muslim)

٩٢- عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ عَدِي قَالَ آتَيْنَا أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَشَكَوْنَا إِلَيْهِ مَا تَلْقَى مِنَ الْحَجاجِ فَقَالَ اصْبِرُوا فَإِنَّهُ لا يَأْتِي زَمَانٌ إِلَّا وَالَّذِي بَعْدَهُ شَرٌّ مِنْهُ حَتَّى تَلْقَوْا رَبَّكُمْ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ نَبِيِّكُمْ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رواه

البخاري .

92. Narrated by Zubair ibn Adi (may Allah have mercy on him). He said: I came to Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) and complained to him about the persecution we were suffering at the hands of Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf. He said: “Be patient, for whenever an age comes, the age after it is worse than the one before it. This will continue until you meet your Lord.” I heard this from your Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). (Bukhari)

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ بَادِرُوا بِالْأَعْمَالِ سَبْعًا هَلْ تَنْتَظِرُونَ إِلا فَقْراً مُنْسَبًا أَوْ عَنِّي مُطْغَيًا أَوْ مَرَضًا مُفْسِدُ أَوْ هَرَمًا مُفْئِداً أَوْ مَوْتًا مُجهزاً أو الدجالَ فَشَرُّ غَائِبِ يُنْتَظِرُ أَوِ

السَّاعَةَ فَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَآمَرُ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

93. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Hasten to perform all deeds before seven things overtake you. Are you waiting for poverty that causes you to forget the observance of Islam’s commands? Or wealth that drives you toward opposition to Islam? Or an illness that ruins your body? Or old age that destroys your intellect? Or sudden death? Or the hidden, evil Dajjal to appear? Or the Hour to arrive? The Hour is indeed most terrible and bitter.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and classified it as hasan.

٩٤ – وَعَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ لَأُعْطِيَنٌ هَذِهِ الراية رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يَفْتَحُ اللهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مَا أحْبَبْتُ الإِمَارَةَ الأ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَتَسَاوَرْتُ لَهَا رَجَاءَ أَنْ أَدْعَى لَهَا فَدَعَا

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِب رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهَا وَقَالَ امش ولا تَلْتَفِتُ حَتَّى يَفْتَحَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ فَسَارَ عَلِيٌّ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ وَقَفَ وَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ فَصَرَخَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَاذَا أَقَاتِلُ النَّاسَ قَالَ قَاتِلُهُمْ

حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ مَنَعُوا مِنْكَ دِمَاءَهُمْ وأموالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ – رواه مسلم. قَوْلُهُ فَتَسَاوَرْتُ هُوَ بالسِّينِ الْمُهَمَلَةِ أَيْ وَتَبْتُ مُتَطَلَعًا

94. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said on the day of the Battle of Khaybar: “I shall give this banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger. Allah will grant victory through his hands.” Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I had never desired leadership, but on that day I became eager to receive it. Thus I hoped that I would be called.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) called Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and gave him the banner, saying: “Go forward and do not turn your gaze until Allah grants you victory.” Ali advanced a little and stopped, but did not turn around. He called out, “O Messenger of Allah, on what basis—and for how long—should I fight the people?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Fight them until they testify that there is no deity except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. When they give this testimony, they will protect their lives and property from you, except with their due right; and their reckoning is with Allah.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Chapter 11: Mujahadah (striving)

Mujahadah (striving) [The word mujahadah means exerting one’s utmost strength and making the greatest effort. Islam is a complete way of life. Acquiring the necessary knowledge about it and striving uncompromisingly, collectively and in unity, with all one’s strength to establish and make it victorious in practice—through dawah, organization, training, and reforming oneself, society and the state—is called mujahadah. Through this mujahadah, it becomes possible to attain the ultimate goal of human life: Allah’s pleasure and nearness. (Translator)]

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى وَالَّذِينَ جَاهَدُوا فِينَا لَنَهْدِيَنَّهُمْ سُبُلَنَا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمَعَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ).

The Almighty Allah says:

(1) “Those who strive for Our sake, We shall surely guide them to Our ways. And surely Allah is with those who do good.” (Surah al-Ankabut: 69)

وقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَاعْبُدْ رَبِّكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ الْيَقِينُ .

(2) “Worship your Lord until that which is certain to come to you—death—comes to you.” (Surah al-Hijr: 99)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : واذْكُرِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ وَتَبَتَّلْ إِلَيْهِ تَبْتِيلاً.

(3) “Continue to remember the name of your Lord and devote yourself exclusively to Him.” (Surah al-Muzzammil: 8)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَمَنْ يُعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ .

(4) “Therefore, whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it.” (Surah al-Zilzal: 7)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَا تُقَدِّمُوا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ تَجِدُوهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ هُوَ خَيْرًا وأعظم أجرا .

(5) “Whatever good deeds you send ahead for yourselves, you will find them with Allah—better and greater in reward.” (Surah al-Muzzammil: 20)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَا تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ .

(6) “Whatever you spend in charity, Allah knows it very well.” (Surah al-Baqarah: 273)

٩٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ مَنْ عَادَى لِي وَلِيًّا فَقَدْ أَذَنْتُهُ بِالْحَرْبِ وَمَا تَقَرِّبَ إِلَى عَبْدِي بِشَيْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا افْتَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَا يَزَالُ عَبْدِي يَتَقَرَّبُ

إِلَى بِالنَّوَافِلِ حَتَّى أُحِبُّهُ فَإِذَا أَحْبَبْتُهُ كُنْتُ سَمْعَهُ الَّذِي يَسْمَعُ بِهِ وَبَصَرَهُ الَّذِي يُبْصِرُ بِهِ وَيَدَهُ الَّتِي يَبْطِسُ بِهَا وَرِجْلَهُ الَّتِي يَمْشِي بِهَا وَإِنْ سَأَلَنِي أَعْطَيْتُهُ وَلَئِنِ اسْتَعَاذَنِي لَأَعِيدَنَّهُ. رواه البخاري – أذَنْتُهُ اعْلَمْتُهُ بِأَنِّي

مُحَارِبٌ لَهُ اسْتَعَاذَنِي رُوِيَ بِالنُّوْنِ وَبِالْبَاءِ.

95. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Allah says, “Whoever shows hostility to one of My friends, I declare war against him. My servant does not draw nearer to Me with anything more beloved to Me than the obligations I have imposed upon him. My servant continues to draw nearer to Me through voluntary acts until I love him. When I love him, I become his hearing with which he hears, his sight with which he sees, his hand with which he grasps and his foot with which he walks. (That is, through obligatory and voluntary acts, the servant attains such nearness to Allah and loves Him so greatly that He directs every limb of that servant toward His pleasure and approval. Consequently, the servant does not commit any act that incurs Allah’s displeasure.) If he asks Me for something, I give it to him, and if he seeks refuge with Me, I surely grant him refuge.” (Bukhari)

٩٦- عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيْمَا يَرْوِثِهِ عَنْ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ قَالَ إِذَا تَقَرَّبَ الْعَبْدُ إِلَى شِبْرًا تَقَرِّبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ذِرَاعًا وَإِذَا تَقَرَّبَ إِلَى ذراعا تقربْتُ مِنْهُ بَاعًا وَإِذَا أَتَانِي يَمْشِي أَتَيْتُهُ هَرُولَةً – رواه

البخاري .

96. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that the Almighty Allah says: “When the servant draws near to Me by a handspan, I draw near to him by a cubit. When he draws near to Me by a cubit, I draw near to him by two cubits. And when he comes to Me walking, I come to him running.” (Bukhari) [The meaning of this hadith is that the more the servant performs deeds pleasing to Allah and seeks His pleasure and love through obedience, the more Allah raises him in love and directs all his limbs according to His pleasure and will. (Translator)]

۹۷- عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ الصحة والفراغ – رواه البخاري .

97. Narrated by Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “There are two blessings regarding which many people suffer loss: health and free time.” (Bukhari) (That is, health and free time are great blessings from Allah Almighty in human life. However, most people, driven by their desires, become absorbed in entertainment and fail to make use of these blessings in due time. Consequently, they later have no limit to their regret, because health does not always remain the same; illness may come at any time. Likewise, busyness may follow free time, and then a person is deprived of the opportunity to engage in worship and devotion.)

ى اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُومُ مِنَ ۹۸- عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيا اللَّيْلِ حَتَّى تَتَفَطَّرَ قَدَمَاهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لِمَ تَصْنَعُ هُذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَكَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ؟ قَالَ أَفَلَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَكُونَ عَبْدًا

شَكُورًا ؟ متفق عليه هذَا لَفْظُ الْبُخَارِيِّ وَنَحْوَهُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ .

98. Narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would worship so much at night that his feet would become swollen and cracked. I said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, why do you do this when Allah has forgiven you all your past and future sins?” He said: “Should I not love to be a grateful servant of Allah?” (Bukhari and Muslim)

The wording of the hadith is from Bukhari; a similar narration through Mughirah ibn Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) appears in both Bukhari and Muslim.

٩٩- عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرُ أَحْيَا اللَّيْلَ وَايْقَظَ أَهْلَهُ وَجَدٌ وَشَدَّ الْمِنْزَرَ – متفق عليه . وَالْمُرَادُ الْعَشْرُ الْأَوَاخِرُ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَالْمِنْزَرُ الْإِزارُ وَهُوَ كِنَايَةً

عَنْ اعْتِزَالِ النِّسَاءِ وَقِيلَ الْمُرَادُ تَشْمِيرُهُ لِلْعِبَادَةِ يُقَالُ شَدَاتٌ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْزَرِي أَيْ تَشَمَّرْتُ وَتَفَرَّعْتُ لَهُ .

99. Narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: When the last ten days of Ramadan began, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would stay awake throughout the night in worship and would awaken his family. During this time, he would gird himself and devote himself to worship.

Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

١٠٠ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْقَوِيُّ خَيْرٌ وَأَحَبُّ إِلى اللهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ الضَّعِيفَ وَفِي كُلِّ خَيْرٌ احْرِصُ عَلَى مَا يَنْفَعُكَ وَاسْتَعِنُ بِاللهِ وَلَا تَعْجَرُ وَإِنْ أَصَابَكَ شَيْ فَلَا

تَقُلْ لَوْ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُ كَانَ كَذَا وكَذَا وَلكِنْ قُلْ قَدْرَ اللهُ وَمَا شَاءَ فَعَلَ فَإِنْ لَوْ تَفْتَحُ عَمَلَ الشَّيْطَانِ – رواه مسلم.

100. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The strong believer is better and more beloved to Allah than the weak believer, though there is good in each. Strive for what benefits you, seek Allah’s help and do not be weak. If something befalls you, do not say, ‘If only I had done such-and-such, it would have been such-and-such.’ Rather say, ‘Allah decreed this, and He does whatever He wills,’ for the word ‘if’ opens the door to Satan’s work.” (Muslim)

١٠١ – وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ حُجِبَتِ النَّارُ بِالشَّهَوَاتِ وَحُجِبَتِ الْجَنَّةُ بِالْمَكَارِهِ – متفق عليه وفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمِ حُقَّتْ بَدَلَ حُجِبَتْ وَهُوَ بِمَعْنَاهُ أَي بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا هُذَا الْحِجَابُ فَإِذَا فَعَلَهُ دَخَلَهَا

101. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Hell is veiled by desirable things, and Paradise is veiled by hardships.” (Bukhari and Muslim) [The meaning of this hadith is that a person engrossed in greed, desire and luxury becomes deserving of Hell. And a person who bears trials, calamities and hardship while remaining steadfast upon the religion becomes deserving of Paradise. (Translator)]

۱۰۲ – عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَافْتَتَحَ الْبَقَرَةَ فَقُلْتُ يَرْكَعُ عِنْدَ الْمِائَةِ ثُمَّ مَضَى فَقُلْتُ يُصَلِّى بِهَا فِي رَكْعَةٍ فَمَضَى فَقُلْتُ يَرْكَعُ بِهَا ثُمَّ

افْتَتَحَ النِّسَاءَ فَقَرَأَهَا ثُمَّ افْتَتَحَ آلَ عِمْرَانَ فَقَرَأَهَا يَقْرَأُ مُتَرَسِلاً إِذَا مَرَّ بِآيَةٍ فِيهَا تَسْبِيحَ سَبْحَ وَإِذَا مَرَّ بِسُؤالٍ سَأَلَ وَإِذَا مَرْ بِتَعَودَ تَعَوَّذَ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّي الْعَظِيمِ فَكَانَ رَكُوْعُهُ نَحُوا مِنْ قِيَامِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ

لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبُّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ ثُمَّ قَامَ قِيَامًا طويلاً قَرِيبًا مِمَّا رَكَعَ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى فَكَانَ سُجُودُهُ قَرِيبًا مِنْ قِيَامِهِ – رواه مسلم .

102. Narrated by Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I prayed one night with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He began reciting Surah al-Baqarah. I thought to myself that he might bow after reciting one hundred verses, but he continued. I thought that he might complete the surah in one rakah, but he continued reciting. I thought that he would then bow, but he began Surah al-Nisa. After completing it, he began Surah Aal Imran. He recited slowly and deliberately. Whenever he came across a verse glorifying Allah, he glorified Him; whenever he came across a verse containing a request, he asked Allah; and whenever he came across a verse seeking refuge, he sought refuge. Then he bowed and said, “Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great.” His bowing was as long as his standing. Then he said, “Allah hears whoever praises Him.” He then stood for nearly as long as he had bowed. Then he prostrated and said, “Glory be to my Lord, the Most High.” His prostration was also nearly as long as his standing. (Muslim)

۱۰۳ – عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْلَةَ فَأَطَالَ الْقِيَامَ حَتَّى هَمَمْتُ بِأَمْرِ سُوءٍ قَبْلَ وَمَا هَمَمْتَ بِهِ؟ قَالَ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَجْلِسَ وَآدَعَهُ – متفق عليه.

103. Narrated by Ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I prayed one night with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He stood for a long time in prayer, until I even intended to do something improper. Ibn Masud was asked, “What improper thing did you intend to do?” He replied: “I intended to sit down while leaving him standing in prayer.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

١٠٤ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى وَاحِدٌ يَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ ويبقى عمله – متفق عليه .

104. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Three things follow the deceased: his family, his wealth and his deeds. Two return, while one remains. His family and wealth return, and his deeds remain.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

١٠٥ – عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الجنَّةُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى أَحَدِكُمْ مِنْ شِرَاكَ نَعْلِهِ وَالنَّارُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

105. Narrated by Ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Paradise is nearer to each of you than the strap of his sandal, and so is Hell.” (Bukhari)

١٠٦ – عَنْ أَبِي فِرَاسٍ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ الْأَسْلَمِي خَادِمٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ الصَّفَةِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنتُ أَبِيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاتِهِ بِوَضُوْنِهِ وَحَاجَتِهِ فَقَالَ سَلْنِي فَقُلْتُ

أَسْأَلُكَ مُرَافَقَتَكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَقَالَ أَوَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قُلْتُ هُوَ ذَاكَ قَالَ فَأَعِنِّى عَلَى نَفْسِكَ بكثرة السجود . رواه مسلم.

106. Abu Firas Rabi‘ah ibn Ka‘b al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said. He was the Messenger of Allah’s servant and a member of the Companions of the Suffah. He said: I would spend the night with the Messenger of Allah and bring him water for ablution and other things he needed. One day he said to me, “Ask me for whatever you wish.” I said, “I wish to remain with you in Paradise.” He said, “Anything else?” I said, “That is all I want.” He said, “Then help me achieve this for you by performing many prostrations.” (Muslim)

١٠٧ – عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ وَيُقَالُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ثَوْبَانَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ عَلَيْكَ بكثَرَةِ السُّجُودِ فَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِلَّهِ سَجْدَةً إِلَّا رَفَعَكَ اللَّهُ بِهَا دَرَجَةً

وَحَطَّ عَنْكَ بهَا خَطِيئَة – رواه مسلم .

107. Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him), the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah, said: I heard the Messenger of Allah say: You should perform many prostrations. For whenever you prostrate once before Allah, Allah surely raises you by one degree through it and erases one of your sins. (Muslim)

١٠٨ عَنْ أَبِي صَفْوَانَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُشِّرِ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْرُ النَّاسِ مَنْ طَالَ عُمُرُهُ وَحَسُنَ عَمَلَهُ – رواه الترمذى وَقَالَ حَديثُ حَسَنٌ .

108. Abu Safwan ‘Abdullah ibn Bustur al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: The Messenger of Allah said, “The best person is the one whose life is long and whose deeds are good.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and classified it as hasan.

۱۰۹ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ غَابَ عَمِّى أَنَسُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ قِتَالِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ غَيْتُ عَنْ أُولِ قِتَالٍ قَاتَلْتَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ لَئِنِ اللَّهُ اشْهَدَنِي قِتَالَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ لِيُرِيَنَّ اللهُ مَا أَصْنَعُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ

أَحُدٍ انْكَشَفَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اعْتَذِرُ إِلَيْكَ مِمَّا صَنَعَ هَؤُلَاءِ يَعْنِي أَصْحَابَهُ وَأَبْرَا إِلَيْكَ مِمَّا صَنَعَ هولاء يَعْنِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ تَقَدِّمَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَادٍ فَقَالَ يَا سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَادَ الْجَنَّةُ وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ إِنِّي أَجِدُ رِيحَهَا مِنْ

دُونِ أَحُدٍ فَقَالَ سَعْدُ فَمَا اسْتَطَعْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا صَنَعَ قَالَ أَنَسُ فَوَجَدْنَا بِهِ بِضُعًا وَثَمَانِينَ ضَرْبَةً بالسيف أو طعْنَةً بِرُمْح أَوْ رَحْيَةٌ بِسَهُم وَوَجَدْنَاهُ قَدْ قُتِلَ وَمَثْلَ بِهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَمَا عَرَقَهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَخْتُهُ بِبَنَانِهِ قَالَ أَنَسُ كُنَّا

نَرَى أَوْ نَظَنَّ أَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ وَفِي أَشْبَاهِهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ) … إِلى أخرها – متفق عليه. قَوْلُهُ لَيُرِيَنَّ اللهُ رُوِيَ بِضَمِّ الْيَاءِ وَكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ أَي لِيُظْهِرَنَّ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّاسِ وَرُوِيَ بِفَتْحِهِمَا

وَمَعْنَاهُ ظَاهِرُ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .

109. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: My uncle Anas ibn al-Nadr (may Allah be pleased with him) was absent from the Battle of Badr. Therefore he said, “O Messenger of Allah! I was absent from the first battle you fought against the polytheists. If Allah allows me to be present in a battle against the polytheists, He will surely show people what I will do.” Then, when the day of the Battle of Uhud came, the Muslims were exposed to the attack of the unbelievers—that is, they were apparently defeated. Anas ibn al-Nadr then said, “O Allah! I apologize to You for what my companions have done, and I declare that I have nothing to do with what the polytheists have done.” Then he advanced, and Sa‘d ibn Mu‘adh met him. He said to him, “O Sa‘d ibn Mu‘adh! By the Lord of the Ka‘bah, I smell the fragrance of Paradise from beyond Uhud.” Sa‘d said, “O Messenger of Allah! I cannot describe what he did.” Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We found more than eighty wounds on his body from swords, spears, or arrows. We also found that he had been martyred, and that the polytheists had mutilated his body. Thus, none of us could recognize him. However, his sister recognized him by his fingertips. Anas said: We used to think that this verse was revealed concerning him and those like him: “Among the believers are men who have been true to the covenant they made with Allah. Some of them have fulfilled their vow, and some are still waiting.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

١١٠ – عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَمْرُو الْأَنْصَارِي الْبَدْرِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لمَّا نَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الصَّدَقَةِ كُنَّا نُحَامِلُ عَلَى ظُهُورِنَا فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَتَصَدَّقَ بِشَيْءٍ كَثِيرٍ فَقَالُوا مُرَاء وَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ أَخَرُ فَتَصَدَّقَ بِصَاعٍ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِيٌّ عَنْ

صَاعِ هَذَا فَنَزَلَتْ الَّذِينَ يَلْمِزُونَ المُطوَعِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَجِدُونَ إِلا جُهْدَهُمْ) الآية – متفق عليه . وَنُحَامِلُ بِضَمِّ النُّونِ وَبِالْحَاءِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ أَي يَحْمِلُ أَحَدُنَا عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ بِالْأَجْرَةِ وَيَتَصَدِّقُ بِهَا .

110. Abu Mas‘ud ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amr al-Ansari al-Badri (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: When the verse concerning charity was revealed, we used to carry loads on our backs and give charity from the wages earned through this work. A man came and gave a large amount in charity. The hypocrites said, “This man is showing off.” Then another man came and gave one sa‘. The hypocrites said, “Allah has no need of this one sa‘.” Then this verse was revealed: “Those who mock the believers who willingly give charity and those who find nothing except what they can give after exerting their utmost effort—Allah mocks them, and for them is a painful punishment.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

۱۱۱ – عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍ جُنْدُبِ بْنِ جُنَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيمَا يَرْوِى عَنِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلَى نَفْسِي وَجَعَلْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ مُحَرِّمًا فَلا تَظَالَمُوا يَا عِبَادِي كُلُّكُمْ

ضَالُّ إِلَّا مَنْ هَدَيْتُهُ فَاسْتَهْدُونِي أَهْدِكُمْ يَا عِبَادِي كُلُّكُمْ جَائِعٌ إِلَّا مَنْ أَطْعَمْتُهُ فَاسْتَطْعِمُونِي أَطْعِمُكُمْ يَا عِبَادِي كُلُّكُمْ عَارِ إِلَّا مَنْ كَسَوْتُهُ فَاسْتَكْسُونِي أَكْسُكُمْ يَا عِبَادِي إِنَّكُمْ تُخْطِئُونَ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَأَنَا اغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ

جَمِيعًا فَاسْتَغْفِرُونِي أَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ يَا عِبَادِي إِنَّكُمْ لَنْ تَبْلُغُوا ضُرِى فَتَضُرُونِي وَلَنْ تَبْلُغُوا نَفْعِي فَتَنفَعُونِي يَا عِبَادِي لَوْ أَنْ أَوْلَكُمْ وَآخِرَكُمْ وَإِنْسَكُمْ وَجِنَّكُمْ كَانُوا عَلَى اتْقَى قَلْبِ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ مَا زَادَ ذلِكَ فِي مُلْكِى شَيْئًا يَا

عِبَادِي لَوْ أَنَّ أَوَّلَكُمْ وَآخِرَكُمْ وَأَنْسَكُمْ وَجِنَّكُم كَانُوا عَلَى أَفْجَرِ قَلْبِ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمُ مَا نَقَصَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ مُلْكِي شَيْئًا يَا عِبَادِي لَوْ أَنْ أَوْلَكُمْ وَآخِرَكُمْ وَإِنْسَكُمْ وَجِنَّكُمْ قَامُوا فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ فَسَأَلُونِي فَاعْطَيْتُ كُلَّ إِنْسَانِ

مَسْأَلَتَهُ مَا نَقَصَ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا عِنْدِي إِلا كَمَا يَنْقُصُ الْمِخْيَطُ إِذَا أُدْخِلَ الْبَحْرَ يَا عِبَادِي إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ أَحْصِيهَا لَكُمْ ثُمَّ أَوَفِّيْكُمْ إِيَّاهَا فَمَنْ وَجَدَ خَيْرًا فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ وَجَدَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ قَالَ سَعِيدٌ كَانَ أَبُو

إِدْرِيسَ إِذَا حَدَّثَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ جَنَا عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ – رواه مسلم وَرَوَيْنَا عَنِ الْإِمَامِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ قَالَ لَيْسَ لِأَهْلِ الشَّامِ حَدِيثُ أشرفُ مِنْ هذَا الْحَدِيثِ .

111. Abu Dharr Jundub ibn Junadah (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: The Prophet narrated from Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, that He said: “O My servants! I have forbidden oppression for Myself, and I have made it forbidden among you, so do not oppress one another. O My servants! All of you are astray except those whom I guide. So ask Me for guidance; I will guide you. O My servants! All of you are hungry except those whom I feed. So ask Me for food; I will feed you. O My servants! All of you are unclothed except those whom I clothe. So ask Me for clothing; I will clothe you. O My servants! You sin by night and by day, and I forgive all sins. So ask Me for forgiveness; I will forgive you. O My servants! You can neither harm Me nor benefit Me. O My servants! If the first and the last of you, and all your humans and jinn, were like the most pious heart of one man among you, that would not increase My kingdom in the slightest. O My servants! If the first and the last of you, and all your humans and jinn, were like the most wicked heart of one man among you, that would not diminish My kingdom in the slightest. O My servants! If the first and the last of you, and all your humans and jinn, were to stand together in one plain and ask Me, and I were to grant every person what he requested, that would diminish what I possess only as much as a needle diminishes the sea when it is dipped into it. O My servants! These are only your deeds; I record them for you, then I will repay you for them in full. Whoever finds good should praise Allah, and whoever finds something else should blame no one but himself.”

Sa‘id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When Abu Idris narrated this hadith, he would fall to his knees. Imam Muslim narrated this hadith, and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The people of Syria have no hadith more honorable than this hadith.

Section 12 – Encouragement to perform many good deeds in the latter part of life

Encouragement to perform many good deeds in the latter part of life [People come into this world for a limited time, then depart from it forever. But where do they go? Everyone must proceed to the life after death in order to receive the reward or punishment for the good and bad deeds performed in this world. There, no opportunity remains to perform any deeds; there is only reckoning and recompense. Many people have not used the early part of their lives in the service of Allah’s religion. Others, after performing many religious deeds and services in the first part of their lives, are unable to remain on the path of religion at the end. For both types of people, there is no path to salvation except remaining engaged in religious work at the end of life. Moreover, everyone’s time in life is passing, and the time of departure is drawing near. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to remain engaged in righteous deeds as much as possible at this time. The Prophet spent the latter part of his life performing abundant worship. When the end is good, everything is good. For this reason, Allah and His Messenger have especially encouraged people at this time to prepare for the Hereafter through abundant good deeds. (Translator)] .

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : أَوَلَمْ نُعَمِّرُكُمْ مَا يَتَذَكَّرُ فِيهِ مَنْ تَذَكَّرَ وَجَاءَكُمُ النَّذِيرُ.

The Almighty Allah says:

(1) “Did We not grant you an age in which anyone who wished to take heed could take heed? And the warner came to you as well.” (Surah Fatir: 37)

‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and the expert scholars say: The phrase “Did We not grant you such an age” alludes to the age of sixty. Support for this view is also found in the following hadith. Some have said that it refers to eighteen years. Imam Hasan, Imam al-Kalbi, and Masruq (may Allah have mercy on them) agreed that it refers to forty years. A second statement of Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) is also found in support of forty years. In this regard, a practice of the people of Madinah has been reported: when one of them reached forty, he would devote his time to worship. Others have interpreted it simply as reaching puberty. Regarding the second part, which says, “And the warner came to you,” Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and most expert scholars say that this refers to the Messenger of Allah. It has also been said that it means old age. Imams such as ‘Ikrimah and Ibn ‘Uyaynah have transmitted this interpretation.

وَأَمَّا الْأَحَادِيثُ : ۱۱۲ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَعْدَرَ اللهُ إِلَى امْرِئٍ أَخْرَ أَجَلَهُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ سِيِّينَ سَنَةً – رواه البخاري . قَالَ الْعُلَمَاءُ مَعْنَاهُ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ لَهُ عُدْرًا إِذْ أَمْهَلَهُ هَذِهِ الْمُدَّةَ

يُقَالُ أَعْذَرَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا بَلَغَ الْغَايَةَ فِي الْعُذرِ .

112. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: The Prophet said, “Allah leaves no excuse for a person whose death He postpones until he reaches the age of sixty.” (Bukhari)

۱۱۳ – عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كَانَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يُدْخِلْنِي مَعَ أَشْيَاحَ بَدْرٍ فَكَانُ بَعْضَهُمْ وَجَدَ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ لِمَ يَدْخُلُ هُذَا مَعَنَا وَلَنَا أَبْنَاءُ مِثْلُهُ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ عَلِمْتُمْ فَدَعَانِي ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ

فَأَدْخَلَنِي مَعَهُمْ فَمَا رَأَيْتُ أَنَّهُ دَعَانِي يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَّا لِيُرِيَهُمْ قَالَ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى (إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ) فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَمِرْنَا نَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ إِذَا نَصَرَنَا وَفَتَحَ عَلَيْنَا وَسَكَتَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ لِي

أَكَذَلِكَ تَقُولُ يَا ابْن عَبَّاسٍ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَمَا تَقُولُ ؟ قُلْتُ هُوَ أَجَلُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْلَمَهُ لَهُ قَالَ (إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ) وَذَلِكَ عَلامَةُ أَجَلِكَ ) علامَةُ أَجَلِكَ فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا )

فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَا ى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مَا مَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا مَا تَقُوْلُ رواه البخاري .

113. Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) would seat me in gatherings with the prominent men who had taken part in the Battle of Badr. Some of them felt displeased and said, “Why is this boy seated with us, when we have sons his age?” ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “You know where this boy comes from”—that is, from the Prophet’s family. One day he called me to join them. I thought he had called me that day only to make the matter clear to them. He said, “What do you say about ‘When the help of Allah and the victory come’?” Some replied, “We have been commanded to praise Allah and seek His forgiveness when He helps us and grants us victory.” Others remained silent and said nothing. Then he said to me, “Ibn ‘Abbas, do you also say this?” I replied, “No.” He asked, “Then what do you say?” I replied, “It means the death of the Messenger of Allah, which Allah had informed him of. In other words, Allah said: Since the help of Allah and the victory have come, and that is a sign of your death, glorify your Lord with praise and seek His forgiveness. Indeed, He is the One who accepts repentance.” Then ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “I know nothing about it except what you have said.” (Bukhari)

١١٤ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ مَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَاةٌ بَعْدَ أَنْ نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ) إِلَّا يَقُولُ فِيهَا سُبْحَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ . وفي رواية فِي

الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْهَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُكْثِرُ أَنْ يَقُولَ فِي رَكُوعِهِ وَسُجُودِهِ سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي يَتَاوَلُ الْقُرْآنَ. معنى يَتَأَوَّلُ الْقُرْآنَ أَي : يَعْمَلُ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى :

(فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرُهُ) . وفي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُكْثِرُ أَنْ يَقُولَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يمُوتَ سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ اسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتُ

الَّتِي أَرَاكَ أَحْدَثْتَهَا تَقُولُهَا ؟ قَالَ جُعِلَتْ لِي عَلَامَةٌ في أُمَّتِي إِذَا رَأَيْتُهَا قُلْتُهَا إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ) إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُكْثِرُ مِنْ قَوْلِ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَبِحَمْدِهِ اسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ

وَآتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ قَا وقالت قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَاكَ تُكْثِرُ مِنْ قَوْلِ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَبِحَمْدِهِ اسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَاتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ؟ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي رَبِّي أَنِّي سَارَى علَامَةً فِي أُمَّتِي فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُهَا اكْثَرْتُ مِنْ قَوْلِ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَبِحمدِهِ اسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَاتُوبُ

إِلَيْهِ فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهَا إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ (فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ) وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسِ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجًا فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا .) مَعَنَى يَتَاوَلُ الْقُرْآنَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُ مَا أَمِرَ بِهِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى : فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ

رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرُهُ.

114. ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) is reported to have said: After the revelation of the surah “When the help of Allah and the victory come,” the Messenger of Allah would say in every prayer, “Glory be to You, our Lord, and praise be to You; O Allah, forgive me.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

In another narration from ‘A’ishah in Bukhari and Muslim, it is reported that the Messenger of Allah would frequently say in his bowing and prostration: “Glory be to You, O Allah, our Lord, and praise be to You; O Allah, forgive me.” That is, he acted upon the command for glorification and seeking forgiveness that Allah gave in the Qur’an: “So glorify your Lord with praise and seek His forgiveness.”

In a narration by Muslim, it is reported that before his death the Messenger of Allah would frequently say: “Glory be to You and praise be to You; I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You.” ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I asked, “O Messenger of Allah! What are these new words I see you saying?” He said, “A sign has been appointed for me among my community. Whenever I see it, I say these words.” Then he recited the surah “When the help of Allah and the victory come” to its end.

In another narration by Muslim, it is reported that the Messenger of Allah would frequently recite this supplication: “Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him; I seek Allah’s forgiveness and repent to Him.” ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I asked, “O Messenger of Allah! I see you reciting these words very frequently: ‘Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him; I seek Allah’s forgiveness and repent to Him.’” He said, “My Lord has informed me that I would soon see a sign among my community. When I see it, I recite these words frequently: ‘Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him; I seek Allah’s forgiveness and repent to Him.’ I have indeed seen this sign. Allah has said: ‘When the help of Allah comes and the victory is complete’—that is, the conquest of Makkah—‘and you see people entering Islam in multitudes, then glorify and praise your Lord and seek His forgiveness. Indeed, He is ever accepting of repentance.’”

١١٥ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ تَابَعَ الْوَحْيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَبْلَ وَقَاتِه حَتَّى تُوفَّى أَكْثَرَ مَا كَانَ الْوَحْى. متفق عليه.

115. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: Before his death, Allah the Almighty sent revelation to the Messenger of Allah continuously, and revelation came to him in greater abundance than ever before until he passed away. (Bukhari, Muslim)

١١٦ – عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُبْعَثُ كُلُّ عَبْدِ عَلَى مَا مَاتَ عَلَيْهِ – رواه مسلم.

116. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said: The Messenger of Allah said, “Every servant will be resurrected in the condition in which he died.” (Muslim)

Section 13 – Various forms of good deeds

Various forms of good deeds [Good deeds are numerous and very broad in scope. Only certain specific religious acts are not the sole acts regarded as good and righteous. In the Qur’an and Hadith, righteous deeds and good works are given importance comparable to that of faith. Any act that accords with the fundamental faith and fulfills its requirements is called a righteous deed or a good deed. Every beneficial act, large or small, at all levels of life—from individual life to collective life—is considered a religious act. Social welfare, political, economic, social, family, and all other kinds of activities, when carried out in accordance with Islamic teachings, are regarded as righteous, good, and religious deeds. It is through these deeds that genuine faith is identified and demonstrated. (Translator)] .

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ .

The Almighty Allah says:

(1) “Whatever good you do, Allah is fully aware of it.” (Surah Al-Baqarah: 215)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ يُعْلَمُهُ اللهُ .

(2) “Whatever good you do, Allah knows it.” (Surah Al-Baqarah: 197)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ .

(3) “Whoever does a good deed equivalent to the weight of a particle will see it.” (Surah Az-Zalzalah: 7)

وقَالَ تَعَالَى : مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلِنَفْسِهِ .

(4) “Whoever does a good deed, it is for his own benefit.” (Surah Al-Jathiyah: 15)

وَالْآيَاتُ فِي الْبَابِ كَثِيرَةً وَأَمَّا الْأَحَادِيثُ فَكَثِيرَةٌ جِداً وَهِيَ غَيْرُ مُنْحَصِرَةٍ فَتَذْكُرُ طَرَفًا مِنْهَا : ۱۱۷ – عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍ جُنْدُبِ بْنِ جُنَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الْأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ الْإِيْمَانُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْجِهَادُ فِي

سَبِيلِهِ قُلْتُ أَيُّ الرِّقَابِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ أَنْفَسُهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا وَأَكْثَرُهَا ثَمَنًا قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلُ قَالَ تُعِينُ صَانِعًا أَوْ تَصْنَعُ لِأَخْرَقَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِن ضَعُفَتُ عَنْ بَعْضِ الْعَمَلِ قَالَ تَكْفُ شركَ عَنِ النَّاسِ فَإِنَّهَا صَدَقَةٌ مِنْكَ

عَلَى نَفْسِكَ – متفق عليه . الصَّانِعُ بِالصَّادِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ هذا هُوَ الْمَشْهُورُ وَرُوِيَ ضَائِعًا بِالْمُعْجَمَةِ أَيْ ذَا ضَبَاعِ مِنْ فَقْرِ أَوْ عِبَالٍ وَنَحْو ذَلِكَ وَالْأَخْرَقُ الَّذِي لَا يُتْقِنُ مَا يُحَاوِلُ فَعْلَهُ .

117. Abu Dharr Jundub ibn Junadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: I asked, “O Messenger of Allah! Which deed is the best?” He said: “Faith in Allah and striving in His path.” I asked, “Which slave is best to free?” He said: “The one who is most beloved to his master and is the most valuable.” I asked, “What if I am unable to do this (because of poverty)?” He said: “Help a craftsman or teach someone who does not know how to work.” I said, “O Messenger of Allah, what do you think if I am unable to do even this?” He said: “Refrain from harming people. That is charity from you for your own benefit.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

۱۱۸ – عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍ أَيْضًا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يُصْبِحُ عَلَى كُلِّ سُلامَى مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ صَدَقَةٌ فَكُلُّ تَسْبِيحَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَكُلُّ تَحْمِيدَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَكُلُّ تَهْلِيلَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَكُلُّ تَكبِيرَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَامْرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ

صَدَقَةٌ وَنَهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ صَدَقَةً وَيُجْزِئُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ رَكْعَتَانِ يَرْكَعُهُمَا مِنَ الضُّحى – رواه مسلم. السلامى بِضَمِّ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَتَخْفِيفِ اللَّامِ وَفَتْحِ الْمِيمِ الْمَفْصِلُ.

118. Abu Dharr Jundub ibn Junadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “A charity is due from every joint of each one of you. Saying ‘Subhan Allah,’ ‘Alhamdu lillah,’ ‘La ilaha illallah,’ and ‘Allahu Akbar’—each of these is a charity. Enjoining good and forbidding evil are also charity. This is fulfilled by performing two rak‘ahs of the Duha prayer (before noon).” (Muslim)

۱۱۹ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عُرِضَتْ عَلَى أَعْمَالُ أُمَّتِي حَسَنُهَا وَسَيِّنُهَا فَوَجَدْتُ فِي مَحَاسِنِ أَعْمَالِهَا الْأَذِى يُمَاطُ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ وَوَجَدْتُ فِي مَسَاوِي أَعْمَالِهَا النُّخَاعَةَ تَكُونُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ لَا

تُدْفَنُ – رواه مسلم .

119. Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The good and bad deeds of my Ummah were presented to me. Among their good deeds, I found removing harmful objects from the road; and among their bad deeds, I found leaving spittle that had fallen in the mosque without burying it in the ground.” (Muslim)

۱۲۰ – وَعَنْهُ أَنْ نَاسًا قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ذَهَبَ أَهْلُ الدُّثُورِ بِالْأَجُورِ يُصَلُّونَ كَمَا تُصَلَّى وَيَصُومُونَ كَمَا نَصُومُ وَيَتَصَدِّقُونَ بِفُضُولِ أَمْوَالِهِمْ قَالَ أَوَلَيْسَ قَدْ جَعَلَ اللهُ لَكُمْ مَا تَصَدِّقُونَ بِهِ إِنَّ بِكُلِّ تَسْبِيحَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَكُلِّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ صَدَقَةً

وَكُلِّ تَحْمِيدَةٍ صَدَقَةً وَكُلِّ تَهْلِيلَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَأَمْرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ صَدَقَةٌ وَنَهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ صَدَقَةٌ وَفِي بُضْعِ أَحَدِكُمْ صَدَقَةً قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ آيَاتِي أَحَدُنَا شَهْوَتَهُ وَيَكُونُ لَهُ فِيهَا أَجْرُ ؟ قَالَ أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ وَضَعَهَا فِي حَرَامِ أَكَانَ عَلَيْهِ وَزْرُ؟

فَكَذَلِكَ إِذَا وَضَعَهَا فِي الْحَلالِ كَانَ لَهُ أَجْرٌ – رواه مسلم. الدُّثُورُ بِالنَّاءِ الْمُثَلَثَةِ الْأَمْوَالُ واحدها دثر.

120. Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. Some people said, “O Messenger of Allah, the wealthy have taken all the rewards. They pray as we pray and fast as we fast, but they give charity from their surplus wealth, which we cannot do.” He said: “Has Allah not provided you with means by which you can give charity? Every utterance of ‘Subhan Allah’ is charity, ‘Allahu Akbar’ is charity, ‘Alhamdu lillah’ is charity, and ‘La ilaha illallah’ is charity. Enjoining good is charity, forbidding evil is charity, and intimacy with your wives is charity.” They said, “O Messenger of Allah, does one of us receive a reward for fulfilling his sexual desire?” He said: “Tell me, if he fulfilled it in a forbidden manner, would he incur a sin? Likewise, if he fulfills it in a lawful manner, he receives a reward.” (Muslim)

۱۲۱ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تَحْقِرَنَّ مِنَ الْمَعْرُوفِ شَيْئًا وَلَوْ أَنْ تَلْقَى أَخَاكَ بِوَجْهِ طليق رواه مسلم .

121. Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to me: “Do not consider any good deed insignificant, even if it is meeting your brother with a cheerful face.” (Muslim)

۱۲۲ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلُّ سُلامَى مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ صَدَقَةٌ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ تَطْلُعُ فِيْهِ الشَّمْسُ تَعْدِلُ بَيْنَ الْأَثْنَيْنِ صَدَقَةٌ وَتُعِينُ الرَّجُلَ فِي دَابَّتِهِ فَيَحْمِلُهُ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ تَرْفَعُ لَهُ

عَلَيْهَا مَتَاعَهُ صَدَقَةً والكَلِمَةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ صَدَقَةٌ وَبِكُلِّ خُطْوَةٍ تَمْشِيهَا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ صَدَقَةٌ وَيُمِيطُ الْآذِى عن الطريق صَدَقَةٌ – متفق عليه. وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ أَيْضًا مِنْ رِوَايَةِ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ

وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّهُ خُلِقَ كُلُّ إِنْسَانِ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ عَلَى سِيِّينَ وَثَلَاثَ مِائَةٍ مَفْصَلٍ فَمَنْ كَبُرَ اللهَ وَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَهَلَلَ اللهَ وَسَبِّحَ اللَّهَ وَاسْتَغْفَرَ اللَّهَ وَعَزَلَ حَجَرًا عَنْ طريق النَّاسِ أَوْ شَوْكَةً أَوْ عَظْمًا عَنْ طَرِيقِ النَّاسِ أَوْ أَمَرَ بِمَعْرُوفِ أَوْ

نَهَى عَنْ مُنْكَر عَدَدَ السَّيِّينَ وَالثَّلاثَ مَائَةٍ فَإِنَّهُ يُمْشِي يَوْمَئِذٍ وَقَدْ زَحْزَحَ نَفْسَهُ عَنِ النَّارِ.

122. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “A charity is due from every joint of a person on each day upon which the sun rises. To act justly between two people is charity. To help a person onto his mount, or to lift his belongings onto it, is charity. A good word is charity. Every step you take toward prayer is charity. Removing a harmful object from the road is charity.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Imam Muslim narrated this same hadith through Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Every human being from the children of Adam was created with three hundred and sixty joints. Thus, whoever glorifies Allah, praises Allah, says ‘La ilaha illallah,’ says ‘Subhan Allah,’ seeks Allah’s forgiveness, removes a stone, thorn, or bone from the people’s path, enjoins good, or forbids evil—equaling three hundred and sixty acts—will spend that day having distanced himself from the Fire.”

۱۲۳ – وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ غَدًا إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ أَوْ راح أَعَدَّ اللهُ لَهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ نُزُلاً كُلَّمَا غَدًا أَوْ راح – متفق عليه. النُّزلُ الْقُوتُ وَالرِّزْقُ وَمَا يُهَيَّا لِلضَّيْفِ .

123. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever comes to the mosque in the morning or evening, Allah prepares for him a reception in Paradise every morning and evening.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٢٤ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا نِسَاءَ الْمُسْلِمَاتِ لَا تَحْقِرَنَّ جَارَةً لِجَارَتِهَا وَلَوْ فِرْسِنَ شَاءَ – متفق عليه قَالَ الْجَوْهَرِي الْفِرْسِنُ مِنَ الْبَعِيرِ كَالْحَافِرِ مِنَ الدَّابَّةِ قَالَ وَرَبِّمَا اسْتَعِيْرَ فِي الشَّاةِ .

124. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “O Muslim women! Let no woman disdain giving her neighbor even a goat’s hoof, however insignificant it may be (that is, one should neither hesitate to give nor to accept a gift because of its small amount).” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٢٥ – وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْإِيْمَانُ بِضْعُ وَسَبْعُونَ أَوْ بضْعُ وَستُونَ شُعْبَةً فَأَفْضَلُهَا قَوْلُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَدْنَاهَا إِمَاطَةُ الْأَذِى عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ وَالْحَيَاءُ شُعْبَةً مِنَ الْإِيْمَانِ متفق عليه الْبَضْعُ مِنْ ثَلاثَةِ إِلى

تِسْعَة بِكَسْرِ الْبَاءِ وَقَدْ تُفْتَحُ وَالشُّعْبَةُ القِطْعَةُ .

125. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Faith has more than seventy branches, or more than sixty branches. The best of them is saying ‘La ilaha illallah,’ and the least of them is removing something harmful from the road. Modesty is also a branch of faith.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٢٦ – وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي بِطَرِيق اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ الْعَطَسُ فَوَجَدَ بِتْرًا فَنَزَلَ فِيهَا فَشَرِبَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَإِذَا كَلْبٌ يُلْهَثْ يَأْكُلُ الشرى مِنَ الْعَطَشِ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ لَقَدْ بَلَغَ هَذَا الْكَلْبَ مِنَ

الْعَطَشِ مِثْلُ الَّذِي كَانَ قَدْ بَلَغَ مِنِّي فَنَزَلَ الْبِئْرَ فَمَلَا خُفْهُ مَاءٌ ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَهُ بِفِيْهِ حَتَّى رَقِيَ فَسَقَى الْكَلْبَ فَشَكَرَ اللهُ لَهُ فَغَفَرَ لَهُ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لَنَا فِي الْبَهَائِمِ أَجْرًا ؟ فَقَالَ فِي كُلِّ كَبِدِ رَطْبَةٍ أَجْرُ – متفق عليه.

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلْبُخَارِيِّ فَشَكَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فَغَفَرَ لَهُ فَأَدْخَلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُمَا بَيْنَمَا كَلْبٌ يُطِيفُ بِرَكِيَّةٍ قَدْ كَادَ يَقْتُلُهُ الْعَطَسُ إِذْ رَاتُهُ بَغِي مِنْ بَغَايَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَنَزَعَتْ مُوْقَهَا فَاسْتَقَتْ لَهُ بِهِ فَسَقَتْهُ فَغُفِرَ لَهَا بِهِ الْمُوْقُ الْخُفُ

وَيُطِيفُ يَدُورُ حَوْلَ رَكِيَّةٍ وَهِيَ الْبثْرُ .

126. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “A man was walking along a road and became extremely thirsty. He found a well, descended into it, drank, and came out. Then he saw a dog panting from thirst and licking the mud. The man thought, ‘This dog is as thirsty as I was.’ So he descended into the well again, filled his sock with water, held it in his mouth, climbed out, and gave the dog water to drink. Allah showed him mercy and forgave his sins.” The Companions said, “O Messenger of Allah, will we receive a reward for being kind to animals?”

He said: “There is a reward for kindness to every living creature.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Another narration by Al-Bukhari states: “Allah showed him mercy, forgave him, and admitted him to Paradise.” Another narration by Al-Bukhari and Muslim states: “Once, a dog was circling around a well, nearly dying of thirst. A prostitute from the Children of Israel saw it, removed her sock, drew water from the well, and gave it to the dog to drink. She was forgiven for this.”

۱۲۷ – وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا يَتَقَلُّبُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فِي شَجَرَةٍ قَطَعَهَا مِنْ ظَهْرِ الطَّرِيقِ كَانَتْ تُؤْذِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ مَنْ رَجُلٌ بِغُصْنِ شَجَرَةٍ عَلَى ظَهْرِ طَرِيق فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ لِأُنَحِيَنَّ هَذَا عَنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لَا يُؤْذِيهِمْ فَأُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُمَا بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي بِطَرِيق وَجَدَ غُصْنَ شَوْكَ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَأَخْرَهُ فَشَكَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فَغَفَرَ لَهُ .

127. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “I saw a man moving about in Paradise because he had cut down a tree from the middle of the road that used to cause harm to Muslims.” Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Another narration by Muslim states: “A man came upon a tree branch lying in the middle of the road. He said, ‘By Allah, I will remove this from the Muslims’ path so that it does not harm them.’ Because of this, he was admitted to Paradise.”

Another narration by Al-Bukhari and Muslim states: “While a man was walking along the road, he removed a thorny branch from it. Consequently, Allah showed him mercy and forgave him.”

۱۲۸ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ فَأَحْسَنَ الْوَضُوءَ ثُمَّ أَتَى الْجُمُعَةَ فَاسْتَمَعَ وَانْصَتَ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَزِيَادَةٌ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ وَمَنْ مَسَ الْحَصَا فَقَدْ لغا – رواه مسلم .

128. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever performs ablution well, then comes to the mosque, listens to the sermon silently, will be forgiven for the sins committed between that Friday and the next Friday, plus three additional days. Whoever touches the pebbles has engaged in idle behavior.” (Muslim)

۱۲۹ – وَعَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا تَوَضًا الْعَبْدُ الْمُسْلِمُ أَوِ الْمُؤْمِنُ فَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ خَرَجَ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ كُلُّ خَطِيئَةٍ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا بِعَيْنَيْهِ مَعَ الْمَاءِ أَوْ مَعَ أُخرِ قَطْرِ الْمَاءِ فَإِذَا غَسَلَ يَدَيْهِ خَرَجَ مِنْ يَدَيْهِ كُلُّ خَطِيئَةٍ

كَانَ بَطْشَتُهَا يَدَاهُ مَعَ الْمَاءِ أَوْ مَعَ أَخِرِ قَطْرِ الْمَاءِ فَإِذَا غَسَلَ رِجْلَيْهِ خَرَجَتْ كُلُّ خَطِيئَةٍ مَشَتْهَا رِجَلاهُ مَعَ الْمَاءِ أَوْ مَعَ أَخِرِ قَطْرَ الْمَاءِ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ نَقِيَّا مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ رواه مسلم.

129. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “When a Muslim or believing servant performs ablution and washes his face, every sin committed by his eyes falls away from his face with the water or with the last drop of water. When he washes his hands, every sin committed by his hands falls away with the water or with the last drop of water. When he washes his feet, every sin committed by his feet falls away with the water or with the last drop of water, until he emerges purified from all sins.” (Muslim)

۱۳۰ – وَعَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ والْجُمُعَة إلى الجُمُعَةِ وَرَمَضَانُ إِلى رَمَضَانَ مُكَفِّرَاتُ لِمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ إِذَا اجْتَنِبَتِ الكَبَائِرُ – رواه مسلم .

130. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The five daily prayers, one Friday prayer to the next, and one Ramadan to the next are expiations for the minor sins committed between them, provided the major sins are avoided.” (Muslim)

۱۳۱ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَلَا أَدْلُكُمْ عَلَى مَا يَمْحُو اللَّهُ بِهِ الْخَطَايَا وَيَرْفَعُ بِهِ الدَّرْجَاتِ ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِسْبَاغُ الْوُضُوءِ عَلَى الْمَكَارِهِ وَكَثَرَةُ الخُطا إِلَى الْمَسَاجِدِ وَانْتِظَارُ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ فَذلِكُمُ الرباط – رواه مسلم .

131. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Shall I not tell you of an act by which Allah erases sins and raises ranks?” The Companions said, “Yes, O Messenger of Allah.” He said: “Performing ablution thoroughly despite difficulty, frequently walking to the mosques, and waiting for the next prayer after one prayer. That is ribat, or striving in Allah’s cause.” (Muslim) [Maintaining purification, regularly persevering in prayer and the worship of Allah, and attaining steadfastness in them resemble striving. The original meaning of ribat is to remain constantly prepared with weapons to guard the frontier. In this hadith, waiting for one prayer after another is compared to it; that is, through it they will receive the reward of guarding the frontier. (Translator)]

۱۳۲ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ صَلَّى الْبَرْدَيْنِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ الْبَرْدَانِ الصُّبْحُ وَالْعَصْرُ .

132. Abu Musa Al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever performs the two cool-time prayers will enter Paradise,” meaning the Fajr and ‘Asr prayers. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

۱۳۳ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا مَرِضَ الْعَبْدُ أَوْ سافَرَ كُتِبَ لَهُ مِثْلُ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ مُقِيمًا صَحِيحا – رواه البخاري .

133. Abu Musa Al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “When Allah’s servant becomes ill or travels, the reward for the good deeds he used to perform while healthy and resident is recorded for him.” (Al-Bukhari)

١٣٤ – عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلُّ مَعْرُوفِ صَدَقَةٌ . رواه البخاري وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ رِوَايَةٍ حُذَيْفَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .

134. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Every good deed is charity.” (Al-Bukhari)

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith through Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him).

١٣٥ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَغْرِسُ غَرْسًا إِلَّا كَانَ مَا أَكِلَ مِنْهُ لَهُ صَدَقَةً وَمَا سُرِقَ مِنْهُ لَهُ صَدَقَةً وَلَا يَرْزَؤُهُ أَحَدٌ إِلا كَانَ لَهُ صَدَقَةً رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ فَلا يَعْرِسُ الْمُسْلِمُ

غَرْسًا فَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ إِنْسَانٌ وَلَا دَابَّةً وَلَا طَيْر إِلا كَانَ لَهُ صَدَقَةً إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ لَا يَغْرِسُ مُسْلِمٌ غَرْسًا وَلَا يَزْرَعُ زَرْعًا فَيَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ إِنْسَانٌ وَلَا دَابَّةٌ ولا شَيْ إِلَّا كَانَتْ لَهُ صَدَقَةً وَرَوَيَاهُ جَمِيعًا مِنْ رِوَايَةِ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ

اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَوْلُهُ يَرْزَؤُهُ أَي يَنْقُصُهُ .

135. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whenever a Muslim plants a tree, whatever is eaten from it is charity for him; whatever is stolen from it is charity for him; and whatever anyone takes from it is charity for him.” Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Another narration by Muslim states: “When a Muslim plants a tree, whatever people, animals, and birds eat from it continues as charity for him until the Day of Resurrection.” Another narration by Muslim states: “When a Muslim plants a tree or cultivates a crop, whatever a person, animal, or anything else eats from it is regarded as charity for him.” These last two narrations were transmitted from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him).

١٣٦ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ أَرَادَ بَنُو سَلِمَةَ أَن يُنْتَقِلُوا قُرْبَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَن تَنْتَقِلُوْا قُرْبَ الْمَسْجِدِ ؟ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ أَرَدْنَا ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ بَنِي

سَلِمَةً دِيَارِكُمْ تُكتَبْ أَثَارَكُمْ دِيَارَكُمْ تُكْتَبُ أَثَارُكُمْ . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ إِنَّ بِكُلِّ خَطْوَةٍ

درجة. رواه مسلم ورواه البخاري أيضًا بِمَعْنَاهُ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ. وَبَنُو سَلِمَةٌ بِكَسْرِ اللام قَبِيلَةٌ مَعْرُوفَةٌ مِّنَ الْأَنْصَارِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ وَأَثَارُهُمْ خُطَاهُمْ .

136. Narrated by Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Banu Salimah intended to move closer to the mosque. When this news reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), he said to them: “I have heard that you intend to move closer to the mosque, is that so?” They said: “Yes, O Messenger of Allah! We intended to do so.” He said: “O Banu Salimah, stay in your homes (that is, in your present residences); your footsteps are recorded. Stay in your homes; your footsteps are recorded.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. According to another narration: With every step, one degree in rank is raised.

۱۳۷ – عَنْ أَبِي الْمُنْذِرِ أَبي بْنِ كَعْبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَجُلٌ لَا أَعْلَمُ رَجُلاً أَبْعَدَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ مِنْهُ وَكَانَ لا تُخْطِئُهُ صَلَاةٌ فَقِيلَ لَهُ أَوْ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَوِ اشْتَرَيْتَ حِماراً تَرْكَبُهُ فِي الظُّلْمَاءِ وَفِي الرَّمْضَاءِ فَقَالَ مَا يَسُرُّنِي أَنَّ

مَنْزِلِي إِلَى جَنْبِ الْمَسْجِدِ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ يُكْتَبَ لِي مَمْشَاء إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَرُجُوعِي إِذَا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى أَهْلِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ جَمَعَ اللَّهَ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ إِنَّ لَكَ مَا احْتَسَبْتَ الرَّمْضَاءُ

الْأَرْضُ الَّتِي أَصَابَهَا الْحَرُّ الشَّدِيدُ .

137. Narrated by Ubayy ibn Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I knew of a man who lived farther from the mosque than anyone else. Yet he never missed the congregational prayer (that is, prayer in congregation). He was told—or I told him—“You could buy a donkey and ride it to the mosque in the darkness and in the heat.” He said: “I would not like my house to be next to the mosque. I wish that my going to the mosque and returning to my family should both be recorded in my record of deeds.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Allah has gathered all of that for you.” Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

According to another narration: You will have the reward that you hoped for.

۱۳۸ – عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْبَعُونَ خَصْلَةً أَعْلَاهَا مَنِيْحَةُ الْعَنْزِ مَا مِنْ عَامِل يَعْمَلُ بِخَصْلَةٍ مِنْهَا رَجَاءَ ثَوَابِهَا وَتَصْدِيقَ مَوْعُودِهَا إِلَّا أَدْخَلَهُ

اللَّهُ بِهَا الجنَّةَ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِي المَنِيحَةُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ إِيَّاهَا لِيَأْكُلَ لَبَنَهَا ثُمَّ يَرُدَّهَا إِلَيْهِ .

138. Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Among forty good deeds, the greatest is lending someone a milch goat so that he may drink its milk. Whoever performs any one of these forty deeds, hoping for its reward and believing in the promise associated with it, Allah will admit him to Paradise.” Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

۱۳۹ – عَنْ عَدِي بْنِ حَاتِمٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ – متفق عليه وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُمَا عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلا

سَيُكَلِّمُهُ رَبُّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ تَرْجُمَانٌ فَيَنْظُرُ أَيْمَنَ مِنْهُ فَلَا يَرَى إِلَّا مَا قَدَّمَ وَيَنظُرُ أَشْأَمَ مِنْهُ فَلا يَرَى إِلا مَا قَدَّمَ وَيَنْظُرُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَلَا يَرَى إِلَّا النَّارَ تِلْقَاءَ وَجْهِهِ فَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمَرَةٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدُ فَبِكَلِمَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ .

139. Narrated by Adi ibn Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: “Save yourselves from the Fire, even by giving half a date in charity.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

In another narration by al-Bukhari and Muslim, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Soon your Lord will speak to each one of you, with no interpreter between Him and that person. He will look to his right and see nothing but what he has sent ahead; he will look to his left and see nothing but what he has sent ahead; and he will look before him and see nothing but the Fire facing him. So save yourselves from the Fire, even by giving half a date in charity. Whoever cannot find even that should do so with a good word.”

١٤٠ – عَن أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ اللهَ لَيَرْضَى عَنِ الْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الْأكْلَةَ فَيَحْمَدُهُ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ يَشْرَبَ الشَّرْبَةَ فَيَحْمَدُهُ عَلَيْهَا – رواه مسلم والأكلةُ بِفَتْحِ الْهَمْزَةِ وَهِيَ الْغَدْوَةُ أَوِ

الْعَشْوَةُ .

140. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Allah is certainly pleased with His servant when he eats something and praises Him for it, or drinks something and praises Him for it.” (Muslim)

١٤١ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ صَدَقَةً قَالَ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ ؟ قَالَ يَعْمَلُ بِيَدَيْهِ فَيَنْفَعُ نَفْسَهُ وَيَتَصَدِّقُ قَالَ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ ؟ قَالَ يُعِينُ ذَا الْحَاجَةِ

الْمَلْهُوفَ قَالَ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ قَالَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ أَوِ الْخَيْرِ قَالَ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلُ قَالَ يُمْسِكُ عَنِ الشَّرِّ فَانَّهَا صَدَقَةٌ متفق عليه ..

141. Narrated by Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Every Muslim must give charity.” A Companion asked: “What if he does not find anything with which to give charity?” He said: “Then he should work with his own hands, benefit himself, and give charity.” The Companion asked: “What if he cannot do that?” He said: “Then he should help the needy and distressed.” The Companion asked: “What if he cannot do that either?” He said: “Then he should enjoin what is right or good.” The Companion asked: “What if he cannot do even that?” He said: “Then he should refrain from evil; that is charity for him.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Section 14: Maintaining balance in worship and religious devotion

Maintaining balance in worship and religious devotion [The original Arabic word “iqtisad” means adopting a balanced and moderate approach: not transgressing limits in any matter, not being excessive, and not going beyond what is appropriate].

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : طَهُ مَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَى .

The Exalted Allah says:

(1) “Ta-Ha. We have not sent down the Qur’an to you so that you may suffer.” (Surah Ta-Ha: 1)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يُرِيدُ اللهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ .

(2) “Allah intends ease for you and does not intend hardship for you.” (Surah al-Baqarah: 185)

١٤٣ – وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَعِنْدَهَا إِمْرَأَةً قَالَ مَنْ هَذِهِ ؟ قَالَتْ هَذِهِ فَلَانَةٌ تَذْكُرُ مِنْ صَلَاتِهَا قَالَ مَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمَا تُطِيقُونَ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا يَمَلُّ اللَّهُ حَتَّى تَمَلُّوْا وَكَانَ أَحَبُّ الدِّينِ

إِلَيْهِ مَا دَاوَمَ صَاحِبُهُ عَلَيْهِ – متفق عليه وَمَهُ كَلِمَةٌ نَهْي وَزَجْرٍ وَمَعْنَى لَا يَمَلُّ اللَّهُ أَنْ لَا يَقْطَعُ ثَوَابَهُ عَنْكُمْ وَجَزَاءَ أَعْمَالِكُمْ وَيُعَامِلُكُمْ مُعَامَلَةَ الْمَالِ حَتَّى تَمَلُّوا فَتَتْرَكُوا فَيَنْبَغِي لَكُمْ أَنْ تَاخُذُوا مَا تُطِيقُونَ الدَّوامَ عَلَيْهِ لِيَدُومَ

ثَوَابُهُ لَكُمْ وَفَضْلُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ.

142. Narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) went to her while a woman was sitting with her. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked: “Who is this woman?” Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “She is so-and-so; she is talking about her prayers.” He said: “Stop. Do whatever you are capable of. By Allah, Allah does not tire of rewarding you until you tire. The religious deed most beloved to Allah is that which its doer performs regularly.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٤٣ – وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ جَاءَ ثَلَاثَةُ رَهْطٍ إِلَى بُيُوتِ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَسْأَلُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا

أخْبِرُوا كَأَنَّهُمْ تَقَالُوْهَا وَقَالُوا أَيْنَ نَحْنُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمْ أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَصَلَّى اللَّيْلَ أَبَدًا وَقَالَ أَخَرُ وَأَنَا أَصُومُ الدَّهْرَ وَلَا أَفْطِرُ وَقَالَ أَخَرُ وَأَنَا أَعْتَزِلُ النِّسَاءَ فَلَا أَتَزَوْجُ

أَبَدًا فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ أَنْتُمُ الَّذِينَ قُلْتُمْ كَذَا وَكَذَا ؟ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَخْشَاكُمُ لِلَّهِ وَاتْقَاكُمْ لَهُ لَكِنِّي أَصُومُ وَأَفْطِرُ وَأَصَلَّى وَأَرْقُدُ وَاتَزَوْجُ النِّسَاءَ فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي – متفق عليه .

****[ There should be balance in all the activities of a believer’s life. If one leans too heavily toward one side, the other side will necessarily suffer. Therefore, it is essential to devote time, money, and effort to each task according to its importance. Regularity in any task brings blessing and increases one’s ability in it. Even if a regular deed is small, it becomes lasting and produces good results.

If one transgresses the limits in any matter, becomes excessive, or goes beyond what is appropriate, it creates disorder, causes exhaustion, and prevents the development of ability. There are many responsibilities in life. Along with fulfilling Allah’s rights, one must also fulfill the rights of various servants of Allah. One must also fulfill one’s own essential and necessary rights. Without balance, no right can be fulfilled properly. To suddenly become enthusiastic, perform many deeds, and then show no further activity is not the way of Islam. Therefore, the Qur’an and Hadith require everyone to use all their strength properly and continue performing all duties regularly in a balanced manner. (Translator)]

143. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Three men came to the houses of the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to ask about the worship of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). When they were informed about it, they seemed to regard it as little for themselves and said: “Where do we stand in comparison with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), whose past and future sins have been forgiven?” One of them said: “I will pray throughout the night forever.” Another said: “I will fast continually and never break my fast.” Another said: “I will keep away from women and never marry.” Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to them and said: “Are you the ones who said such-and-such? By Allah, I fear Allah more than you do and am more conscious of Him than you are. But I fast and also eat, I pray and also sleep, and I marry women. Whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not one of us.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٤٤ – وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ هَلَكَ الْمُتَنَطِعُونَ قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا – رواه مسلم الْمُتَنَطِعُونَ الْمُتَعَمِّقُونَ الْمُشَدِّدُونَ فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِ التَّشْدِيدِ.

144. Narrated by Ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Those who go to extremes without cause are ruined.” He said this three times. (Muslim)

١٤٥ – وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنْ الدِّينَ يُسرِّ وَلَنْ يُشَادُ الدِّينُ إِلَّا غَلَبَهُ فَسَدِدُوا وَقَارِبُوا وَأَبْشِرُوا وَاسْتَعِينُوا بِالْغَدْوَةِ وَالرُّوْحَةِ وَشَيْ مِنَ الدُّلجة – رواه البخاري وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ

سَدِدُوا وَقَارِبُوا وَاغْدُوا وَرُوحُوا وَشَيْ مِنَ الدُّلْجَةِ الْقَصْدَ الْقَصْدَ تَبْلُغُوا – قَوْلُهُ الدِّينُ هُوَ مَرْفُوعَ عَلَى مَا لَمْ يُسَمٌ فَاعِلُهُ وَرُوِيَ مَنْصُوبًا وَرُوِيَ لَنْ يُشَادُ الدِّينَ أَحَدٌ وَقَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلا غَلَبَهُ أَي غَلَبَهُ الدِّينُ وَعَجَزَ

ذَلِكَ الْمُشَادُ عَنْ مُقَاوَمَةِ الدِّينِ لِكَثْرَةِ طَرُقِهِ وَالْغَدْوَةُ سَيْرُ أُولِ النَّهَارِ وَالرُّوْحَةُ أَخِرِ النهار والدلجة آخر اللَّيْلِ وَهذَا اسْتِعَارَةً وَتَمْثِيلٌ وَمَعْنَاهُ اسْتَعِينُوا عَلَى طَاعَة اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِالْأَعْمَالِ فِي وَقْتِ نَشَاطِكُمْ وَفَرَاغِ قُلُوْبِكُمْ بِحَيْثُ

تَسْتَلِدُونَ العِبَادَةَ وَلَا تَشَامُونَ وَتَبْلُغُونَ مَقْصُودَكُمْ كَمَا أَنَّ الْمُسَافِرَ الْحَاذِقَ يَسِيرُ فِي هَذِهِ الأوقاتِ وَيَسْتَرِيحُ هُوَ وَدَابَّتُهُ فِي غَيْرِهَا فَيَصِلُ الْمَقْصُودَ بِغَيْرِ تَعَب وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

145. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The religion is easy. No one makes the religion difficult except that it overcomes him. So follow a balanced course, act according to your ability, and accept the glad tidings. Seek Allah’s help by worshipping in the morning, the evening, and during part of the night.”

Imam al-Bukhari cited this hadith. In another narration by al-Bukhari it says: “Follow a moderate course and act according to your ability; travel in the morning, in the evening, and during part of the night. Follow a balanced course, follow a moderate course, and you will reach your goal.” [The meaning of this hadith is not that one should perform only those easy deeds of the religion that involve no risk, sacrifice, or danger and cause no disruption to worldly happiness, peace, or financial comfort. Rather, its significance is that the religion contains many duties, and the rights of Allah and His servants are also many. Performing these duties and fulfilling these rights is obligatory. Therefore, all of them must be performed regularly, with due importance, in the simplest and easiest manner possible. One must advance gradually while maintaining balance among all the deeds. In this way, sacrificing life and wealth for the religion also becomes easy. Otherwise, if one adopts unnecessary strictness, the burden of the responsibility of establishing the religion makes it extremely difficult to remain steadfast in the way of Allah. (Translator)]

١٤٦ – وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ دَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا حَبْلٌ مَمْدُودٌ بَيْنَ السَّارِيَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ مَا هُذَا الْحَبْلُ؟ قَالُوا هَذَا حَبْلٌ لزَيْنَبَ فَإِذَا فَتَرَتْ تَعَلَّقَتْ بِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حُلُوهُ

لِيُصَلِّ أَحَدُكُمْ نَشَاطَهُ فَإِذَا فَتَرَ فَلْيَرْقُدْ – متفق عليه .

146. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entered the mosque and found a rope stretched between two pillars. He said: “What is this rope?” The Companions said: “This is Zaynab’s rope. When she becomes tired while praying, she hangs onto it.” The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Untie it. Each of you should pray while energetic and fresh, and when he becomes tired, he should sleep.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٤٧ – وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا نَعَسَ أَحَدُكُمْ وَهُوَ يُصَلَّى فَلْيَرْقُدْ حَتَّى يَذْهَبَ عَنْهُ النَّوْمُ فَإِنْ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذَا صَلَّى وَهُوَ نَاعِسٌ لَا يَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ يَذْهَبُ يَسْتَغْفِرُ فَيَسُبُّ نَفْسَهُ –

متفق عليه .

147. Narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “When one of you becomes sleepy while praying, he should lie down until his sleepiness leaves him. For when one of you prays while drowsy, he may not know whether, while seeking forgiveness, he is actually insulting himself.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٤٨ – وَعَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كُنْتُ أَصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّلَوَاتِ فَكَانَتْ صَلَاتُهُ قَصُدًا وَخُطْبَتُهُ قَصْدا -رواه مسلم قولُهُ قَصْداً أَي بَيْنَ الطُّولِ وَالْقِصَرِ .

148. Narrated by Jabir ibn Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I used to pray with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). His prayer and sermon were of moderate length. (Muslim)

١٤٩ – وَعَنْ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةً وَهْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَخَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ سَلْمَانَ وَآبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ فَزَارَ سَلْمَانُ أَبَا الدَّرْدَاءِ فَرَأَى أَمْ الدرداء مُتَبَدِّلَةً فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ ؟ قَالَتْ أَخُوكَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ لَيْسَ لَهُ

حَاجَةٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَجَاءَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ فَصَنَعَ لَهُ طَعَامًا فَقَالَ لَهُ كُلَّ فَإِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ مَا أَنَا بأكل حَتَّى تَأْكُلَ فَأَكَلَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ ذَهَبَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ يَقُومُ فَقَالَ لَهُ نَمْ فَنَامَ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ يَقُوْمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ نَمْ فَلَمَّا كَانَ أُخِرُ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ

سَلْمَانُ قُمِ الْآنَ فَصَلِّيَا جَمِيعًا فَقَالَ لَهُ سَلْمَانُ إِنَّ لِرَبِّكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ لِنَفْسِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَلِأَهْلِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا فَاعْطِ كُلِّ ذِي حَقٌّ حَقَّهُ فَأَتَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ ذلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

صَدَقَ سَلْمَانُ – رواه البخاري .

149. Narrated by Abu Juhaifah Wahb ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) established brotherhood between Salman and Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with them). Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) visited Abu al-Darda and found Umm al-Darda, Abu al-Darda’s wife, wearing old and poor clothing. When he asked about her condition, Umm al-Darda said: “Your brother Abu al-Darda has no need for anything of this world.” Then Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) came and prepared food for Salman, saying: “Eat; I am fasting.” Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I will not eat unless you eat.” So Abu al-Darda also ate. At night, when Abu al-Darda rose to pray, Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) told him to sleep, and he slept. When he tried to rise again, Salman again told him to sleep. At the end of the night, Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) told him to get up, and the two of them prayed together. Then Salman (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: “Your Lord has a right over you, your soul has a right over you, and your family has a right over you. So give everyone who has a right his due right.” Then Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and told him everything. He said: “Salman has spoken the truth.” (Al-Bukhari)

١٥٠ وَعَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ أخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنِّي أَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ لَأَصُومَنَّ النَّهَارَ وَلَاقُوْمَنْ اللَّيْلَ مَا عِشْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تَقُولُ

ذَلِكَ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ قَدْ قُلْتُهُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ ذَلِكَ قصم وَاقْطِرْ وَلَمْ وَقُمْ وَصُمَّ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَإِنَّ الْحَسَنَةَ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا وَذَلِكَ مِثْلُ صِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أَطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ

فَصُمْ يَوْمًا وَأَفْطِرُ يَوْمَيْنِ قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أَطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَصُمْ يَوْمًا وَأَفْطِرُ يَوْمًا فَذَلِكَ صِيَامُ داودَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَهُوَ أَعْدَلُ الصِّيَامِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ هُوَ أَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ فَقُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى

اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَلَأَنْ أَكُونَ قَبِلْتُ الثَّلَاثَةَ الْأَيَّامِ الَّتِي قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَبُّ إِلَى مِنْ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي . وفي رواية أَلَمْ أَخْبَرُ أَنَّكَ تَصُومُ النَّهَارَ وَتَقُومُ اللَّيْلَ: قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَلَا

تَفْعَلْ صُمْ وَأَفْطِرُ وَنَمْ وَقُمْ فَإِنَّ لِجَسَدِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَإِنْ لِعَيْنَيْكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ لِزَوْجِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ لِزَوْرِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ بِحَسْبِكَ أَنْ تَصُومَ فِي كُلِّ شهر ثلاثةَ أَيَّامٍ فَإِنْ لَكَ بِكُلِّ حَسَنَةٍ عَشْرَ أَمْثَالِهَا فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ صِيَامُ

الدِّهْرِ فَشَدَدْتُ فَشُدِّدَ عَلَى قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَجِدُ قُوَّةً قَالَ صُمْ صِيَامَ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ دَاوُدَ وَلَا تَزِدْ عَلَيْهِ قُلْتُ وَمَا كَانَ صِيَامُ دَاوُدَ ؟ قَالَ نِصْفُ الدَّهْرِ فَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ بَعْدَ مَا كَبِرَ يَا لَيْتَنِي قَبِلْتُ رُخْصَةَ رَسُوْلِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى

اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . وفي رواية الم أَخْبَرُ أَنَّكَ تَصُومُ الدَّهْرَ وَتَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلَمْ أَرِدْ بِذَلِكَ إِلَّا الْخَيْرَ قَالَ فَصُ صَوْمَ نَبِيِّ الله الله دَاوُدَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ أَعْبَدَ النَّاسِ وَاقْرًا الْقُرْآنَ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ قُلْتُ يَا نَبِيُّ

اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ فَاقْرَاهُ فِي كُلِّ عِشْرِينَ قُلْتُ يَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ فَاقْرَاهُ فِي كُلِّ عَشْرٍ قُلْتُ يَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَطِيقُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ فَاقْرَأَهُ فِي كُلِّ سَبْعِ وَلَا تَزِدُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ

فَشَدَدْتُ فَشُدِّدَ عَلَى وَقَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي لَعَلَّكَ يَطولُ بِكَ عُمُر قَالَ فَصِرْتُ إِلَى الَّذِي قَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا كَبِرْتُ وَدِدْتُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ قَبِلْتُ رُخْصَةً نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ

وَسَلَّمَ وفي روايةٍ وَإِنَّ لِوَلَدِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَا صَامَ مَنْ صَامَ الْأَبَدَ ثَلَاثًا وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَحَبُّ الصِّيَامِ إِلى اللهِ صِيَامُ دَاوُدَ وَأَحَبُّ الصَّلاةِ إِلى اللهِ صَلَاةُ دَاوُدَ كَانَ يَنَامُ نِصْفَ اللَّيْلِ وَيَقُوْمُ ثُلُثَهُ وَيَنَامُ سُدُسَهُ وَكَانَ يَصُومُ

يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا ولا يفر اذا لاقى. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ أَنْكَحَنِي أَبِي امْرَأَةً ذَاتَ حَسَبٍ وَكَانَ يَتَعَاهَدُ كَنْتَهُ أَيْ امْرَأَةً وَلَدِهِ فَيَسْأَلُهَا عَنْ بَعْلِهَا فَتَقُولُ لَهُ نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ لَمْ يَطَأَ لَنَا فِرَاشًا وَلَمْ يُفَبِّشُ لَنَا كَنَفًا مُنْدُ آتَيْنَاهُ فَلَمَّا

طَالَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ الْقَنِي بِهِ فَلَقِيتُهُ بَعد ذلِكَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ تَصُومُ؟ قُلْتُ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ قَالَ وَكَيْفَ تَخْتِمُ؟ قُلْتُ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ وَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ مَا سَبَقَ وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ أَهْلِهِ السَّبْعَ الَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ

يَعْرِضُهُ مِنَ النَّهَارِ لِيَكُونَ أَخَفْ عَلَيْهِ بِاللَّيْلِ وَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يتقوى أفطرَ أَيَّامًا وَأَحْصَى وَصَامَ مِثْلَهُنَّ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يُتْرُكَ شَيْئًا فَارَقَ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. كُلِّ هذهِ الرِّوَايَاتِ صَحِيحَةٌ مُعْظَمُهَا فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ وَقَلِيلٌ

مِنْهَا فِي أَحَدِهِمَا .

150. Narrated from Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was informed that I used to say: By Allah, I will fast as long as I live and continue praying at night. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked: Do you really say this? I replied: May my parents be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah. Indeed, I have said this. He said: You will not be able to do so. Therefore, fast and also break your fast; sleep and also get up at night to pray; and fast three days every month. For every good deed brings a reward ten times over, and this will be equivalent to fasting perpetually. I said: I have the strength to do more than that. He said: Then fast one day and eat for two days. I said: I have the strength to do more than that. He said: Then fast one day and eat one day. This is the fast of Dawud (peace be upon him), and it is the most balanced fast. In another narration it is stated: It is the best fast. I said: I have the strength to do more than that. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: There is no better fast than this. (In his old age, Abdullah used to say:) Alas, if only I had accepted those three days of fasting that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had mentioned; they would have been dearer to me than my family and wealth.

Another narration states: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Have I not been informed that you fast during the day and offer voluntary prayers at night? I replied: Indeed, O Messenger of Allah! He said: Do not do that. Fast and also break your fast; sleep and also get up from sleep to pray. For your body has a right over you, your two eyes have a right over you, your wife has a right over you, and your guest has a right over you. Fasting three days every month is sufficient for you. For every good deed you will receive a reward ten times over, and that is equivalent to fasting the whole year, or fasting perpetually. I (Abdullah) imposed strictness upon myself, and so strictness was imposed upon me. I said: O Messenger of Allah, I feel strong. He replied: Fast the fast of Allah’s Prophet Dawud, and do not add to it. I asked: What was Dawud’s fast like? He replied: Half the year—that is, fasting one day and breaking the fast the next. After Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) grew old, he used to say: Alas, if only I had accepted the concession granted by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

Another narration states: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Have I not been told that you fast throughout the year and complete the Qur’an every night? I said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah! However, I seek goodness through it. He said: Then fast according to the practice of Allah’s Prophet Dawud, for he was the most devoted of people, and complete the Qur’an once every month. I said: O Prophet of Allah, I am able to do more than that. He said: Then complete it every twenty days. I said: O Prophet of Allah.

I am able to do more than that. He said: Then complete it every ten days. I said: O Messenger of Allah, I am able to do more than that. He said: Then complete the Qur’an in one week, and do not exceed that. Thus I imposed strictness upon myself, and it was imposed upon me. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also said to me: You do not know; perhaps you will live for a long time. Abdullah said: I reached the condition that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had spoken of. When I grew old, I regretted it and wished that I had accepted the concession granted by the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

Another narration states: Your son also has a right over you. Another narration states: Whoever fasts perpetually has not fasted. He said this three times. Another narration states: The fast most beloved to Allah is the fast of Dawud, and the prayer most beloved to Allah is the prayer of Dawud. He would sleep for half the night, worship during one-third of it, and sleep again during one-sixth of it. He would fast one day and break his fast the next, and he would not retreat when confronting the enemy.

In another narration, Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My father married me to a woman from a noble family. My father would make his son’s wife swear and ask her about her husband. My wife would reply: He is an excellent man—such a man that he has not yet shared my bed or lifted the covering since I came to him. When this continued for a long time, my father mentioned the matter to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He said: Send him to me. Thereafter I met him. He asked: How do you fast? I replied: Every day. How do you complete the Qur’an? I replied: Every night. The remainder of the hadith is as previously related. Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) would recite to one of his family members one-seventh of what he read, so that his burden at night would be lighter. When Abdullah wished to rest, he would count a number of days, break his fast, and then make up the fasts of those days, because he disliked acting contrary to what he had parted from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) having been told.

Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: All these narrations are authentic. Most of them are recorded in al-Bukhari and Muslim, while only a small portion is taken from one of these two books.

١٥١ – وَعَنْ أَبِي رِجْعِي حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ الْأَسَيْدِي الْكَاتِبِ أَحَدٍ كُتَابِ رَسُولِ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَقِيَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ أَنْتَ يَا حَنْظَلَةُ؟ قُلْتُ نَافَقَ حَنْظَلَةُ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ مَا تَقُولُ: قُلْتُ

نَكُوْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُذكِّرْنَا بِالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ كَأَنَّا رَأَى عَيْنٍ فَإِذَا خَرَجْنَا مِنْ عِندِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَافَسْنَا الْأَزْوَاجَ وَالْأَوْلَادَ والضَّيِّعَاتِ نَسِينَا كَثِيرًا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّا

لَتَلْقَى مِثْلَ هَذَا فَانْطَلَقْتُ أنا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ نَافَقَ حَنْظَلَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَكَ تُذَكِّرْنَا بِالنَّارِ

وَالْجَنَّةِ كَأَنَّا رَأَى الْعَيْنِ فَإِذَا خَرَجْنَا مِنْ عِنْدِكَ عَافَشَنَا الْأَزْوَاجَ وَالْأَوْلَادَ والضَّيِّعَاتِ نَسِينَا كَثِيرًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ تَدُومُونَ عَلَى مَا تَكُونُونَ عِنْدِي وَفِي الذِكرِ لَصَافَحَتْكُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ

عَلَى فُرُشِكُمْ وَفِي طُرُقِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ يَا حَنْظَلَةُ سَاعَةً وَسَاعَةً ثَلاث مرات . رواه مسلم قوله ربعي بِكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ وَالْأَسَيِّدِي بِضَمَ الْهَمْزَةِ وَفَتْحِ السِّيْنِ وَبَعْدَهَا يَاءُ مُشَدَّدَةٌ مَكْسُورَةٌ وَقَوْلُهُ عَافَسْنَا هَوَ بِالْعَيْنِ وَالسَّيْنِ الْمُهْمَلَتَيْنِ

أَي عَالَجْنَا وَلَا عَبْنَا وَالضَّيِّعَاتُ الْمَعَابِسُ .

151. Narrated from Abu Riq’i ibn Hanzalah ibn al-Rabi’ al-Usaydi (may Allah be pleased with him), who was one of the scribes of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He said: Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) met me one day and asked: How are you, O Hanzalah? I replied: Hanzalah has become a hypocrite. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) exclaimed: Glory be to Allah! What are you saying? I said: When we are in the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), he reminds us of Paradise and Hell as though we see them before our eyes. But when we leave him and become occupied with our wives, children, and property, we forget much of it. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, I experience the same. Then I and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, Hanzalah has become a hypocrite. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked: What is the matter? I said: O Messenger of Allah, when we are with you, you remind us of Paradise and Hell, and it is as though we see them before our eyes. But when we leave you and become occupied with our wives, children, and property, we forget much of it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: By Him in whose hand is my soul, if you were to remain always in the state in which you are with me and while remembering Allah, the angels would shake hands with you in your beds—that is, while you are lying down—and on your paths. But, O Hanzalah, there is a time for this and a time for that. He said this three times. (Muslim)

١٥٢ – وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ بَيْنَمَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ إِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ قَائِمٍ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا أَبُو إِسْرَائِيلَ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَقُومَ فِي الشَّمْسِ وَلَا يَقْعُدَ وَلَا يَسْتَظِلُّ وَلَا يَتَكَلَّمَ وَيَصُوْمَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ

صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرُوهُ فَلْيَتَكَلَّمْ وَلْيَسْتَظِلُّ وَلْيَقْعُدُ وَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ – رواه البخاري .

152. Narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father). He said: Once, while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was delivering a sermon, he saw a man standing. He asked about him, and the Companions said: This is Abu Israel. He has vowed to stand in the sun, not sit, not seek shade, not speak to anyone, and to fast. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Command him to speak, seek shade, sit, and complete his fast. (Al-Bukhari)

Section 15: Remaining consistently active and diligent in good deeds

One must remain consistently active and diligent in good deeds.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ تَخْشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ لِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَمَا نَزَلَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَلَا يَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَطَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْآمَدُ فَقَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ .

The Exalted Allah says:

(1) “Has the time not yet come for the believers that their hearts should humble themselves at the remembrance of Allah and before the truth that He has sent down, and that they should not be like those who were given the Scripture before, then a long period passed over them and their hearts became hardened?” (Surah al-Hadid: 16)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : ثُمَّ قَفَّيْنَا عَلَى أَثَارِهِمْ بِرُسُلِنَا وَقَفَّيْنَا بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَأَتَيْنَاهُ الْإِنْجِيلَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِي قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ رَافَةً وَرَحْمَةً وَرَهْبَانِيَّةٌ ابْتَدَعُوهَا مَا كَتَبْنَاهَا عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ رِضْوَانِ اللَّهِ فَمَا رَعَوْهَا حَقٍّ رِعَايَتِهَا .

(2) “Then We sent Our messengers to follow in their footsteps, and We sent Jesus, son of Mary, and gave him the Gospel. We placed compassion and mercy in the hearts of those who followed him. As for monasticism, they invented it themselves. We did not prescribe it for them, except in pursuit of Allah’s pleasure; yet they did not observe it as it should have been observed.” (Surah al-Hadid: 27)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهَا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكَاثًا .

(3) “And do not be like the woman who untwisted her spun thread after making it strong, reducing it to pieces.” (Surah al-Nahl: 92)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَاعْبُدُ رَبِّكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ الْيَقِينُ .

(4) “Continue to worship your Lord until death comes to you.” (Surah al-Hijr: 99)

وَأَمَّا الْأَحَادِيثُ فَمِنْهَا حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ وَكَانَ أَحَبُّ الدِّينِ إِلَيْهِ مَا دَاوَمَ صَاحِبُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ سَبَقَ فِي الْبَابِ قَبْلَهُ .

Among the hadiths of this section is also the hadith narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), recorded as hadith 142, whose meaning is: “The religious deed most beloved to Allah is the one whose doer performs it regularly.”

١٥٣ – وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ نَامَ عَنْ حِزْبِهِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ أَوْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِّنْهُ فَقَرَاهُ مَا بَيْنَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَصَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ كُتِبَ لَهُ كَأَنَّمَا قَرَآهُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ – رواه مسلم .

153. Narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever sleeps without performing his regular portion of worship at night, or misses part of it, and then performs it between the Fajr and Dhuhr prayers, it will be recorded for him as though he had performed it during the night. (Muslim)

١٥٤ – وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ لَا تَكُنْ مِثْلَ فُلانٍ كَانَ يَقُوْمُ اللَّيْلَ فتَرَكَ قِيَامَ اللَّيْلِ – متفق عليه .

154. Narrated from Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As (may Allah be pleased with him and his father). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to me: O Abdullah, do not be like so-and-so. He used to worship at night, then abandoned night worship. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٥٥ – وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا فَاتَتْهُ الصَّلاةُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مِنْ وَجَعِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ صَلَّى مِنَ النَّهَارِ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ ركعة – رواه مسلم .

155. Narrated from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: If the night prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was missed due to illness or any other reason, he would pray twelve rakahs during the day in its place. (Muslim)

Section 16: Preserving the Sunnah and acting according to it

Preserving the Sunnah and acting according to it [The word Sunnah means path, view, model, method, practice, and so on. Here, the Sunnah of the science of jurisprudence is not meant. In jurisprudence, the various commands of the Shariah are classified as obligatory, necessary, Sunnah, voluntary, and so on. In the broad Islamic sense, the fundamental meaning of Sunnah is the way of life, practice, and method of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), known through his words, deeds, and approvals. This section speaks of following this Sunnah, and the Qur’an and hadith strongly emphasize adherence to it. This is a requirement of faith. (Translator)]

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَمَا أَتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا

The Exalted Allah says:

(1) “Whatever the Messenger gives you, accept it, and whatever he forbids you, abstain from it.” (Surah al-Hashr: 7)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَا يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَى إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحَى .

(2) “Nor does he speak from his own desire. It is nothing but revelation revealed.” (Surah al-Najm: 3–4)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : قُلْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ .

(3) “Say: If you love Allah, then follow me; Allah will love you and forgive you your sins.” (Surah Al Imran: 31)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُوا اللَّهَ وَالْيَوْمَ الْآخِرَ .

(4) “Indeed, in the Messenger of Allah you have an excellent example for those who hope in Allah and the Last Day.” (Surah al-Ahzab: 21)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيْمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا .

(5) “No, by your Lord! They will not truly believe until they accept you as judge in their disputes, then find no hesitation in their hearts regarding your decision, and submit to it completely.” (Surah al-Nisa: 65)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ.

(6) “If you differ over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you believe in Allah and the Last Day.” (Surah al-Nisa: 59). The scholarly religious authorities say: That is, refer it to the Qur’an and the Sunnah.

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : مَنْ يُطِعِ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ .

(7) “Whoever obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah.” (Surah al-Nisa: 80)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَإِنَّكَ لَتَهْدِى إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ صِرَاط الله .

(8) “And indeed, you guide to a straight path—the path of Allah.” (Surah al-Shura: 63)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَلْيَحْذَرِ الَّذِينَ يُخَالِفُوْنَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ تُصِيبَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ أَوْ يُصِيبَهُمْ عَذَابٌ اليم.

(9) “Those who oppose his command should beware lest a calamity befall them or a painful punishment afflict them.” (Surah al-Nur: 63)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَاذْكُرْنَ مَا يُتْلَى فِي بُيُوتِكُنْ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ .

(10) “O wives of the Prophet, remember what is recited in your homes of the verses of Allah and wisdom.” (Surah al-Ahzab: 34)

وَالْآيَاتُ فِي الْبَابِ كَثِيرَةٌ. وَأَمَّا الْأَحَادِيثُ : ١٥٦ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ دَعُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ إِنَّمَا أَهْلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ كَثَرَةٌ سُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافُهُمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ فَإِذَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ

شَيْءٍ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا استطعتم متفق عليه .

156. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Leave me concerning what I have left unmentioned to you”—that is, do not ask questions about it. Indeed, those who came before you were destroyed because of their excessive questioning and their disagreement with their prophets. Therefore, when I forbid you from something, refrain from it; and when I command you to do something, carry it out to the best of your ability. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٥٧ – عَنْ أَبِي نَجِيحِ الْعِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ وَعَظَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَوْعِظَةٌ بَلِيغَهُ وَجِلَتْ مِنْهَا الْقُلُوبُ وَذَرَفَتْ مِنْهَا الْعُيُونُ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَأَنَّهَا مَوْعِظَةٌ مُوَدِّعٍ فَأَوْصِنَا قَالَ أَوْصِيكُمْ

بِتَقْوَى الله والسمع والطَّاعَةِ وَإِنْ تَأمُرَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَبْدٌ وَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يُعِشُ مِنْكُمْ فَسَيَرَى اختلافا كَثِيرًا فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِسُنَّتِي وَسُنَّةِ الْخُلَفَاءِ الرَّاشِدِينَ الْمَهْدِيِّينَ عَضُوا عَلَيْهَا بِالنَّوَاجِدِ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَمُحْدَثَاتِ الْأَمُورِ فَإِنْ كُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلالة – رواه

ابو داود والترمذي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحُ النَّوَاجِدُ بِالنَّالِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ الْأَنْيَابُ وَقِيلَ الْأَضْرَاسُ .

157. Abu Najih ‘Irbad ibn Sariyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: Once the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave us such a moving admonition that all our hearts softened and tears began to flow from our eyes.

We said, “O Messenger of Allah! This seems like a farewell admonition. So advise us further.” He said: “I advise you to fear Allah, and to listen and obey, even if an Abyssinian slave is appointed as your ruler. Whoever among you lives on will see much disagreement. At that time, it is incumbent upon you to follow my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the rightly guided Caliphs. Hold firmly to it, and beware of newly introduced matters in religion (bid‘ahs), for every bid‘ah is misguidance.”

Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi cited this hadith, and Imam al-Tirmidhi classified it as hasan and sahih.

١٥٨ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ كُلُّ أُمَّتِي يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَبَى قِيلَ وَمَنْ يُأْبَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ أبى – رواه البخاري .

158. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “All of my Ummah will enter Paradise except those who refuse.” It was asked, “O Messenger of Allah, who would refuse?” He said: “Whoever obeys me will enter Paradise, and whoever disobeys me has refused.” (Al-Bukhari)

١٥٩ – عَنْ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ وَقِيلَ أَبِي إِيَّاسِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَجُلاً أَكَلَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِشِمَالِهِ فَقَالَ كُلِّ بِيَمِينِكَ قَالَ لا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ لَا اسْتَطَعْتَ مَا مَنَعَهُ إِلَّا الْكِبْرُ فَمَا

رَفَعَهَا إِلَى فيه رواه مسلم .

159. Abu Muslim—or, according to another account, Abu Iyas Salamah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-Akwa‘ (may Allah be pleased with him)—narrated that a man was eating with his left hand in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He said, “Eat with your right hand.” The man replied, “I cannot.” He said, “May you never be able to!” In fact, nothing prevented him from obeying this command except arrogance. Thereafter, he was unable to raise his hand to his mouth. (Muslim)

Explanation: This hadith makes it clear that eating and drinking with the left hand is a sign of arrogance. Allah does not like an arrogant person. Yet in the present age, eating and drinking with the left hand is regarded as a mark of refinement.

It is stated in another hadith: “Eat and drink with your right hand, for Satan eats and drinks with his left hand.”

١٦٠ – عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ النَّعْمَانِ بْن بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ الله صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لَتُسَوَّنُ صُفُوفَكُمْ أَوْ لَيُخَالِفَنَّ اللَّهُ بَيْنَ وَجُوهِكُمْ – متفق عليه وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ

عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُسَوِى صُفُوفَنَا حَتَّى كَأَنَّمَا يُسَوَى بِهَا الْقِدَاحَ حَتَّى إِذَا رَأَى أَنَّا قَدْ عَقَلْنَا عَنْهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يَوْمًا فَقَامَ حَتَّى كَادَ أَنْ يُكَبِّرَ فَرَأَى رَجُلًا بَادِيًا صَدْرُهُ فَقَالَ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ لَتُسَوَّنُ صُفُوقَكُمْ أَوْ لَيُخَالِفَنَّ اللَّهُ بَيْنَ وَجُوهِكُمْ .

160. Abu ‘Abdullah al-Nu‘man ibn Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: “Straighten your rows in prayer, or Allah will create disagreement among your faces.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

In another narration by Muslim, it is reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would straighten our rows until it seemed as though he were straightening arrows with them. He would continue insisting until he knew that we had fully understood the matter. Then one day he came out, stood for prayer, and was about to say the opening takbir when he saw a man whose chest protruded beyond the row. He said: “O servants of Allah! Straighten your rows, or Allah will create disagreement among your faces”—or, it is said, “discord among your hearts.”

١٦١ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ احْتَرَقَ بَيْتٌ بِالْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَلَمَّا حُدِثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِشَأْنِهِمْ قَالَ إِنَّ هَذِهِ النَّارَ عَدُوٌّ لَكُمْ فَإِذَا نِمْتُمْ فَأَطْفِئُوهَا عَنْكُمْ متفق عليه .

161. Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: One night in Madinah, a house and its occupants caught fire. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was informed about them, he said: “This fire is your enemy. So when you go to sleep, extinguish it.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٦٢ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ مَثَلَ مَا بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْعِلْمِ كَمَثَلِ غَيْثَ أَصَابَ أَرْضًا فَكَانَتْ مِنْهَا طَائِفَةٌ طَيِّبَةً قَبِلَتِ الْمَاءَ فَأَنْبَتَتِ الْكَلَّا وَالْعُشَبَ الْكَثِيرَ وَكَانَ مِنْهَا أَجَادِبُ أَمْسَكَتِ

الْمَاءَ فَنَفَعَ اللَّهُ بِهَا النَّاسَ فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهَا وَسَقَوْا وَزَرَعُوا وَأَصَابَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهَا أُخْرَى إِنَّمَا هِيَ قِبْعَانٌ لَا تُمْسِكُ مَاءً وَلَا تُنْبِتُ كَلَّا فَذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ فَقُهَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ وَنَفَعَهُ بِمَا بَعَثَنِي اللهُ بِهِ فَعَلِمَ وَعَلَّمَ وَمَثَلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْفَعُ بِذَلِكَ

رَأْسًا وَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ هُدَى الله الذي أُرْسِلْتُ به متفق عليهفَقُهَ بِضَمِّ الْقَافِ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ وَقِيلَ بَكَسْرِهَا أَوْ صَارَ فَقِيْهَا

162. Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The example of the guidance and knowledge with which Allah sent me is like rain that falls upon land. One part of the land is fertile; it absorbs the water and produces abundant fresh grass. Another part consists of firm ground that retains the water, and Allah benefits people through it: they drink from it, give their animals water, irrigate their fields, and grow crops. Another part is barren, level ground that retains no water and produces no grass. The first is the example of a person who gains deep understanding of Allah’s religion and benefits from what Allah sent me with; he acquires knowledge himself and teaches others. The last is the example of a person who pays no attention to religious knowledge and does not accept the guidance with which Allah sent me. (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٦٣ – عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَثَلِى وَمَثَلُكُمْ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ أَوْقَدَ نَارًا فَجَعَلَ الْجَنَادِبُ وَالْفَرَاسُ يَقَعْنَ فِيهَا وَهُوَ يَدُبُّهُنَّ عَنْهَا وَأَنَا أَحَدٌ بِحُجَزِكُمْ عَنِ النَّارِ وَانْتُمْ تُفْلِتُوْنَ مِنْ بَدَى – رواه

مسلم الْجَنَادِبُ نَحْوُ الْجَرَادِ وَالْفَرَاسُ هَذَا الْمَعْرُوفَ الَّذِي يَقَعُ فِي النَّارِ وَالْحُجَزُ جَمْعُ حجْزَةٍ وَهِيَ مَعْقِدُ الْإِزارِ وَالسَّرَاوِيلِ.

163. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “My example and your example are like that of a man who lit a fire, whereupon moths and other insects began falling into it, while he tried to keep them away from it. I am holding you by your waistbands to prevent you from falling into the Fire, but you are slipping from my grasp and falling into it.” (Muslim)

١٦٤ – وَعَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ بِلَعْقِ الْأَصَابِعِ وَالصَّحْفَةِ وَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ لَا تَدْرُوْنَ فِي أَيُّهَا الْبَرَكَةُ . رواه مسلم وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ إِذَا وَقَعَتْ لُقْمَةٌ أَحَدِكُمْ فَلْيَأْخُذْهَا فَلْيُمِطُ مَا كَانَ بِهَا مِنْ أَذًى وَلِيَأْكُلُهَا وَلَا

يَدَعْهَا لِلشَّيْطَانِ وَلَا يَمْسَحُ يَدَهُ بِالْمِنْدِيلِ حَتَّى يَلْعَقَ أَصَابِعَهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَدْرِي فِي أَي طَعَامِهِ الْبَرَكَةُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَحْضُرُ أَحَدَكُمْ عِنْدَ كُلِّ شَيْ مِنْ شَأْنِهِ حَتَّى يَحْضُرَهُ عِندَ طَعَامِهِ فَإِذَا سَقَطَتْ مِنْ أَحَدِكُمُ

اللُّقْمَةُ فَلْيُمِطُ مَا كَانَ بِهَا مِنْ أَذًى فَلْيَأْكُلْهَا وَلَا يَدَعْهَا لِلشَّيْطَانِ .

164. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) instructed us to lick our fingers and our dish, and said: “You do not know in which part of it the blessing lies.” (Muslim)

Another narration by Muslim states that if a morsel of food belonging to any of you falls, he should pick it up, remove any dirt from it, and eat it, rather than leave it for Satan. He should not wipe his hand with a cloth until he has licked his fingers, for he does not know in which part of his food the blessing lies.

In another narration by Muslim, it is reported that Satan is present with each of you in every matter, even at the time of his eating. Therefore, if a morsel of food belonging to any of you falls, he should remove any dirt from it and eat it, rather than leave it for Satan.

١٦٥ – عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَامَ فِيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَوْعِظَةٍ فَقَالَ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ مَحْشُورُونَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى حُفَاةً عُرَاةً غُوْلاً كَمَا بَدَأْنَا أَوَّلَ خَلْقٍ نُعِيدُهُ وَعْدًا عَلَيْنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا فَاعِلِيْنَا أَلَا

وَإِنْ أَوَّلَ الْخَلائِقِ يُكْسَى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامِ أَلَا وَإِنَّهُ سَيُجَاءُ بِرِجَالٍ مِنْ أُمَّتِي فَيُؤْخَذُ بِهِمْ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ فَأَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ أَصْحَابِي فَيُقَالُ إِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا أحْدَثُوا بَعْدَكَ فَأَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ الصَّالِحُ وَكُنْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ

شَهِيدًا مَا دُمْتُ فِيْهِمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ فَيُقَالُ لِي إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَزَالُوْا مُرْتَدِيْنَ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتَهُمْ – متفق عليه غزلاً أَي غَيْرَ مَخْتُونِينَ .

165. Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stood among us and delivered a sermon, saying: “O people! You will be gathered before Allah barefoot, naked, and uncircumcised. Allah says: ‘As We began the first creation, We shall repeat it. This is a promise binding upon Us, and We shall surely fulfill it’ (Surah al-Anbiya: 103). Know that the first person to be clothed on the Day of Resurrection will be Ibrahim (peace be upon him). Beware! Some men from my Ummah will be brought and taken to the left. I will say, ‘O my Lord, these are my Companions.’ It will be said, ‘You do not know what they introduced after you.’ Then I will say as the righteous servant (‘Isa) said: ‘I was a witness over them as long as I remained among them…’ (Surah al-Ma’idah: 117–118). Then I will be told: ‘They turned away from your religion after you departed from them.’ (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

١٦٦ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّل رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْخَذْفِ وَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ الصَّيْدَ وَلَا يَنْكَأُ الْعَدُوِّ وَإِنَّهُ يَفْقَأُ الْعَيْنَ وَيَكْسِرُ السِّن متفق عليه

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنْ قَرِيبًا لِابْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ خَذَفَ فَنَهَاهُ وَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنِ الْخَذْفِ وَقَالَ إِنَّهَا لا تَصِيدُ صَيْدًا ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ أَحَدِّثُكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْهُ ثُمَّ عُدَّتْ تَخْذِفُ لَا

أَكَلِّمُكَ أَبَدًا

166. Abu Sa‘id ‘Abdullah ibn Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prohibited placing a small stone between the forefinger and thumb and flicking it, and said: “It does not kill game or defeat an enemy; rather, it may pierce the eye and break the tooth.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Another narration states that a relative of ‘Abdullah ibn Mughaffal threw a small stone. ‘Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) forbade him and said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had prohibited throwing stones in this manner and said: “It does not kill game.” The man did it again. ‘Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) then said, “I am telling you that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prohibited it, yet you continue doing it. I will never speak to you again.”

١٦٧ – عَنْ عَابِسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يُقَبِّلُ الْحَجَرَ يَعْنِي الْأَسْوَدَ وَيَقُولُ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ حَجَرٌ مَا تَنْفَعُ وَلَا تَضُرُّ وَلَوْ لَا أَنِّي رايْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقَبِّلُكَ مَا قَبْلَتُكَ – متفق

عليه .

167. ‘Abis ibn Rabi‘ah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: I saw ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) kiss the Black Stone. He said: “I know that you are only a stone; you can neither benefit nor harm. Had I not seen the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) kiss you, I would not have kissed you.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Chapter 17 — The obligation of obeying Allah’s commands, and what should be said by one who calls people to obey them, enjoins good, and forbids evil

The obligation of obeying Allah’s commands, and what should be said by one who calls people to obey them, enjoins good, and forbids evil.

اللهُ تَعَالَى : فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا قَالَ الله يَجِدُوا فِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا.

The Exalted Allah says:

(1) “But no, by your Lord! They will not be believers until they make you judge concerning their disputes, then find no hesitation or discomfort in their hearts regarding your decision, and submit to it with complete submission.” (Surah al-Nisa: 65)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّمَا كَانَ قَوْلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذَا دُعُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُوْلِهِ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ أَنْ يَقُولُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ .

(2) “The only response of the believers when they are called to Allah and His Messenger so that he may judge between them is to say, ‘We hear and we obey.’ It is they who will prosper.” (Surah al-Nur: 51) Among the hadiths relevant to this chapter, the hadith of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) was mentioned earlier under Hadith 156. Many other hadiths on this subject are also found, such as:

١٦٨ – وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اللهُ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَإِنْ تُبْدُوا مَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبُكُمْ بِهِ اللهُ الْآيَةَ اشْتَدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ

اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ بَرَكُوا عَلَى الرُّكَبِ فَقَالُوا أَي رَسُولَ اللهِ كَلِفْنَا مِنَ الْأَعْمَالِ مَا تُطِيقُ الصَّلاةَ وَالصِّيَامَ وَالْجِهَادَ وَالصَّدَقَةَ وَقَدْ أُنزِلَتْ عَلَيْكَ هذه الْآيَةُ وَلَا تُطِيقُهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ

اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اتُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تَقُولُوا كَمَا قَالَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ سَمِعْنَا وَعَصَيْنَا ؟ بَلْ قُولُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرَ فَلَمَّا اقْتَرَأَهَا الْقَوْمُ وَذَلَّتْ بِهَا الْسِنَتُهُمْ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي اثْرِهَا أَمَنَ

الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلُّ أَمَنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّنْ رُّسُلِهِ وَقَالُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ) فَلَمَّا فَعَلُوْا ذَلِكَ نَسَخَهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلٌ لا يُكَلِّفُ

اللهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبُّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا) قَالَ نَعَمُ (رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَا إِصْراً كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا ) قَالَ نَعَمْ (رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ) قَالَ نَعَمْ

وَاعْفُ عَنَّا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا أَنْتَ مَوْلَانَا فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ) قَالَ نَعَمْ – رواه مسلم .

168. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: When the verse was revealed to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), “To Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Whether you reveal what is within yourselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it” (Surah al-Baqarah: 284), this was very difficult for the Companions. They came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), knelt down, and said, “O Messenger of Allah! We have been charged with deeds within our ability, such as prayer, jihad, fasting, and charity, but this verse has been revealed to you, and we do not have the ability to carry it out.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Do you wish to say as the Jews and Christians before you said, ‘We hear and we disobey’? Rather, say: ‘We hear and we obey. We seek Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the return.’” When the people recited this verse and their tongues submitted to it, Allah revealed after it the following verse: “The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and so have the believers. They all believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, and His messengers. We make no distinction between any of His messengers. And they say, ‘We hear and we obey. We seek Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the return.’” (Surah al-Baqarah: 185)

When the Companions did this, Allah abrogated the ruling of that verse and revealed the following verse: “Allah does not burden any soul beyond its capacity. It will have the reward of whatever good it has earned, and it will bear the punishment for whatever evil it has committed. They say: ‘Our Lord, do not hold us accountable if we forget or make a mistake.’ Allah says, ‘Yes.’ They say: ‘Our Lord, do not place upon us a burden like the one You placed upon those before us.’ Allah says, ‘Yes.’ They say: ‘Our Lord, do not burden us with what we have no strength to bear. Wipe away our sins, forgive us, and have mercy on us. You are our Protector, so grant us victory over the disbelieving people.’ Allah says, ‘Yes.’” (Surah al-Baqarah: 286; Muslim)

Chapter 18 — Bid‘ah Is Prohibited

Bid‘ah (introducing and establishing new matters in the religion) is prohibited.

 قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : فَمَا ذَا بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلَالُ .

The Exalted Allah says:

1. “What is there after the truth except misguidance?” (Surah Yunus: 22)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : مَا فَرَّطْنَا فِي الْكِتَابِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ .

2. “I have not omitted anything from this Book.” (Surah Al-An‘am: 8)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ .

3. “If you disagree about anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger” (Surah An-Nisa: 59)—that is, to the Book and the Sunnah.

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَإِنَّ هَذَا صِرَاطِئ مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا السَّبُلَ فَتَفَرِّقَ بِكُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ .

4. “Indeed, this is My straight and firm path, so follow it. Do not follow other paths, lest they separate you from His path.” (Surah Al-An‘am: 153)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : قُلْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ.

5. “Say: If you love Allah, then follow me; Allah will love you and forgive your sins.” (Surah Al Imran: 31)

There are many other well-known verses supporting the subject matter of this section.

١٦٩ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رد متفق عليه وفي رواية المسلم4.مَنْ أَحْدَثَ في أمرنا هذا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدُّ . مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلاً لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُنَا فَهُوَ رَدُّ.

169. ‘Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated. She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever introduces into this religion of ours something that is not part of it, it is rejected. (Bukhari, Muslim)

Another narration in Sahih Muslim states: If anyone does an action that is contrary to the command of our religion, it is rejected.

۱۷۰ – عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا خَطَبَ إِحْمَرْتُ عَيْنَاهُ وَعَلَا صَوْتُهُ وَاشْتَدْ غَضَبُهُ حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ مُنْذِرُ جَيْشِ يَقُولُ صَبْحَكُمْ وَمَسَاكُمْ وَيَقُولُ بُعِثْتُ أنَا وَالسَّاعَةُ كَهَاتَيْنِ وَيَقْرِنُ بَيْنَ

أَصْبَعَيْهِ السَّبَابَةِ والوُسْطَى وَيَقُولُ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنْ خَيْرَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ وَخَيْرَ الْهَدَى هَدَى مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَشَرِّ الْأَمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا وَكُلِّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلَالَةٌ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَنَا أولى بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِن مِنْ نَفْسِهِ مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلِأَهْلِهِ

وَمَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنَا أَوْ ضِيَاعًا فَإِلَى وعلى – رواه مسلم .

170. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) delivered a sermon, his eyes would become red, his voice would rise, and his anger would intensify, as though he were warning an army. He would say: “May Allah keep you well morning and evening.” He would also say: “I have been sent with the Hour like these two,” and he would join his middle and index fingers. He would further say: “To proceed, the best speech is the Book of Allah, and the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The worst matters are those newly introduced, and every innovation is misguidance.” Then he would say: “I am closer to every believer than his own self. Whoever leaves property, it is for his family; and whoever leaves a debt or helpless children, their responsibility is upon me.” (Muslim)

In this connection, Irbad ibn Sariyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated a hadith. His hadith was quoted earlier in the section entitled “Preservation of the Sunnah” (Hadith no. 157).

Section 19 — Whoever Introduces a Good or Evil Practice

Whoever introduces a good or evil practice.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ أَزْوَاجِنَا وَذُرِّيَّتِنَا قُرَّةَ أَعْيُنٍ وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِمَامًا .

Allah the Exalted says:

1. “And those who say: Our Lord, grant us from our spouses and offspring the comfort of our eyes, and make us leaders of the righteous.” (Surah Al-Furqan: 74)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا

2. “We appointed them leaders; they guided people by Our command.” (Surah Al-Anbiya: 73)

۱۷۱ – عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنَّا فِي صَدْرِ النَّهَارِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَاءَهُ قَوْمٌ عُرَاةٌ مُجْتَابِي النِّمَارِ أَوِ الْعَبَاءِ مُتَقَلِدِي السَّيُوفِ عَامُتُهُمْ مِنْ مُضَرَ بَلْ كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ مُضَرَ فَتَمَعْرَ

وَجْهُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِمَا رَأَى بِهِمْ مِنَ الْفَاقَةِ فَدَخَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَأَمَرَ بِلالا فَاذْنَ وَأَقَامَ فَصَلَّى ثُمَّ خَطَبَ فَقَالَ (يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِّنْ نفس واحدة) إلى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ (إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ رَقِيبًا)

وَالْآيَةُ الْأُخْرَى الَّتِي فِي أَخِرِ الْخَشْرِ (بَايُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَلْتَنظُرْ نَفْسٌ مَا قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدَا تَصَدِّقَ رَجُلٌ مِّنْ دِينَارِهِ مِنْ دِرْهَمِهِ مِنْ تَوْبِهِ مِنْ صَاعِ بُرِّهِ مِنْ صَاعِ تَمْرِهِ حَتَّى قَالَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِصُرْةٍ

كَادَتْ كَفَّهُ تَعْجِرُ عَنْهَا بَلْ قَدْ عَجَزَتْ ثُمَّ تَتَابَعَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ كَوْمَيْنِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَثِيَابٍ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَهَلَلُ كَانَّهُ مُذْهَبَةٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ سَنْ فِي

الْإِسْلامِ سُنَّةً حَسَنَةً فَلَهُ أَجْرُهَا وَأَجْرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنقُصُ مِنْ أَجُورِهِمْ شَيْءٍ وَمَنْ سَنْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ سُنَّةً سَيِّئَةً كَانَ عَلَيْهِ وِزْرُهَا وَوَزْرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَنقُصُ مِنْ أَوْزَارِهِمْ شَيْ

رواه مسلمقَولُهُ مُجْتَابِي النَّمَارِ هُوَ بِالْجَيْمِ وَبَعْدِ الْأَلِفِ بَاءٌ مُؤَحَدَةً وَالنَّمَارُ جَمْعُ نَمِرَةٍ وَهِيَ كِسَاء مِنْ صُوفَ مُخَطَّطِ وَمَعْنَى مُجْتَابِيهَا أَى لَابِسِيْهَا قَدْ خَرَقُوهَا فِي رُوسِهِمْ وَالْجَوبُ الْقَطْعُ وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُ اللهِ تَعَالَى وَتَمَوْدَ الَّذِينَ

جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ) أَيْ نَحَتُوهُ وَقَطَعُوهُ وَقَوْلُهُ تَمَعْرَ هُوَ بِالْعَيْنِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ أَي تَغَيَّرَ وَقَوْلُهُ رَأَيْتُ كَوْمَيْنِ بِفَتْحِ الْكَافِ وَضَمِهَا أَى صُبْرَتَيْنِ وَقَوْلُهُ كَأَنَّهُ مُذْهَبَةٌ هُوَ بِالنَّالِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَفَتْحِ الْهَاءِ وَالْبَاءِ الْمُوَحِدَةِ قَالَهُ الْقَاضِي عِبَاضُ

وَغَيْرُهُ وَصَحْفَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ فَقَالَ مُدْهُنَةٌ بدال مُهْمَلَةٍ وَضَمَ الْهَاءِ وَبِالنُّونِ وكَذَا ضَبَطَهُ الْحُمَيْدِي وَالصَّحِيحُ الْمَشْهُورُ هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَالْمُرَادُ بِهِ عَلَى الْوَجْهَيْنِ الصَّفَاءُ وَالْاسْتَنَارَةُ .

171. Jarir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the early part of the day when a group of people came to him. They were barefoot and wore striped woolen garments or cloaks, with swords hanging from them. Most of them—or all of them—were from the tribe of Mudar. Seeing their desperate poverty, the complexion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) changed. He went inside, then came out and instructed Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) to give the call to prayer. Bilal gave the adhan and iqamah. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prayed and delivered a sermon, saying: “O people! Fear your Lord, Who created you from a single person, created from him his mate, and spread from the two many men and women. And fear Allah, in Whose name you appeal to one another for your rights, and maintain the ties of kinship. Surely Allah is ever watchful over you.” (Surah An-Nisa, verse 1). He also recited the following verse near the end of Surah Al-Hashr: “O believers! Fear Allah, and let every soul look to what it has sent forth for tomorrow. And fear Allah; surely Allah is aware of what you do.” (Surah Al-Hashr, verse 18). Then he said: Every person should give charity from his dinar, dirham, garment, wheat, and dates. He even said: Give charity, even if it is half a date. Then a man from the Ansar came with a sack of dates. His hand could barely carry it—indeed, it was unable to do so. Then the people began giving one after another, until I saw two heaps of food and clothing. I saw the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) shining, as though it had become golden. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) then said: “Whoever introduces a good practice in Islam will have its reward and the reward of those who act upon it after him, without their rewards being diminished in the least. And whoever introduces an evil practice in Islam will bear its burden and the burden of those who act upon it after him, without their burdens being diminished in the least.” (Muslim)

۱۷۲ – عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَيْسَ مِنْ نَفْسٍ تُقْتَلُ ظُلْمًا إِلا كَانَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ الْأَوَّلِ كِفْلٌ مِنْ دَمِهَا لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ أول مَنْ سَنُ الْقَتْلَ – متفق عليه .

172. Ibn Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Every person who is unjustly killed causes a share of the responsibility for his bloodshed to fall upon the first son of Adam, Qabil, because he was the first person to establish the practice of killing. (Bukhari, Muslim)

Section 20 — The Reward for Guiding to Good Deeds and Calling to the Right or Wrong Path

The reward for guiding to good deeds and calling to the right or wrong path.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : وَأَدْعُ إِلَى رَبِّكَ .

Allah the Exalted says:

(1) “Call people to your Lord.” (Surah Al-Qasas: 87)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : أَدْعُ إِلَى سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَالْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ .

(2) “Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good instruction.” (Surah An-Nahl: 125)

وقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوى

(3) “Cooperate with one another in righteousness and piety.” (Surah Al-Ma’idah: 2)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَلْتَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ أُمَّةً يُدْعُونَ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ .

(4) “Let there be a group among you who call to goodness.” (Surah Al Imran: 104)

۱۷۳ – وَعَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَمْرُو الْأَنْصَارِيِّ الْبَدْرِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ دَلَّ عَلَى خَيْرٍ فَلَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرٍ فَاعِلِهِ رواه مسلم

173. Abu Mas‘ud ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amr Al-Ansari Al-Badri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever guides someone to a good deed will receive a reward equal to that of the person who performs it. (Muslim)

١٧٤ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ دَعَا إِلَى هُدًى كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ أُجُورِ مَنْ تَبِعَهُ لَا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَجُورِهِمْ شَيْئًا وَمَن دَعَا إِلَى ضَلَالَةٍ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْإِثْمِ مِثْلُ أَيَّامٍ

مَنْ تَبِعَهُ لَا يَنْقُصُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَيَّامِهِمْ شَيْئًا – رواه مسلم .

174. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever calls to right guidance will receive a reward equal to the rewards of those who follow it, without their rewards being diminished in the least. And whoever calls to misguidance will bear a sin equal to the sins of those who follow it, without their sins being diminished in the least. (Muslim)

١٧٥ – عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدِ السَّاعِدِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ لَأُعْطِيَنَّ هَذِهِ الرَّايَةَ غَدًا رَجُلًا يَفْتَحُ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيُحِبُّهُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ فَبَاتَ النَّاسُ

يَدُوكُونَ لَيْلَتَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يُعْطَاهَا فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ غَدَوْا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلُّهُمْ يَرْجُو أَنْ يُعْطَاهَا فَقَالَ ابْنَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ۚ فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هُوَ يَشْتَكِيْ عَيْنَيْهِ قَالَ فَارْسِلُوا إِلَيْهِ فَأْتِيَ بِهِ فَبَصَقَ

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَ فَأَعْطَاهُ الرَّايَةَ فَقَالَ وَسَلَّمَ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَدَعَا لَهُ فَبَراً حَتَّى كَانَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ وَجَع . عَلَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَقَاتِلُهُمْ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مِثْلَنَا ؟ فَقَالَ انْقُدْ عَلَى رسُلِكَ حَتَّى تَنْزِلَ بِسَاحَتِهِمْ

ثُمَّ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَاخْبِرُهُمْ بِمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ حَقِّ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِيْهِ فَوَاللَّهِ لِأَنْ يُهْدِى اللَّهُ بِكَ رَجُلًا وَاحِدًا خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ حمر النعم – متفق عليه قَوْلُهُ يَدُوكُونَ أَي يَخُوضُونَ وَيَتَحَدِّثُونَ وَقَوْلُهُ رِسُلِكَ بكسر الراء وَبِفَتْحِهَا

لُغَتَانِ وَالْكَسْرُ أَفْصَحُ .

175. Abul Abbas Sahl ibn Sa‘d As-Sa‘idi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. On the day of the Battle of Khaybar, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Tomorrow I will certainly give this banner to a man through whose hands Allah will grant victory. He loves Allah and His Messenger, and Allah and His Messenger love him.” The people spent the night discussing who would be given the banner. In the morning, they all came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), hoping to receive it. He said: “Where is Ali ibn Abi Talib?” They said: “O Messenger of Allah, he is suffering from an eye ailment.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Send for him.” When he was brought, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) spat into his two eyes and supplicated for him. He recovered so completely that it was as though he had never been ill. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “O Messenger of Allah, shall I fight them until they become like us [Muslims]?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Advance until you reach their territory, then call them to Islam and inform them of what they must fulfill regarding Allah’s rights. By Allah, if Allah guides even one person through you, it is better for you than valuable red camels.” (Bukhari, Muslim)

١٧٦ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ فَتَى مِنْ أَسْلَمَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَرِيدُ الْغَزْوَ وَلَيْسَ مَعِى مَا أَتَجَهَرُ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ انْتِ فُلَانًا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ تَجَهْزَ فَمَرِضَ فَآتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ

وَيَقُولُ أَعْطِنِي الَّذِي تَجَهَّرْتَ بِهِ فَقَالَ يَا فُلانَةُ أَعْطِيهِ الَّذِي تَجَهَّرْتُ بِهِ وَلَا تَحْبِسِي مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَوَاللَّهِ لَا تَحْبِسِينَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَيُبَارَكَ لَنَا فِيهِ – رواه مسلم .

176. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. A young man from the tribe of Aslam said: “O Messenger of Allah, I want to participate in jihad, but I have no means with which to prepare.” He said: “Go to so-and-so; he had prepared for the expedition but became ill.” The young man went to him and said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) conveys his greetings to you and says that you should give me whatever equipment you have prepared.” The man said: “O so-and-so [woman], give him all my equipment and do not keep anything back.” By Allah, if you do not keep any of it back, Allah will bless it for us. (Muslim)

Section 21 — Mutual Cooperation in Righteousness and Piety

Mutual cooperation in righteousness and piety.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوى …..

Allah the Exalted says:

“Cooperate with one another in righteousness and piety, but do not cooperate in sin and transgression. Fear Allah; surely Allah’s punishment is severe.” (Surah Al-Ma’idah: 2)

وقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَالْعَصْرِ إِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوا بالصبر .

“By the passage of time! Surely humanity is in profound loss, except those who believe, do righteous deeds, urge one another to the truth, and urge one another to patience.” (Surah Al-‘Asr: 1, 2, 3)

Imam Ash-Shafi‘i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: People, or most people, do not reflect deeply on this surah. They remain heedless of it.

۱۷۷ – عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ جَهْزَ غَازِيًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ غَزَا وَمَنْ خَلَفَ غَازِيًا فِي أَهْلِهِ بِخَيْرٍ فَقَدْ غَزَا – متفق عليه

177. Abu Abdur-Rahman Zayd ibn Khalid Al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever equips a fighter in the cause of Allah has himself fought, and whoever looks after a fighter’s family in his absence with goodness has himself fought.

Imam Bukhari and Muslim narrated this hadith.

۱۷۸ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ بَعْثًا إِلَى بَنِي لِحْيَانَ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فَقَالَ لِيَنْبَعِثُ مِنْ كُلِّ رَجُلَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا وَالْأَجْرُ بَيْنَهُمَا – رواه مسلم .

178. Abu Sa‘id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent an expedition against the Banu Lihyan, a branch of Hudhayl. He said: From every two men, one should go forth, and the reward will be shared between them.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۱۷۹ – عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَقِيَ ركبا بالروحَاءِ فَقَالَ مَنِ الْقَوْمُ ؟ قَالُوا الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَقَالُوا مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَرَفَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ امْرَأَةً صَبِيًّا فَقَالَتْ الهُذَا حَج؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَلَكِ

أَجْرُ” رواه مسلم.

179. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) met a group of riders at a place called Ar-Rawha. He asked: “Who are you?” They replied: “We are Muslims.” They asked: “Who are you?” He said: “The Messenger of Allah.” Then a woman lifted a child before him and asked: “Can this child also perform Hajj?” He said: “Yes, and you will receive the reward.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۱۸۰ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْخَازِنُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْآمِينُ الَّذِي يُنْفِدُ مَا أَمرَ بِهِ فَيُعْطِيهِ كَامِلاً مُوَفِّرًا طيبة بهِ نَفْسُهُ فَيَدْفَعُهُ إِلَى الَّذِي أَمرَ لَهُ بِهِ أَحَدُ الْمُتَصَدِّقِينَ

متفق عليه وَفِي رواية الذي يُعْطِي مَا أَمِرَ بِهِ وَضَبَطُوا الْمُتَصَدِّقِيْنَ بِفَتْحِ الْقَافِ مَعَ كَسْرِ النُّونِ عَلَى التَّثْنِيَةِ وَعَكْسُهُ عَلَى الْجَمْعِ وَكِلاهُمَا صَحِيح

180. Abu Musa al-Ash’ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The Muslim treasurer is a trustworthy person; he carries out what he is instructed to do, then willingly and cheerfully pays it (the charity and zakat) in full, and then delivers it to the person to whom he has been instructed to hand it over. This person is also included among those who give charity (for fulfilling his duty). In another narration it says: He too is one of the two charity-givers.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

Section 22 — Nasihah (advice and wishing well).

Nasihah (advice and wishing well).

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ اخْوَةً ….

Allah the Exalted says:

“The Muslims are brothers to one another. Therefore, reconcile the relations between your brothers properly.” (Surah al-Hujurat: 10)

اخْبَارًا عَنْ نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامِ : وَأَنْصَحُ لَكُمْ…..

Allah the Exalted says concerning the account of Nuh (peace be upon him):

“I (Nuh) have conveyed to you the messages of my Lord. I am sincere toward you, and I know from Allah things that you do not know.” (Surah al-A’raf: 62)

وَعَنْ هُودٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلام : وَأَنَا لَكُمْ نَاصِحُ أَمِينُ .

He says concerning the account of Hud (peace be upon him):

“I am a trustworthy well-wisher for you.” (Surah al-A’raf: 68)

وَأَمَّا الْأَحَادِيثُ : ۱۸۱ – عَنْ أَبِي رُقَيَّةَ تَمِيمِ بْنِ أَوْسِ الدَّارِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الدِّينُ النَّصِيحَةُ قُلْنَا لِمَنْ ؟ قَالَ لِلَّهِ وَلِكِتَابِهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلَآئِمَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَامِّتِهِمْ – رواه مسلم .

181. Abu Ruqayyah Tamim ibn Aws al-Dari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The religion is nasihah (sincere counsel and wishing well). We asked, “For whom?” He said: “For Allah, for His Book, for His Messenger, for the leaders of the Muslims, and for all Muslims [Wishing one another well and advising one another regarding the truth is comparable to the fundamental basis of Islam. Nasihah for Allah means obeying all His commands and prohibitions. Nasihah toward the Book (the Qur’an) means acquiring knowledge from it and acting according to it. Nasihah toward the Prophet (peace be upon him) means obeying him and striving with all one’s might to propagate and establish the religion. Nasihah toward the Muslim leaders means giving them sound advice, pointing out their mistakes, and calling them to establish Islamic values at every level. (Translator)] .

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

۱۸۲ – عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى إِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَأَبْنَاءِ الزكوة والنَّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِم. متفق عليه.

182. Jarir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to establish prayer, pay zakat, and wish well for and give sincere advice to all Muslims. Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

۱۸۳ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى يُحِبُّ لِأَخِيهِ مَا يُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِهِ – متفق عليه .

183. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: None of you will have complete faith until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

Section 23 — Enjoining righteous deeds and forbidding wrong deeds.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَلْتَكُنْ مِنْكُمُ أُمَّةً يُدْعُونَ إِلَى الْخَيْرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“There must be a group among you who call to goodness and virtue, enjoin righteousness and good deeds, and restrain people from wrong and sinful deeds. Those who do this will be successful.” (Surah Al ‘Imran: 104)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : كُنتُمْ خَيْرَ أُمَّةٍ أُخْرِجَتْ لِلنَّاسِ تَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ

“You are the best nation brought forth for mankind (for their guidance and reform). You enjoin righteous deeds and restrain people from wrong and sinful deeds.” (Surah Al ‘Imran: 110)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : خُذِ الْعَفْوَ وَأَمُرُ بِالْعُرْفِ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْجَاهِلِينَ .

“Adopt the principle of leniency and forgiveness; enjoin righteous deeds and do not engage in disputes with the ignorant.” (Surah al-A’raf: 199)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتُ بَعْضُهُم أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ ……

“Believing men and believing women are friends and helpers of one another. They enjoin every good deed, restrain people from wrong and sinful deeds, establish prayer, pay zakat, and obey Allah and His Messenger.” (Surah al-Tawbah: 71)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ كَانُوا لَا يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَنْ مُنكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ

“Those among the Children of Israel who adopted disbelief were cursed through the tongues of David and Jesus son of Mary. That was because they rebelled and began to transgress greatly. They did not restrain one another from the sinful deeds they committed. Evil indeed was the conduct they adopted.” (Surah al-Ma’idah: 78–79)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَقُلِ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُؤْمِنُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَكْفُرُ .

“Say: The truth has come from your Lord. So whoever wishes, let him believe, and whoever wishes, let him reject the truth.” (Surah al-Kahf: 29)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَاصْدَعْ بِمَا تُؤْمَرُ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ .

“Therefore, O Prophet, proclaim loudly and openly what you have been commanded, and do not care at all about the polytheists.” (Surah al-Hijr: 94)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : انْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَأَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذَابِ بَئِيسٍ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ .

“We saved those who used to refrain from evil deeds, and We seized those who were unjust with a severe punishment because of their corrupt deeds.” (Surah al-A’raf: 165)

There are many verses in the Noble Qur’an consistent with the subject matter of this section.

وأما الأحاديث : ١٨٤ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ رَأَى مِنْكُمْ مُنْكَرًا فَلْيُغَيِّرُهُ بِيَدِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِلِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِقَلْبِهِ وَذَلِكَ أَضْعَفُ

الْإِيْمَانِ – رواه مسلم .

184. Abu Sa’id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: When any of you sees an evil deed, let him prevent it with his hand (by exercising power). If he does not have this ability, then let him prevent it with his tongue (by forming public opinion). If he does not even have this ability, then let him try to prevent it with his heart (through a considered approach, or by hating it). That is the weakest (lowest) level of faith.

١٨٥ – عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا مِنْ نَبِي بَعَثَهُ اللهُ فِي أُمَّةٍ قَبْلِي إِلا كَانَ لَهُ مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ حَوَارِبُونَ وَأَصْحَابٌ يَأْخُذُونَ بِسُنَّتِهِ وَيَقْتَدُونَ بِأَمْرِهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّهَا تَخْلُفُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خُلُوْفٌ

يَقُولُونَ مَا لَا يَفْعَلُونَ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا لَا يُؤْمَرُونَ فَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِقَلْبِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَيْسَ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْإِيْمَانِ حَبَّةُ خردل رواه مسلم.

185. Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Before me, every prophet sent by Allah to a nation had a group of helpers and companions among his people. They held fast to his Sunnah and followed his commands. Then after them there arose successors who said what they did not do themselves and did what they had not been commanded to do. Therefore, whoever strives against such people with his hand (by exercising force) is a believer. Whoever strives against them with his heart is also a believer. Whoever strives against them with his tongue (by explaining the matter to people) is also a believer. After that, there is not even the weight of a mustard seed of faith.

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

١٨٦ – عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَالْمَنْشَطِ وَالْمَكْرَه وَعَلَى آثَرَةٍ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى أَنْ لَا تُنَازِعَ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَرَوْا

كُفْرًا بَوَاحًا عِنْدَكُمْ مِّنَ اللَّهِ فِيْهِ بُرْهَانٌ وَعَلَى أَنْ نَقُولَ بِالْحَقِّ أَيْنَمَا كُنَّا لَا تَخَافُ فِي اللَّهِ لومة لائم – متفق عليه المَنْشَطُ والمَكْرَهُ بِفَتْحِ مِيْمَيْهِمَا أَيْ فِي السَّهْلِ والصعبِ وَالْآثَرَةُ الْاخْتِصَاصُ بِالْمُشْتَرِكِ وَقَدْ سَبَقَ بَيَانُهَا

بَوَاحًا بِفَتْحِ الْبَاءِ الْمُوَحَدَةِ وَبَعْدَهَا وَأَوْ ثُمَّ أَلِفُ ثُمَّ حَاءُ مُهْمَلَةٌ أَوْ ظَاهِراً لا يَحْتَمِلُ تَاوِيلاً .

186. Abu al-Walid Ubadah ibn al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to listen attentively and obey in prosperity and hardship, in ease and difficulty, under all circumstances, ordinary and extraordinary, and to give preference to others over ourselves. We also pledged that we would not dispute authority with a qualified and suitable ruler. (The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:) Yes, if you clearly see him engaged in an act opposed to Islam concerning which you have proof from Allah, then you may dispute with him. We also pledged that wherever we were, we would speak the truth at all times and would not fear the blame or reproach of any critic regarding Allah (living according to His commands).

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

Word meanings:الْمَنْشَطُ وَالْمُكْرَهُeasy and difficult; effortless and requiring exertion.الأثَرَةُclear; giving something exclusively to another partner. Something requiring no explanation to make it understood.

۱۸۷ – عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَثَلُ الْقَائِمِ فِي حُدُودِ اللهِ وَالْوَاقِعِ فِيْهَا كَمَثَلِ قَوْمٍ اسْتَهَمُوا عَلَى سَفِينَةٍ فَصَارَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَعْلَاهَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ أَسْفَلَهَا وَكَانَ الَّذِينَ فِي

أَسْفَلِهَا إِذَا اسْتَقَوْا مِنَ الْمَاءِ مَرُّوا عَلَى مَنْ فَوْقَهُمْ فَقَالُوا لَوْ أَنَّا خَرَقْنَا فِي نَصِيبِنَا خَرُقًا وَلَمْ نُوذِ مَنْ فَوْقَنَا فَإِنْ تَرْكُوهُمْ وَمَا أَرَادُوا هَلَكُوا جَمِيعًا وَإِنْ أَخَذُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ نَجَوْا وَنَجَوْا جَمِيعًا – رواه البخاري الْقَائِمُ فِي حُدُودِ اللَّهِ

مَعْنَاهُ الْمُنْكِرُ لَهَا الْقَائِمُ فِي دَفْعِهَا وَإِزَالَتِهَا وَالْمُرَادُ بِالْحُدُودِ مَا نَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ اسْتَهَمُوا اقْتَرَعُوا

187. Nu’man ibn Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The example of one who remains within Allah’s prescribed limits and one who transgresses them is that of a group of people who boarded a ship by drawing lots. Some of them occupied the lower deck and some the upper deck. When those on the lower deck needed water, they had to pass by those above them to fetch it. They said to one another, “If we make a hole in our section, we would avoid troubling those on the upper deck.” Now, if those above allowed them to do this, everyone would perish. But if they restrained them, they themselves would be saved and all would be saved.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated the hadith.

۱۸۸ – عَنْ أَمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ هِنْدِ بِنْتِ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ حُذَيْفَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَنِ النبي صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يُسْتَعْمَلُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمْرَاءُ فَتَعْرِفُونَ وَتُنْكِرُونَ فَمَنْ كَرِهَ فَقَدْ بَرِئَ وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ فَقَدْ سَلِمَ وَلَكِنْ مِنْ رَضِيَ

تَابَعَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِلا تُقَاتِلُهُمْ قَالَ لا مَا أَقَامُوا فِيكُمُ الصَّلاةَ – رواه مسلم مَعْنَاهُ مَنْ كَرِهَ بِقَلْبِهِ وَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ إِنْكَارًا بِيَدٍ وَلَا لِسَانٍ فَقَدْ بَرِي مِنَ الْإِثْمِ وَأَدَّى وَظِيفَتَهُ وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ بِحَسَبِ طَاقَتِهِ فَقَدْ سَلِمَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْمَعْصِيَةِ

وَمَنْ رَضِيَ بفِعْلِهِمْ وَتَابَعَهُمْ فَهُوَ الْعَاصِي .

188. Umm al-Mu’minin Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Some rulers will be appointed over you. You will recognize some of their actions (because they accord with Islamic law), while you will regard some as objectionable (because they conflict with Islamic law). Whoever considers them evil will be free of sin, and whoever protests against them will be safe (from accountability). But whoever approves of such actions and cooperates with them has disobeyed. The Companions asked, “O Messenger of Allah, should we not take up arms against such tyrannical rulers?” He said: “No, as long as they establish prayer among you.”

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

۱۸۹ – عَنْ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أُمِّ الْحَكَمِ زَيْنَبَ بِئْتِ جَحْشِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَزِعًا يَقُولُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَيْلُ لِلْعَرَبِ مِنْ شَرِّ قَدِ اقْتَرَبَ فُتِحَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ رَدْمِ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مِثْلُ هَذِهِ وَخَلَقَ

بِأَصْبُعَيْهِ الْإِبْهَامِ وَالَّتِي تَلِيْهَا فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتَهْلِكُ وَفِيْنَا الصَّالِحُونَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمُ إِذَا كَثُرَ الْخَبَثُ متفق عليه .

189. Umm al-Mu’minin Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her) reported. One day the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to her in fear and distress, saying: “There is no deity but Allah! Woe to the Arabs because of an evil that has drawn near. Today an opening this wide has been made in the barrier of Gog and Magog.” He demonstrated it by forming a circle with his thumb and index finger. I asked, “O Messenger of Allah, will we be destroyed even though there are righteous and God-fearing people among us?” He said: “Yes, when evil and corruption become widespread.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

١٩٠ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِيَّاكُمُ وَالْجُلُوسَ فِي الطَّرْقَاتِ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا لَنَا مِنْ مَجَالِسِنَا بُدَّ نَتَحَدِّثُ فِيهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا أَبَيْتُمْ إِلَّا الْمَجْلِسَ

فَأَعْطُوا الطَّرِيقَ حَقَّهُ قَالُوا وَمَا حَقُّ الطَّرِيقِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ غَضُ الْبَصَرِ وَكَفَّ الْأَذَى وَرَدُّ السَّلَامِ وَالْأَمْرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ – متفق عليه .

190. Abu Sa’id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Avoid sitting in the roads. The Companions said, “O Messenger of Allah, we have no alternative to sitting there. We sit there to converse about matters of mutual concern.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Since you insist on sitting there, then give the road its due.” They asked, “O Messenger of Allah, what is the road’s due?” He said: “The road’s due is lowering the gaze, removing harmful objects from the road, returning greetings, enjoining righteous deeds, and forbidding wrong deeds.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

۱۹۱ – عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى خَاتَمًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فِي يَدِ رَجُلٍ فَنَزَعَهُ فَطَرَحَهُ وَقَالَ يَعْمِدُ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى جَمْرَةٍ مِنْ نَارٍ فَيَجْعَلُهَا فِي يَدِهِ فَقِيلَ لِلرَّجُلِ بَعْدَ مَا ذَهَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ

صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خُذْ خَاتَمَكَ انْتَفِعُ بِهِ قَالَ لا وَاللَّهِ لَا أَخُذُهُ أَبَدًا وَقَدْ طَرَحَهُ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – رواه مسلم .

191. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) saw a gold ring on a man’s hand. He removed it from his hand, threw it away, and said: “Would one of you like to place a burning ember in his own hand?” After the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had left, the man was told, “Pick up the ring and make use of it.” He said, “By Allah, I will never take what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has thrown away.”

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

١٩٢ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصَرِي أَنْ عَائِدَ بْنَ عَمْرُو رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ فَقَالَ أَيْ بُنَى إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنْ شَرِّ الرِّعَاءِ الْحُطَمَةُ فَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ

لَهُ اجْلِسُ فَإِنَّمَا أنتَ مِنْ نُخَالَةِ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ وَهَلْ كَانَتْ لَهُمُ نُخَالَةً إِنَّمَا كَانَتِ النُّخَالَةُ بَعْدَهُمْ وَفِي غَيْرِهِمْ – رواه مسلم .

192. Abu Sa’id al-Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) reported. A’id ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) once went to Ubaydullah ibn Ziyad. He (A’id) said, “O my son, I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: The worst shepherd (administrator) is one who does not exercise gentleness and forbearance in managing those under his care. Beware lest you become one of them.” He said to him, “Be quiet. You are merely among the worthless ones of the Companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).” He (A’id) said, “Were there such worthless people among them (the Companions)? The low and worthless people were among those who came after them and among others besides them.”

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

١٩٣ – عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَتَأْمُرُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلَتَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ أَوْ لَيُوْشِكَنَّ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عِقَابًا مِنْهُ ثُمَّ تَدْعُونَهُ فَلا يُسْتَجَابُ لَكُمْ – رواه الترمذى

وَقَالَ حَدِيثُ حَسَنُ.

193. It was narrated from Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: By Him in Whose hand is my life! You must certainly enjoin truth and justice and forbid wrongdoing and falsehood. Otherwise, Allah will soon punish you. (After being afflicted by punishment,) you will supplicate, but your calls will not be answered (your supplications will not be accepted).

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said that it is a hasan hadith.

١٩٤ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَفْضَلُ الْجِهَادِ كَلِمَةُ عَدْلٍ عِنْدَ سُلْطَانٍ جَائر – رواه ابو داود والترمذي وقال حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

194. It was narrated from Abu Sa’id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Speaking a just word before a tyrannical ruler is the best jihad.

Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith. Imam al-Tirmidhi classified it as a hasan hadith.

١٩٥ – عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ الْبَجَلِي الْأَحْمَسِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ وَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ فِي الْغَرْزِ أَيُّ الْجِهَادِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ كَلِمَةٌ حَقِّ عِنْدَ سُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ – رواه النِّسَائِيُّ

بِإِسْنَادِ صَحِيحِ الْغَرْزُ بِغَيْنِ مُعْجَمَةٍ مَفْتُوحَةٍ ثُمَّ رَاءٍ سَاكِنَةٍ ثُمَّ رَأَى وَهُوَ رِكَابَ كَيْرِ الْجَمَلِ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ جلد أَوْ خَشَبٍ وَقِيلَ لَا يَخْتَصُّ بِجِلْدٌ وَخَشَبٍ .

195. It was narrated from Abu ‘Abdullah Tariq ibn Shihab (may Allah be pleased with him). A man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when he had just placed his foot in the stirrup: Which jihad is the best? He said: Speaking the truth before a tyrannical ruler (is the best jihad).

١٩٦ – عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ أَوَّلَ مَا دَخَلَ النَّقْصُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَلْقَى الرَّجُلَ فَيَقُولُ يَا هَذَا اتَّقِ اللهَ وَدَعْ مَا تَصْنَعُ فَإِنَّهُ لا يَحِلُّ لَكَ ثُمَّ يَلْقَاهُ مِنَ

الْغَدِ وَهُوَ عَلَى حَالِهِ فَلَا يَمْنَعُهُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَكِيلَهُ وَشَرِيبَهُ وَقَعِيدَهُ فَلَمَّا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ضَرَبَ اللهُ قُلُوبَ بَعْضِهِمْ بِبَعْضٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوا وَكَانُوا

يَعْتَدُونَ . كَانُوا لَا يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ . تَرَى كَثِيرًا مِنْهُمْ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَبِئْسَ مَا قَدَّمَتْ لَهُمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ (فَاسِقُونَ) ثُمَّ قَالَ كَلا وَاللَّهِ لَتَأْمُرُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلتَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَلَتَأْخُذَنَّ

عَلَى يَدِ الظَّالِمِ وَلتَأْطِرْتُهُ عَلَى الْحَقِّ أَطْرًا وَلَتَقْصُرْتُهُ عَلَى الْحَقِّ قَصْرًا أَوْ لَيَضْرِبَنَّ اللَّهُ بِقُلُوبِ بَعْضِكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ ثُمَّ لَيَلْعَنَنَّكُمْ كَمَا لَعَنَهُمْ – رواه ابو داود والترمذي وقال حَديثُ حَسَنٌ هذا لفظ أَبِي دَاوُدَ وَلَفظُ التَّرْمِذِي قَالَ

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا وَقَعَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي الْمَعَاصِي نَهَتُهُمْ عُلَمَاؤُهُمْ فَلَمْ يَنْتَهُوا فَجَالَسُوهُمْ فِي مَجَالِسِهِمْ وَوَاكَلُوهُمْ وَشَارَبُوهُمْ فَضَرَبَ اللهُ قُلُوبَ بَعْضِهِمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَلَعَنَهُمْ عَلَى لسَان دَاوُدَ وَعِيسَى

بْنِ مَرْيَمَ ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ فَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَانَ مُتَكَنَّا فَقَالَ لَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ حَتَّى تَأْطِرُوهُمْ عَلَى الْحَقِّ أَطْرًا – قَوْلُهُ تَأْطِرُوهُمْ أَى تَعْطِفُوهُمْ وَلَتَقْصُرُنَّهُ أَى لَتَحْبِسُنَّهُ .

196. It was narrated from Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Corruption and wrongdoing first entered among the Children of Israel in this way: One scholar would meet another and say to him, “O so-and-so! Fear Allah and abandon what you are doing, for it is not lawful for you.” The next day he would meet him while he was still in the same condition, but that would not prevent him from eating and drinking with him and sitting with him. When they reached this state, Allah darkened the heart of one of them through the (corruption) in the heart of the other. Then he recited this verse: “Those among the Children of Israel who disbelieved were cursed by the tongue of David and Jesus, son of Mary. That was because they disobeyed and transgressed. They did not forbid one another from the wrongdoing they committed. Evil indeed was what they used to do. You see many of them taking those who disbelieved as allies. Evil indeed is what their souls have sent ahead for them: Allah is displeased with them, and they will remain in punishment. Had they truly believed in Allah, the Messenger, and what was revealed to him, they would never have taken the disbelievers as allies, but most of them are defiantly disobedient” (Surah al-Ma’idah 78–81). Then he (the Prophet) said: Never! By Allah! You must certainly enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, seize the wrongdoer’s hand firmly, and pull him onto the truth and establish him upon it. Otherwise, Allah will cause the hearts of some of you to be mixed with those of others (and darken them), and then He will curse you as He cursed them. Imam Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith. Al-Tirmidhi said that it is a hasan hadith. The wording of the hadith is Abu Dawud’s. The meaning of al-Tirmidhi’s version is as follows: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When the Children of Israel became involved in sins, their scholars told them to refrain from them, but they did not refrain. At one stage, the scholars also continued to sit, eat, and drink with them. Then Allah caused their hearts to be mixed with one another (so the scholars also became involved in sin). Allah cursed them through the tongues of David and Jesus, son of Mary, because they had disobeyed and begun to transgress greatly. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sat upright from his reclining position and said: Never! By Him in Whose hand is my life! You must not leave them until you seize them by the hand and pull them onto the truth.

۱۹۷ – عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَقْرَؤُوْنَ هذِهِ الْآيَةَ (يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ لَا يَضُرُكُمْ مَنْ ضَلَّ إِذَا اهْتَدَيْتُمْ ….. وَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ

إذا رَأَوُا الظَّالِمَ فَلَمْ يَأْخُذُوا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ أَوْشَكَ أَنْ يُعْمُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِعِقَابِ مِنْهُ – رَوَاهُ ابو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ بِأَسَانِيدِ صَحِيحَة .

197. It was narrated from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: O people! You recite this verse: “O believers! Take care of your own souls. Those who go astray cannot harm you if you are rightly guided. To Allah is the return of you all, then He will inform you of what you used to do” (Surah al-Ma’idah 105). Yet I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: When people see a wrongdoer committing wrongdoing but do not restrain him, Allah will soon send punishment upon such people.

Imam Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, and al-Nasa’i narrated this hadith with sound chains of transmission.

Section 24 — The punishment of one who enjoins righteous deeds and forbids evil deeds but does not act according to his words

The punishment of one who enjoins righteous deeds and forbids evil deeds but does not act according to his words.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : أَتَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبِرِّ وَتَنْسَوْنَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَتْلُوْنَ الْكِتَابَ أَفَلا تَعْقِلُونَ

Allah, the Exalted, says:

“Do you enjoin people to righteousness while forgetting yourselves, even though you study the Scripture? Will you not then understand?” (Surah al-Baqarah 44)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ . كَبُرَ مَقْتًا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ تَقُولُوا مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ

“O believers! Why do you say what you do not do? It is most detestable to Allah that you say what you do not do.” (Surah al-Saff 2–3)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى إِخْبَارًا عَنْ شُعَيْبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامِ وَمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُخَالِفَكُمْ إِلَى مَا أَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ ..

Allah, the Exalted, says concerning Shu’ayb (peace be upon him): “I certainly do not intend to do what I forbid you from doing. I only intend to reform to the best of my ability.” (Surah Hud 88)

۱۹۸ – عَنْ أَبِي زَيْدٍ أَسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ يُؤْتَى بِالرَّجُلِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيُلْقَى فِي النَّارِ فَتَنْدَلِقُ اقْتَابُ بَطْنِهِ فَيَدُورُ بِهَا كَمَا يَدُورُ الْحِمَارُ فِي الرِّحَا

فَيَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ أهْلُ النَّارِ فَيَقُولُونَ يَا فُلانُ مَا لَكَ؟ أَلَمْ تَكُ تَأْمُرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ ؟ فَيَقُولُ بَلَى كُنْتُ أَمُرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلَا أُتِيْهِ وَأَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَأَتِيهِ متفق عليه قَوْلُهُ تَنْدَلِقُ هُوَ بالدال الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَمَعْنَاهُ تَخْرُجُ وَالْأَقْتَابُ

الْأَمْعَاءُ واحدها قتب .

198. It was narrated from Usamah ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: On the Day of Resurrection, a man will be brought and cast into Hell. His intestines will spill out, and he will circle around with them just as a donkey circles around a millstone. The people of Hell will gather around him and ask, “O so-and-so! What is the matter with you? Did you not command righteous deeds and forbid evil deeds?” He will say, “Yes, I used to command righteous deeds, but I did not do them myself. I used to forbid others from evil deeds, but I myself would do them.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Section 25 — The command to fulfill trusts

The command to fulfill trusts.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوا الْأَمَانَاتِ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا .

Allah, the Exalted, says:

“Indeed, Allah commands you to deliver trusts to their rightful owners.” (Surah al-Nisa 58)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الْأَمَانَةَ عَلَى السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَالْجِبَالِ فَأَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَحْمِلْنَهَا وَأَشْفَقْنَ مِنْهَا وَحَمَلَهَا الْإِنْسَانُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ ظَلُومًا جَهُولا .

“Indeed, We offered the Trust to the heavens, the earth, and the mountains, but they declined to bear it and feared it. Yet humanity assumed it. Surely, humanity is highly unjust and ignorant.” (Surah al-Ahzab 72)

۱۹۹ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَيَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ثلاث إِذا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ وَإِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ وَإِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَانَ متفق عليه وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى وَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مُسْلِمٌ .

199. It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The signs of a hypocrite are three: when he speaks, he lies; when he makes a promise, he breaks it; and when he is entrusted with something, he betrays the trust.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration adds: Even if he fasts, prays, and claims to be a Muslim, he is still a hypocrite.

٢٠٠ – عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثَيْنِ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا وَأَنَا انْتَظِرُ الْآخَرَ حَدَّثَنَا أَنَّ الْأَمَانَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي جَذْرِ قُلُوبِ الرِّجَالِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ فَعَلِمُوا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَعَلِمُوا

مِنَ السُّنَّةِ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ رَفْعِ الْأَمَانَةِ فَقَالَ يَنَامُ الرَّجُلُ النَّوْمَةَ فَتُقْبَضُ الْأَمَانَةُ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ فَيَظُلُّ أثرها مثل الوكت ثُمَّ يَنَامُ القَوْمَةَ فَتُقْبَضُ الْأَمَانَةُ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ فَيَظُلُّ أَثَرُهَا مِثْلَ أَثَرِ الْمَجْلِ كَجَمْرٍ دَخَرَجْتَهُ عَلَى رِجْلِكَ فَنَفِطَ فَتَرَاهُ

مُنْتَبِرًا وَلَيْسَ فِيْهِ شَيْ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ حَصَاةً فَدَخَرَجَهُ عَلَى رِجْلِهِ فَيُصْبِحُ النَّاسُ يَتَبَايَعُوْنَ فَلَا يَكَادُ أَحَدٌ يُؤَدِّي الْأَمَانَةَ حَتَّى يُقَالَ إِنَّ فِي بَنِي فَلَانٍ رَجُلًا آمِينًا حَتَّى يُقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ مَا أَجْلَدَهُ مَا أَظْرَفَهُ مَا أَعْقَلَهُ وَمَا فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ

حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ مِنْ إِيْمَانٍ وَلَقَدْ أَتَى عَلَى زَمَانٌ وَمَا أَبَالِي أَيُّكُمْ بَايَعْتُ لَئِنْ كَانَ مُسْلِمًا لَيَرُدُّنَّهُ عَلَى دِينُهُ وَلَئِنْ كَانَ نَصْرَانِيًّا أَوْ يَهُودِيَّا لَيَرُدُّتُّهُ عَلَى سَاعِيْهِ وَأَمَّا الْيَوْمَ فَمَا كُنْتُ أَبَايِعُ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا فَلَانًا وَفُلَانًا -متفق عليه قَوْلُهُ

جَذْرٌ بِفَتْحِ الْجِيمِ وَإِشْكَانِ النَّالِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَهُوَ أَصْلُ الشَّيْ والوكتُ بِالتَّاءِ الْمُثَنَّاةِ مِنْ فَوْقَ الْأَثَرُ الْيَسِيرُ وَالْمَجْلُ بِفَتْحِ الْمِيمِ وَإِشْكَانِ الْجِيمِ وَهُوَ تَنَفَّطُ فِي الْيَدِ وَنَحْوِهَا مِنْ أَثَرِ عَمَلٍ وَغَيْرِهِ قَوْلُهُ مُنْتَبِرًا مُرْتَفِعًا قَوْلُهُ ساعيه

الوالي عليه.

200. It was narrated from Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) told us two reports. I have already witnessed one of them, and I am waiting for the other. He told us: First, trustworthiness was placed in the innermost roots of people’s hearts. Then the Qur’an was revealed, and they learned from the Qur’an and learned from the Sunnah. Then he spoke to us about trustworthiness being taken away. He said: A man will sleep for a while, and trustworthiness will be taken from his heart, leaving only a faint trace of it. Then he will sleep again, and the remaining trace of trustworthiness will be taken from his heart. Then a mark like a blister will remain in the heart, like when you place a spark of fire on your foot and it burns the skin, causing a blister. The surface will appear swollen, but there will be nothing inside. (The narrator said:) Then he picked up a pebble and struck it against his foot. (The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said:) In such a state, people will wake in the morning and engage in buying and selling. Hardly anyone will be found who fulfills a trust, to the point that it will be said, “There is a trustworthy man among such-and-such a tribe.” A man will even be described as alert, clever, healthy, handsome, and intelligent, while there will not be faith in his heart even equal to the weight of a mustard seed. (The narrator Hudhayfah, may Allah be pleased with him, said:) I have reached an age in which I do not care with whom among you I conduct a transaction. If he is a Muslim, his religion and faith will compel him to repay what he owes me. If he is a Christian or a Jew, his guardian will ensure that he repays what he owes me. Today, however, I will conduct transactions with none of you except so-and-so and so-and-so.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Glossary:جذرThe root and foundation of something.لرکتA general mark.المجلThe marks that appear on the hands, feet, and similar places as a result of work.منتبرElevated, prominent.ساعیA person in charge and a supervisor.

٢٠١ – عَنْ حُذَيْفَةً وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَا قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَجْمَعُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى النَّاسَ فَيَقُومُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى تُزْلَفَ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةُ فَيَأْتُونَ أَدَمَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ فَيَقُولُونَ يَا أَبَانَا اسْتَفْتِحُ لَنَا

الْجَنَّةَ فَيَقُولُ وَهَلْ أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ إِلا خَطِيئَةُ أَبِيكُمْ لَسْتُ بِصَاحِبِ ذَلِكَ اذْهَبُوا إِلَى ابْنِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَيَأْتُونَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَيَقُولُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لَسْتُ بِصَاحِبِ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا كُنْتُ خَلِيْلًا مِنْ وَرَاءَ وَرَاءَ اعْمَدُوا إِلَى مُوسَى

الَّذِي كَلَّمَهُ اللَّهِ تَكْلِيمًا فَيَأْتُونَ مُوسَى فَيَقُولُ لَسْتُ بِصَاحِب ذَلِكَ اذْهَبُوا إِلى عِيسَى كَلِمَةِ اللَّهِ وَرُوحِهِ فَيَقُولُ عيسى لشت بِصَاحِبِ ذَلِكَ فَيَأْتُونَ مُحَمَّداً صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَيَقُوْمُ فَيُؤْذَنُ لَهُ وَتَرْسَلُ الْأَمَانَةُ وَالرَّحِمُ

فَتَقُوْمَانِ جَنَّبَتَي الصِّرَاطِ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالاً فَيَمُرُّ أَوَلَكُمْ كَالْبَرْقِ قُلْتُ بِأَبِي وَأَمِّي أَيُّ شَيْءٍ كَمَرِ الْبَرْقِ ؟ قَالَ أَلَمْ تَرَوْا كَيْفَ يَمُرُّ وَيَرْجِعُ فِي طَرْفَةِ عَيْنٍ ثُمَّ كَمَرَ الرِّيحِ ثُمَّ كَمَرِ الطَّيْرِ وَشَدِ الرِّجَالِ تَجْرِي بِهِمْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ وَنَبِيُّكُمْ قَائِمٌ

عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ يَقُولُ رَبِّ سَلِّمُ سَلِّمْ حَتَّى تَعْجِزَ أَعْمَالُ الْعِبَادِ حَتَّى يجى الرَّجُلُ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ السَّيْرَ إِلا زَحْفًا وَفِي حَافَتَي الصِّرَاطِ كَلَالِيْبُ مُعَلَّقَةٌ مَأْمُورَةٌ بِأَخْذِ مَنْ أُمِرَتْ بِهِ فَمَخْدُوسٌ نَاجِ وَمُكَرْدَسَ فِي النَّارِ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ أَبِي

هُرَيْرَةَ بِيَدِهِ إِنْ قَعْرَ جَهَنَّمَ لَسَبْعُونَ خَرِيفًا – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ قَوْلُهُ وَرَاءَ وَرَاءَ هُوَ بِالْفَتْحِ فِيهِمَا وَقِيلَ بِالضَّمِّ بِلا تَنْوِينِ وَمَعْنَاهُ لَسْتُ بِتِلْكَ الدَّرَجَةِ الرَّفِيعَةِ وَهِيَ كَلِمَةٌ تُذْكَرُ عَلَى سَبِيلِ التَّواضُعِ وَقَدْ بَسَطْتُ مَعْنَاهَا فِي شَرْحِ

صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .

201. It was narrated from Hudhayfah and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them). They both said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah, Blessed and Exalted, will gather all people. Then the believers will stand, and Paradise will be brought near to them. They will go to Adam (peace be upon him) and say, “O our father, open the gate of Paradise for us.” He will say, “Your father’s sin is what expelled you from Paradise. I am not the one suited to open it. Go to my son Ibrahim, the intimate friend of Allah.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then they will come to Ibrahim (peace be upon him), and Ibrahim will say, “I am not suited for that. I was only an intimate friend in humility (I am not worthy of this great honor). Go instead to Musa (peace be upon him), to whom Allah spoke.” They will all hurry to Musa (peace be upon him), and he will say, “I am not suited for that. Go to Isa (peace be upon him), the Word of Allah and His Spirit.” Isa (peace be upon him) will say, “I do not possess the qualification to open the gate of Paradise.” Finally, they will hurry to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). He will stand, and permission will be granted to him (to intercede). Trust and kinship will then be released. They will stand on either side of the Sirat, to its right and left. The first of you will cross the Sirat like lightning. I said, “May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah. What does crossing like lightning mean?” He said, “Have you not seen how lightning passes and returns in the blink of an eye?” Then they will cross at the speed of wind, then at the speed of birds, and then at the speed of swift runners, in successive degrees. This difference will be according to their deeds. At that time, your Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) will stand upon the Sirat and keep saying, “O Lord, grant safety! Grant safety!” Thus, when the deeds of the servants are insufficient, they will become unable to advance, and they will proceed dragging themselves along on their backsides. On both sides of the Sirat will hang hooks of iron. They will seize anyone whom they are commanded to seize. Whoever suffers only a scratch will be saved, while all the others will be cast into Hell. The narrator, Abu Hurayrah, said: By Him in Whose hand is the life of Abu Hurayrah, the depth of Hell is equal to a distance of seventy years.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Glossary:وراء وراءThe expression means, “I am not worthy of a high rank.” It is used to express humility, modesty, and courtesy.

۲۰۲ – عَنْ أَبِي خُبَيْبٍ بِضَمَ الْخَاءِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ لَمَّا وَقَفَ الزُّبَيْرُ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ دَعَانِي فَقُمْتُ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَى إِنَّهُ لا يُقْتَلُ الْيَوْمَ الأَظَالِم أَوْ مَظْلُومٌ وَإِنِّي لَا أَرَانِي إِلَّا سَأَقْتَلُ الْيَوْمَ

مَظْلُومًا وَإِنَّ مِنْ أَكْبَرِ هَمِّي لَدَيْنِي أَفَتَرَى دَيْنَنَا يُبْقَى مِنْ مَالِنَا شَيْئًا ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا بُنَى بِعْ مَالَنَا وَاقْضِ دَيْنِي وَأَوْصَى بِالثُّلْثِ وَتُلْتُهُ لِبَنِيْهِ يَعْنِي لِبَنِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ثلث الثلث قَالَ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ مِنْ مَالِنَا بَعْدَ قَضَاءِ الدِّينِ

شَيْ فَثُلُثُهُ لَبَنِيْكَ قَالَ هِشَامُ وَكَانَ بَعْضُ وَلَدِ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَدْ وَارَى بَعْضَ بَنِي الزُّبَيْرِ خُبَيْبٍ وَعَبَّادِ وَلَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ تِسْعَةُ بَنِينَ وَتِسْعُ بَنَاتٍ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَجَعَلَ يُوصِينِي بِدَيْنِهِ وَيَقُولُ يَا بُنَى إِنْ عَجَرْتَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ فَاسْتَعِنْ عَلَيْهِ

بِمَوْلايَ قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا دَرَيْتُ مَا أَرَادَ حَتَّى قُلْتُ يَا آبَت مَنْ مَوْلاكَ ؟ قَالَ اللهُ قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا وَقَعْتُ فِي كُرْبَةٍ مِنْ دَيْنِهِ إِلا قُلْتُ يَا مَوْلَى الزُّبَيْرِ اقْضِ عَنْهُ دَيْنَهُ فَيَقْضِيَهُ قَالَ فَقُتِلَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَلَمْ يَدَعُ ديناراً ولا دِرْهَمًا إِلَّا أَرَضِينَ مِنْهَا

الْغَابَةُ وَإِحْدَى عَشَرَةَ دَارًا بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَدَارَيْنِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ وَدَاراً بِالْكُوفَةِ وَدَاراً بِمِصْرَ قَالَ وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ دَيْنُهُ الَّذِي كَانَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ يَأْتِيْهِ بِالْمَالِ فَيَسْتَوْدِعُهُ إِيَّاهُ فَيَقُولُ الزُّبَيْرُ لَا وَلَكِنْ هُوَ سَلَفَ إِنِّي أَخْشَى عَلَيْهِ الضَّيْعَةَ وَمَا

وَلِى إِمَارَةً قَط وَلَا حِبَايَةً وَلَا خَرَاجًا وَلَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنْ يكُونَ فِي غَزُو مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى ا اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَحَسَبْتُ مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الدِّيْنِ فَوَجَدتُهُ

الْقَى الْفِ وَمِائَتَيْ أَلْفِ فَلَقِيَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ أخِي كَمْ عَلَى أَخِي مِنَ الدِّينِ ؟ فَكَتَمْتُهُ وَقُلْتُ مِائَةُ أَلْفِ فَقَالَ حَكِيمُ وَاللَّهِ مَا أرى أموالَكُمْ تَسِعُ هَذِهِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَكَ إِنْ كَانَتْ الْقَى الْفِ ۚ

وَمِائَتَيْ الف؟ قَالَ مَا أَرَاكُمْ تُطِيقُونَ هَذَا فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ فَاسْتَعِينُوا بِي قَالَ وكَانَ الزُّبَيْرُ قَدِ اشْتَرَى الْغَابَةَ بِسَبْعِينَ وَمِائَةَ أَلْفِ فَبَاعَهَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بِالْفِ أَلْفِ وست مائة ألف ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى الزُّبَيْرِ

شَيْ فَلْيُوافِنَا بِالْغَابَةِ فَآتَاهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ابْنُ جَعْفَرٍ وَكَانَ لَهُ عَلَى الزُّبَيْرِ أَرْبَعُ مِائَةِ أَلْفِ فَقَالَ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ تَرَكْتُهَا لَكُمْ ؟ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لا قَالَ فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ جَعَلْتُمُوهَا فِيْمَا تُؤَخِّرُونَ إِنْ أَخَّرْتُمْ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لا قَالَ فَاقْطَعُوا لِي

قِطْعَةٌ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَكَ مِنْ هُهُنَا إِلَى هُهُنَا فَبَاعَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ مِنْهَا فَقَضَى عَنْهُ دَيْنَهُ وَأَوْفَاهُ وَبَقِيَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَنِصْفٌ فَقَدِمَ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةً وَعِنْدَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ وَالْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ وَابْنُ زَمْعَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ كَمْ قُومَتِ

الْغَابَةُ؟ قَالَ كُلُّ سَهُم بِمَائَةِ أَلْفِ قَالَ كَمْ بَقِيَ مِنْهَا ؟ قَالَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَسْهُم وَنِصْفُ فَقَالَ الْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ قَدْ أَخَذْتُ مِنْهَا سَهُمَا بِمَائَةِ أَلْفِ وَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ قَدْ أَخَذْتُ سَهُما بِمَائَةِ أَلْفِ وَقَالَ ابْنُ زَمْعَةَ قَدْ أَخَذْتُ سَهُما

بِمَائَةِ أَلْفِ فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةٌ كَمْ بَقِيَ مِنْهَا ؟ قَالَ سَهُمْ وَنِصْفٌ قَالَ قَدْ أَخَذْتُهُ بِخَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةِ أَلْفِ قَالَ وَبَاعَ عَبْدُ اللهُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ نَصِيبَهُ مِنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بِسِتِ مِائَةِ أَلْفِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ مِنْ قَضَاءِ دَيْنِهِ قَالَ بَنُو الزُّبَيْرِ أَقْسِمْ بَيْنَنَا

مِيْرَاثَنَا قَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَا أُقْسِمُ بَيْنَكُمْ حَتَّى أَنَادِي بِالْمَوْسِمِ أَرْبَعَ سِنِينَ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى الزُّبَيْرِ دَيْنِ فَلْيَاتِنَا فَلْنَقْضِهِ فَجَعَلَ كُلِّ سَنَةٍ يُنَادِي فِي الْمَوْسِمِ فَلَمَّا مَضَى أَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ قَسَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَدَفَعَ الثلث وَكَانَ لِلزُّبَيْرِ أَرْبَعُ

نِسْوَةٍ فَأَصَابَ كُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ أَلْفُ الف وَمِائَنَا الْفِ فَجَمِيعُ مَالِهِ خَمْسُونَ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ وَمِائَنَا الْف رواه البخاري .

202. Abu Khubayb ʿAbdullah ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: On the Day of the Battle of the Camel (36 AH), when al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) prepared for battle, he called me to him. I stood beside him. He said, “My son, today one of the wrongdoers or the wronged will certainly die. I think I will die as one who has been wronged. I am deeply worried and distressed about my debts. Do you think anything will remain after my debts are paid?” Then he said, “My son, sell my property and pay off my debts.” He then bequeathed one-third of his property, and one-third of that third to his sons—that is, one-ninth of the total—to the sons of ʿAbdullah ibn al-Zubayr. He said, “If anything remains after my debts are paid, one-third of it is for your sons.” Hisham said: Some of ʿAbdullah’s sons were the same age as al-Zubayr’s sons Khubayb and ʿAbbad. At that time al-Zubayr had nine sons and nine daughters.

ʿAbdullah said: He continued reminding me of his debt, saying, “My son, if you are unable to pay any part of it, seek help from my Master to pay it.” ʿAbdullah said: By Allah, I did not understand whom he meant by “my Master,” so I asked, “Father, who is your Master?” He replied, “Allah.” ʿAbdullah said: Whenever I faced difficulty in paying his debt, I would say, “O Master of al-Zubayr, pay his debt for him,” and Allah, the Exalted, would arrange its payment. ʿAbdullah said: Al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) was killed, leaving neither dinar nor dirham, but he left some immovable property: some land at al-Ghabah, eleven houses in Madinah, two houses in Basrah, one house in Kufah, and one house in Egypt.

ʿAbdullah said: The reason for his becoming indebted was that when someone came to deposit something with him as a trust, he would say, “I do not accept deposits, but I will take it from you as a loan, because if I kept it as a trust, it might be destroyed while in my possession.” Al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) was never appointed to an administrative position, a tax-collection post, or any other office. He did not like holding office. However, he participated in jihad with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and with Abu Bakr, ʿUmar, and ʿUthman (may Allah be pleased with them). ʿAbdullah said: I calculated all his debts, and they amounted to twenty-two hundred thousand dirhams. Hakim ibn Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) met ʿAbdullah ibn al-Zubayr and asked, “Nephew, how much debt does my brother owe?” I concealed the actual amount and replied, “One hundred thousand dirhams.” Hakim said, “By Allah, you do not possess enough wealth to pay this debt.” ʿAbdullah said, “What would you say if the debt amounted to twenty-two hundred thousand?” Hakim said, “Then, in my view, you would not be able to pay it at all. If you face any difficulty in paying the debt, seek my help.” ʿAbdullah said: Al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) had bought the property at al-Ghabah for one hundred seventy thousand dirhams. ʿAbdullah sold it for sixteen hundred thousand dirhams. Then he stood and announced, “Whoever is owed anything by al-Zubayr should come to us at al-Ghabah.” After the announcement, ʿAbdullah ibn Jaʿfar (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said, “Al-Zubayr owes me four hundred thousand dirhams. If you wish, I will waive it.” ʿAbdullah replied, “No.” Ibn Jaʿfar said, “If you want time to pay it, I am prepared to grant it.” ʿAbdullah replied, “No.” He said, “Then set aside a portion of the land for me.” ʿAbdullah said, “Take this portion, from here to there.” He sold the land and paid off al-Zubayr’s debt. Four and a half portions of the land still remained. Then ʿAbdullah went to Muʿawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), who had ʿAmr ibn ʿUthman, al-Mundhir ibn al-Zubayr, and Ibn Zamʿah with him. Muʿawiyah asked him, “What price have you set for the land at al-Ghabah?” He replied, “One hundred thousand dirhams per portion.” He asked, “How many portions remain?” He replied, “Four and a half.” Al-Mundhir ibn al-Zubayr said, “I will take one portion for one hundred thousand dirhams.” ʿAmr ibn ʿUthman said, “I will take one portion for one hundred thousand dirhams.” Ibn Zamʿah said, “I will take one portion for one hundred thousand dirhams.” Muʿawiyah asked, “How much remains now?” He replied, “One and a half portions.” He said, “I will take it for one hundred fifty thousand dirhams.” The narrator said: ʿAbdullah ibn Jaʿfar resold to Muʿawiyah, for four hundred thousand dirhams, the portion he had bought against the debt owed to him. When ʿAbdullah had finished paying the debt, al-Zubayr’s other sons said to him, “Distribute our inheritance among us.” He replied, “By Allah, I will not distribute the inheritance among you until I have announced during the Hajj season for four consecutive years: ‘Whoever is owed a debt by al-Zubayr, let him come to us, and we will pay it.’” He made this announcement at the Hajj gathering for four consecutive years. When four years had passed, he distributed the estate among them and set aside one-third as the bequest. Al-Zubayr had four wives, and each wife received twelve hundred thousand dirhams. The total value of al-Zubayr’s wealth was probably fifty million two hundred thousand dirhams. Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

Chapter 26: The Prohibition of Oppression and the Command to Resist Oppression

The prohibition of oppression and the command to resist oppression.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : مَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ وَلَا شَفِيعٍ يُطَاعُ .

The Exalted Allah says:

“The wrongdoers will have no devoted friend, nor any intercessor whose intercession will be accepted.” (Surah al-Mu’min: 18)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ نَصِيرٍ .

“The wrongdoers will have no helper.” (Surah al-Hajj: 79)

وأما الْأَحَادِيثُ فَمِنْهَا حَدِيثُ أَبِي ذَرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ الْمُتَقَدِّمُ فِي آخِرِ بَابِ الْمُجَاهَدَةِ . ٢٠ – عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اتَّقُوا الظُّلْمَ فَإِنَّ الظُّلْمَ ظُلُمَاتٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَاتَّقُوا الشَّحَّ فَإِنَّ

الشَّحْ أَهْلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ حَمَلَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ سَفَكُوا دِمَا ءَهُمْ وَاتَحَلُّوْا مَحَارِمَهُمْ – رواه مسلم .

203. Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Avoid oppression, for oppression will be layers of darkness on the Day of Resurrection. Avoid the impurity of miserliness, for miserliness destroyed those before you. It drove them to shed blood, fight one another, and declare the unlawful lawful.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٠٤ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لتُؤَدُّنُ الْحَقُوق إِلَى أَهْلِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى يُقَادَ لِلشَّاةِ الْجَلْحَاءِ مِنَ الشَّاةِ القرناء – رواه مسلم.

204. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “On the Day of Resurrection, rights will certainly be restored to their owners, until retribution is taken for the hornless sheep from the horned sheep.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٠٥ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كُنَّا نَتَحَدِّثُ عَنْ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا وَلَا تَدْرِي مَا حَجَّةُ الْوَدَاعِ حَتَّى حَمِدَ اللهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْمَسِيحَ

الدَّجَّالَ فَاطْنَبَ فِي ذِكْرِهِ وَقَالَ مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مِنْ نَبِي إِلَّا أَنْذَرَهُ أَمْتَهُ أَنْدَرَهُ نُوْحُ وَالنَّبِيُّونَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَإِنَّهُ إِنْ يُخْرُجُ فِيكُمْ فَمَا خَفِى عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ شَانِهِ فَلَيْسَ يَخْفَى عَلَيْكُمْ إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ لَيْسَ بِأَعْوَرَ وَإِنَّهُ أَعْوَرُ عَيْنِ الْيُمْنَى كَأَنَّ عَيْنَهُ

عِنَبَةٌ طَافِيَةٌ أَلَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ كَحُرمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هذا الا هَلْ بَلَغْتُ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ اللهُمَّ اشْهَدُ ثَلَاثًا وَيْلَكُمْ أَوْ وَتَحَكُمْ أَنْظُرُوا لا تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ

بعض رواه البخاري وروى مسلم بعضه .

205. Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both) reported: We were discussing the Farewell Hajj while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was among us. We did not know what the Farewell Hajj was or what it meant. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) then praised and glorified Allah and spoke at length about the Antichrist. He said: “Allah did not send any prophet without warning his nation about the Antichrist. Nuh and the prophets after him warned their respective nations about him. He will appear among you, and his matter will not be hidden from you. It is not unknown to you that your Lord is not one-eyed or blind. The Antichrist’s right eye will be defective, protruding like a swollen grape. Beware! Your blood and your property are sacred and inviolable to one another, just as this day of yours and this month of yours are sacred. Beware! Have I conveyed the message?” Everyone present said, “Yes, you have conveyed it.” He then said three times, “O Allah, bear witness.” He continued: “Woe to you, or sorrow to you! Listen carefully: do not return to disbelief after me, striking one another’s necks.”

Imam al-Bukhari narrated the entire hadith, and Imam Muslim narrated some parts of it.

٢٠٦ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ ظَلَمَ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ طُوقَهُ مِنْ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ – متفق عليه .

206. ʿA’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever wrongfully takes even a handspan of land, seven earths will be hung around his neck on the Day of Resurrection.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۰۷ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُمْلِيُّ لِلظَّالِمِ فَإِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يُفْلِتْهُ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهِيَ ظَالِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ اليم شَدِيدٌ) – متفق عليه .

207. Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Indeed, Allah gives the wrongdoer respite; but when He seizes him, He does not let him escape.” Then he recited: “Such is the seizure of your Lord when He seizes the towns while they are wrongdoing. Indeed, His seizure is painful and severe.” (Surah Hud: 102)

Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۰۸ – عَنْ مُعَادٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ تَأْتِي قَوْمًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدِ افْتَرَضَ

عَلَيْهِمْ خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لِذَلِكَ فَأَعْلِمُهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدِ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ فَتُرَدُّ عَلَى فُقَرَائِهِمْ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوا لذلِكَ فَإِيَّاكَ وَكَرَائِمَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَاتَّقِ دَعْوَةَ الْمَظْلُومِ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ

بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ حجاب متفق عليه .

208. Muʿadh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me to Yemen as its governor, he said: “You are going to a people from among the People of the Book. Call them to bear witness that there is no deity except Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah. If they accept this, inform them that Allah has prescribed five prayers for them during each day and night. If they accept this, inform them that Allah has prescribed charity (zakat) for them, taken from their wealthy and distributed among their poor. If they accept this, beware of taking their finest possessions, and fear the supplication of the oppressed, for there is no barrier between it and Allah.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۰۹ – عَنْ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعْدِ السَّاعِدِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ اسْتَعْمَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْأَزْدِ يُقَالُ لَهُ ابْنُ اللَّتْبِيَّةِ عَلَى الصدقَةِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ قَالَ هذا لَكُمْ وَهَذَا أَهْدِى إِلَى فَقَامَ رَسُولُ

اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَاثْنى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي اسْتَعْمِلُ الرَّجُلَ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى الْعَمَلِ مِمَّا وَلأَنِي اللهُ فَيَأْتِي فَيَقُولُ هُذَا لَكُمْ وَهُذَا هَدِيَّةً أَهْدِيَتْ إلى أَفَلا جَلَسَ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهِ أَوْ أُمِّهِ حَتَّى

تَأْتِيَهُ هَدِيَّتُهُ إِنْ كَانَ صَادِقًا وَاللَّهَ لَا يَأْخُذُ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ شَيْئًا بِغَيْرِ حَقِهِ إِلا لَقِيَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَحْمِلُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلا أَعْرِفَنَّ أَحَدًا مِنْكُمْ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ يَحْمِلُ بَعِيرًا لَهُ رُغَاء أَوْ بَقَرَةً لَهَا خَوَارٌ أَوْ شَاةٌ تَبْعَرُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى رُؤيَ بَيَاضُ

ابْطَيْهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَلْ بَلَغْتُ ثَلَاثًا متفق عليه .

209. Abu Humayd ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Saʿd al-Saʿidi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed a man from the Azd, known as Ibn al-Lutbiyyah, to collect zakat. He

was nicknamed Ibn al-Lutbiyyah. When he returned after collecting zakat, he said to the Prophet, “This is for you, and this was given to me as a gift.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)

stood on the pulpit, praised and glorified Allah, and then said: “To proceed: when I appoint one of you to an office among those over which Allah has placed me in authority,”

he returns to me and says, ‘These are for you, and these were given to me as gifts.’ Why does this man not remain in his father’s or mother’s house, so that his gifts may come to him there, if he is truthful?

By Allah, if any one of you takes anything unlawfully, he will meet Allah on the Day of Resurrection carrying it. Therefore,

I do not want to see any of you meet Allah carrying a camel that is bellowing, a cow that is mooing, or a sheep that is bleating. The narrator said: Then he raised his hands so high that the whiteness of his armpits became visible. He said, “O Allah, have I conveyed the message?” He said this three times.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

ى اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ ۲۱۰ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضى كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ مَظْلِمَةٌ لِأَخِيهِ مِنْ عِرْضِهِ أَوْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَلْيَتَحَلَّلَهُ مِنْهُ الْيَوْمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لا يَكُونَ دِينَارٍ وَلَا دِرْهَمْ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَمَلَ صَالِحٌ أُخِذَ مِنْهُ

بِقَدْرِ مَظْلِمَتِهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُن لَهُ حَسَنَاتٌ أَخذ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ صاحبه فَحُمِلَ عَلَيْه – رواه البخاري.

210. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever has wronged his brother regarding his honor or anything else should seek his pardon today, before there will be no dinar or dirham. If he has righteous deeds, they will be taken from him in proportion to his wrong; and if he has no good deeds, some of his victim’s sins will be placed upon him in proportion to his wrong.”

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى ۲۱۱ – عَنْ عَبْد الله بن اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ سَلِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ وَالْمُهَاجِرُ مَنْ هَجَرَ مَا نَهَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ – متفق عليه .

211. ʿAbdullah ibn ʿAmr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A Muslim is one from whose tongue and hand other Muslims are safe. A muhajir is one who abandons what Allah has forbidden.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۱۲ – وَعَنْهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ عَلَى ثَقَلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ كِرْكِرَةً فَمَاتَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُوَ فِي النَّارِ فَذَهَبُوا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ فَوَجَدُوا عَبَاءَةً قَدْ غَلَهَا – رواه البخاري .

212. It was narrated from Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: A man named Kirkirah was responsible for the belongings of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he died, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He is in Hell.” They went to his dwelling to investigate why he had become deserving of Hell. There they found an aba (a type of garment), which he had appropriated. Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

۲۱۳ – عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةً نُفَيْعِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ الزَّمَانَ قَدِ اسْتَدَارَ كَهَيْئَتِهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ السَّنَةُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ ثَلاثُ مُتَوَالِيَاتٌ ذُو الْقَعْدَةِ

وَذُو الْحِجَّةِ وَالْمُحَرِّمُ وَرَجَبُ مُضَرَ الَّذِي بَيْنَ جُمَادَى وَشَعْبَانَ أَيُّ شَهْرٍ هَذَا ؟ قُلْنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ فَسَكَتَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُسَمِّيْهِ بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهِ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ ذَا الْحَجَّةِ قُلْنَا بَلَى قَالَ فَأَيُّ بَلَدٍ هَذَا ؟ قُلْنَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ

فَسَكَتَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُسَمِّيْهِ بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهِ قَالَ الَيْسَ الْبَلْدَةَ؛ قُلْنَا بَلَى قَالَ فَأَيُّ يَوْمٍ هُذَا ؟ قُلْنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ فَسَكَتَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ سَيُسَمِيْهِ بِغَيْرِ اسْمه قَالَ اليْسَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ ؟ قُلْنَا بَلَى قَالَ فَإِنْ دِمَاءَكُمْ

وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ وَأَعْرَاضَكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ كُحُرُمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هذَا فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا وَسَتَلْقَوْنَ رَبُّكُمْ فَيَسْأَلُكُمْ عَنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ أَلَا فَلَا تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يُضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ إِلَّا لِيُبَلِّغَ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ فَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَ مَنْ

يُبَلِّغُهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَوْعَى لَهُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ مَنْ سَمِعَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا هَلْ بَلَغَتُ إِلا هَلْ بَلَغَتُ؟ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ قَالَ اللَّهُمُ اشْهَدْ – متفق عليه .

213. It was narrated from Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Time has returned to its original order, as it was on the day Allah created the heavens and the earth. A year consists of twelve months, four of which are sacred; three are consecutive: Dhu al-Qi’dah, Dhu al-Hijjah and Muharram, and Rajab of Mudar, which lies between Jumada al-Thaniyah and Sha’ban. He asked: “Which month is this?” We said: “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He remained silent, so that we thought he might give it another name. He asked: “Is it not the month of Dhu al-Hijjah?” We said: “Yes.” He asked: “Which city is this?” We said: “Allah and His Messenger know best.” He remained silent, and we thought that he might give it another name. He said: “Is it not the city of Makkah?” We said: “Yes.” He asked: “Which day is this?” We said: “Allah knows best.” He remained silent, and we thought that he might give it another name. He said: “Is it not the Day of Sacrifice?” We said: “Yes.” He said: “Just as this day of yours, this city of yours and this month of yours are sacred, so too are your blood, your wealth and your honour sacred and inviolable. You will soon meet your Lord, and He will question you about your deeds. Beware! Do not return after me to disbelief, striking one another’s necks. Let those who are present convey this to those who are absent, for it is possible that the one to whom it is conveyed may preserve it better than some of those who heard it.” Then he said: “Have I conveyed the message? Have I conveyed the message?” We said: “Yes.” He said: “O Allah, bear witness.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢١٤ – عَنْ أَبِي أَمَامَةَ إِيَاسِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ الْحَارِثِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنِ اقْتَطَعَ حَقَّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِم بِيَمِينِهِ فَقَدْ أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ النَّارَ وَحَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ شَيْئًا يَسِيرًا يَا

رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ وَإِنْ كَانَ قَضِيبًا مِنْ أراك – رواه مسلم .

214. It was narrated from Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever seizes the right of a Muslim by means of a false oath, Allah will make the Fire obligatory for him and forbid Paradise to him.” A man asked: “O Messenger of Allah, even if it is something insignificant?” He said: “Even if it is a twig from the pilu tree.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢١٥ – عَنْ عَدِي بْنِ عُمَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلَنَاهُ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَكَتَمَنَا مِخْيَطًا فَمَا فَوْقَهُ كَانَ غُلُوْلا يَأْتِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ

كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْبَلْ عَنِّى عَمَلَكَ قَالَ وَمَا لَكَ؟ قَالَ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ وَأَنَا أَقُولُهُ الْآنَ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلَنَاهُ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَلْيَجِيْ بِقَلِيْلِهِ وَكَثِيْرِهِ فَمَا أُوتِيَ مِنْهُ أَخَذَ وَمَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ انْتَهى – رواه مسلم .

215. It was narrated from Adi ibn Umayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: “When we appoint one of you to a position, and he conceals from us even something the size of a needle or more, he is considered to have committed treachery and will bring it on the Day of Resurrection.” A dark-skinned man from the Ansar stood before him and said: “O Messenger of Allah, take back the responsibility you gave me.” The narrator said: “It is as though I can still see him.” He asked: “What is the matter with you?” He replied: “I heard you say such and such.” He said: “I still say it now: When we appoint one of you to a position, he must bring everything, both little and much. Whatever he is given from it, he may take, and whatever he is prohibited from taking, he must refrain from.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢١٦ – عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ أَقْبَلَ نَفَرٌ مِّنْ اصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا فُلَانٌ شَهِيدٌ وَفُلَانٌ شَهِيدٌ حَتَّى مَرُّوا عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَقَالُوا فُلانٌ شَهِيدٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ

وَسَلَّمَ كَلَا إِنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ فِي النَّارِ فِي بُرْدَةٍ عَلَهَا أَوْ عَبَاءَة – رواه مسلم .

216. It was narrated from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: On the day of the Battle of Khaybar, some Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came and said: “So-and-so is a martyr,” and “So-and-so is a martyr.” When they passed by a certain man, they said: “So-and-so is a martyr.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Never! I see him in Hell because of a cloak or an aba.” He had appropriated it.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۱۷ – عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ رَبَعِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَامَ فِيْهِمْ فَذَكَرَ لَهُمُ أَنَّ الْجِهَادَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالْإِيْمَانَ بِاللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ الْأَعْمَالِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ

فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ تُكَفِّرُ عَنِّي خَطَايَايَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَعَمْ إِنْ قُتِلْتَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَأَنْتَ صَابِرٌ مُحْتَسِبٌ مُقْبِلَ غَيْرُ مُدْبِرٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَيْفَ قُلْتَ ؟ قَالَ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ

فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ اتَّكَفُرُ عَنِّى خَطَايَايَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَعَمُ وَأَنْتَ صَابِرٌ مُحْتَسِبٌ مُقْبِلُ غَيْرَ مُدْبِرِ إِلَّا الدِّينَ فَإِنَّ جِبْرِيلَ قَالَ لِي ذَلِكَ – رواه مسلم .

217. It was narrated from Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood among them and said: “Striving in the path of Allah and believing in Allah are the best of deeds.” A man stood and asked: “O Messenger of Allah, what do you think: if I am killed in the path of Allah, will my sins be expiated?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: “Yes, if you are killed in the path of Allah while being patient, seeking reward, advancing forward and not turning your back.” Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “What did you say?” The man repeated: “What do you think: if I am killed in the path of Allah, will my sins be expiated?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Yes, if you are patient, seeking reward, advancing forward and not turning your back. But a debt will not be forgiven. Jibril has told me this.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۱۸ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ اتَدْرُونَ مَا الْمُفْلِسُ؟ قَالُوا الْمُفْلِسُ فِينَا مَنْ لَا دِرْهَمَ لَهُ وَلَا مَتَاعَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْمُفْلِسُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي مَنْ يَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِصَلَاةٍ وَصِيَامٍ وَزَكَاةَ

وَيَأْتِي قَدْ شَتَمَ هذا وَقَذَفَ هذا وأَكَلَ مَالَ هذا وَسَفَكَ دَمَ هذا وَضَرَبَ هَذَا فَيُعْطَى هَذَا مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهِ وَهُذَا مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهِ فَإِنْ فَنِيَتْ حَسَنَاتُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْضِيَ مَا عَلَيْهِ أُخِذَ مِنْ خَطَايَاهُمْ فَطَرِحَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ طَرِحَ فِي النَّارِ –

رواه مسلم .

218. It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: “Do you know who is bankrupt?” The Companions said: “The bankrupt among us is one who has neither money nor property.” He said: “The bankrupt person from my nation is one who will come on the Day of Resurrection with prayer, fasting, zakat and all other acts of worship, but he will also have insulted someone, falsely accused someone, unlawfully taken someone’s property, shed someone’s blood and beaten someone. His good deeds will then be given to these people. If his good deeds run out before their claims are settled, their sins will be placed upon him, and then he will be cast into Hell. Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۱۹ – عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلَى وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَاقْضِي لَهُ بِنَحْوِ مَا أَسْمَعُ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِحَقِّ أَخِيهِ فَإِنَّمَا

أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قطعة مِنَ النَّار – متفق عليه. الْحَنَ أَي أَعْلَم.

219. It was narrated from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I am only a human being. You bring your disputes to me for judgment, and perhaps one of you is more eloquent in presenting his proof than the other. I may therefore judge according to what I hear from him. If I judge in someone’s favour, unknowingly, that he should receive his brother’s right, then I have only given him a piece of Hell.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۲۰ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَنْ يزَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُ فِي فُسْحَةٍ مِنْ دِينِهِ مَا لَمْ يُصِبْ دَما حَرَامًا – رواه البخاري .

220. It was narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A believer remains at liberty in his religion as long as he does not shed forbidden blood”—that is, kill someone unjustly.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

۲۲۱ – عَنْ خَوْلَةَ بِنْتِ عَامِرِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةِ وَهِيَ امْرَأَةُ حَمْزَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ رِجَالاً يَتَخَوضُونَ فِي مَالِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ فَلَهُمُ النَّارُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ – رواه البخاري .

221. It was narrated from Khawlah bint Amir al-Ansariyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), who was the wife of Hamzah (may Allah be pleased with him). She said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: “There are people who dispose of Allah’s property unlawfully and wastefully. For them is the Fire on the Day of Resurrection.” Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

Section 27 – Showing respect for the honour and dignity of Muslims, their rights, and showing them kindness, favour and love

Showing respect for the honour and dignity of Muslims, their rights, and showing them kindness, favour and love.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَمَنْ يُعَظِمْ حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“Whoever honours the sacred ordinances of Allah, that is best for him with his Lord.” (Surah al-Hajj: 30)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَنْ يُعَظِمْ شَعَائِرَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ تَقْوَى الْقُلُوبِ .

“Whoever honours the symbols of Allah, indeed, that is from the piety of the hearts.” (Surah al-Hajj: 32)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَاخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

“Lower the wing of humility and gentleness for the believers.” (Surah al-Hijr: 88)

 وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا

“Whoever kills a person—not in retribution for murder or for spreading corruption in the land—it is as though he has killed all mankind; and whoever saves a life, it is as though he has saved all mankind.” (Surah al-Ma’idah: 32)

۲۲۲ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ كَالْبُنْيَانِ يَشُدُّ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا وَشَبِّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ – متفق عليه.

222. It was narrated from Abu Musa al-Ashari (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A believer is to another believer like a building; one part strengthens another.” While saying this, he interlaced the fingers of one hand with those of the other.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۲۳ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ مَرَّ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ مَسَاجِدِنَا أَوْ أَسْواقِنَا وَمَعَهُ نَبْلٌ فَلْيُمْسِكَ أَوْ لِيُقْبِضُ عَلَى نِصَالِهَا بِكَفِّهِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ أَحَدًا مِّنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْهَا بِشَيْءٍ متفق عليه .

223. It was narrated from Abu Musa al-Ashari (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When anyone passes through one of our mosques or markets carrying arrows, he should hold their points carefully or grasp them in his hand, lest any Muslim be struck by them.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٢٤ – عَنِ النَّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَثَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي تَوَادِهِمْ وَتَرَاحُمِهِمْ وَتَعَاطَفِهِمْ مَثَلُ الْجَسَدِ إِذَا اشتكى منه عضو تداعى لَهُ سَائِرُ الْجَسَد بالسهر والحمى –

متفق عليه .

224. It was narrated from al-Numan ibn Bashir (may Allah be pleased with them both). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “In their mutual love, mercy and compassion, the believers are like one body. When one part of the body suffers, the rest of the body responds to it with sleeplessness and fever.” Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٢٥ – وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَبْلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِي رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا وَعِنْدَهُ الْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسِ فَقَالَ الْأَقْرَعُ إِنَّ لِي عَشَرَةٌ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ مَا قَبَّلْتُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ

صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ مَنْ لا يَرْحَمُ لا يُرْحَمُ – متفق عليه .

225. It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) kissed al-Hasan ibn Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both), while al-Aqra ibn Habis (may Allah be pleased with him) was present. Al-Aqra said: “I have ten children, but I have never kissed any of them.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at him and said: “Whoever does not show mercy will not be shown mercy.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٢٦ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَدِمَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا اتَّقَبِّلُوْنَ صِبْيَانَكُمْ؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ قَالُوا لَكِنَّا وَاللَّهِ مَا نُقَبِّلُ فَقَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْ أَمْلِكُ إِنْ كَانَ

اللَّهُ نَزَعَ مِنْ قُلُوبِكُمُ الرَّحْمَةَ؟ متفق عليه.

226. It was narrated from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: Some Arab Bedouins came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked: “Do you kiss your young children?” He said: “Yes.” They said: “By Allah, we do not kiss them.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “What can I do if Allah has removed mercy and affection from your hearts?” Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۲۷ – عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ لَا يَرْحَمُ النَّاسَ لَا يَرْحَمُهُ اللهُ – متفق عليه .

227. It was narrated from Jarir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever does not show mercy to people, Allah will not show mercy to him.” Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۲۸- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ لِلنَّاسِ فَلْيُخَفِّفْ فَإِنَّ فِيهِمُ الضَّعِيفَ وَالسَّقِيمَ وَالْكَبِيرَ وَإِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ لِنَفْسِهِ فَلْيَطُولُ مَا شَاءَ – متفق عليه وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ

وَذَا الْحَاجَةِ .

228. It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When any of you leads the people in prayer, let him make it brief, for among them may be the weak, the sick and the elderly. When any of you prays alone, he may lengthen the prayer as much as he wishes.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration also mentions “a person with a need.”

۲۲۹ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ إِنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيَدْعُ الْعَمَلَ وَهُوَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُعْمَلَ بِهِ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُعْمَلَ بِهِ النَّاسُ فَيُفْرَضَ عليهم. متفق عليه.

229. It was narrated from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would sometimes refrain from doing an act of worship that he liked to do, fearing that if people continued doing it after seeing him do it, it might be made obligatory upon them.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۳۰ – وَعَنْهَا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَتْ نَهَاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْوِصَالِ رَحْمَةً لَهُمْ فَقَالُوا إِنَّكَ تُوَاصِلُ؟ قَالَ إِنِّي لَسْتُ كَهَيْئَتِكُمْ إِنِّي أَبِيْتُ يُطْعِمُنِي رَبِّي وَيَسْقِينِي – متفق عليه مَعْنَاهُ يَجْعَلُ فِي قُوَّةً مَنْ أَكَلَ

وَشَرِبَ .

230. Narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: Out of compassion for the Companions, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade them from observing sawm al-wisal [fasting continuously for several days with only minimal food and drink]. They asked, “But you observe it?” He said: “I am not like you. I spend the night while my Lord feeds me and gives me drink” (that is, He grants me the strength of one who eats and drinks).

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۳۱ – عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ رِبْعِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنِّي لَأَقُومُ إِلَى الصَّلاةِ وَأُرِيدُ أَنْ أَطُولَ فِيْهَا فَأَسْمَعُ بُكَاءَ الصَّبِيِّ فَاتَجُوزُ فِي صَلَاتِي كَرَاهِيَةً أَنْ أَشُقِّ عَلَى أُمِّهِ – رواه

البخاري .

231. Narrated by Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: I stand for prayer intending to make it lengthy, but when I hear a child crying, I shorten my prayer, fearing that it may distress his mother.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

۲۳۲ – عَنْ جُنْدَبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ فَهُوَ فِي ذِمَّةِ اللَّهِ فَلَا يَطْلُبَنَّكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ بِشَيْءٍ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يُطْلَبُهُ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ بِشَيْ مُدْرِكَهُ ثُمَّ يَكُبُهُ عَلَى

وَجْهِهِ فِي نَارِ جهَنَّمَ – رواه مسلم.

232. Narrated by Jundub ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever performs the morning (Fajr) prayer has entered Allah’s protection. So do not let Allah call you to account regarding His protection, for if He seeks to hold anyone accountable concerning His protection, He can do so, and then throw him face-first into Hell.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۳۳ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ لَا يَظْلِمُهُ وَلَا يُسْلِمُهُ مَنْ كَانَ فِي حَاجَةٍ أَخِيهِ كَانَ اللَّهُ فِي حَاجَتِهِ وَمَنْ فَرِّجَ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ كُرْبَةٌ فَرَجَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا كُرْبَةٌ

مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ سَتَرَ مُسْلِمًا سَتَرَهُ اللهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ – متفق عليه .

233. Narrated by Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim. He must neither wrong him nor hand him over to the enemy. Whoever strives to fulfill the need of his Muslim brother, Allah fulfills his need. Whoever relieves a Muslim of any distress or hardship, Allah will, in return, relieve him of one of the hardships of the Day of Resurrection. Whoever conceals the fault of a Muslim, Allah will conceal his fault on the Day of Resurrection.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٣٤ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ لَا يَخُونُهُ وَلَا يَكْذِبُهُ وَلَا يَخْذُلُهُ كُلُّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ حَرَامٌ عِرْضُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَدَمُهُ التَّقوى هُهُنَا بِحَسْبِ امْرِئٍ مِنَ

الشَّرِّ أَنْ يُحْفِرَ أَخَاهُ المسلم – رواه الترمذى. وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.

234. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim. He will not betray him, lie to him, or humiliate him. The honor, property, and blood of every Muslim are inviolable to all other Muslims. (He pointed toward his chest and said:) Piety is here. It is sufficient evil for a person that he despises and humiliates his Muslim brother.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said: It is a hasan hadith.

٢٣٥ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تَحَاسَدُوا وَلَا تَنَاجَشُوا وَلَا تَبَاغَضُوا وَلَا تَدَابَرُوا وَلَا يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ اللهِ إِخْوَانًا الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ لَا يَظْلِمُهُ وَلَا يَحْقِرُهُ وَلَا يَخْذُلُهُ

التَّقْوَى هُهُنَا وَيُشِيرُ إِلَى صَدْرِهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ بِحَسْبِ امْرِئٍ مِنَ الشَّرِّ أَنْ يُحْقِرَ أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ كُلُّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ حَرَامٌ دَمُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعِرْضُهُ – رواه مسلم النَّجَسُ أَنْ يُزِيدَ فِي ثَمَن سِلْعَةٍ يُنَادَى عَلَيْهَا فِي السُّوقِ

وَنَحوه وَلَا رَغْبَةً لَهُ فِي شرَائِهَا بَلْ يَقْصِدُ أَنْ يَغُرَّ غَيْرَهُ وَهَذَا حَرَامٌ وَالتَّدَابُرُ أَنْ يُعْرِضَ عَنِ الْإِنْسَانِ وَيَهْجَرَهُ وَيَجْعَلَهُ كَالشئ الذي وراء الظهر والدبر .

235. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Do not envy one another, do not practice tanajush [pretending to be a buyer and raising the price of goods before the genuine buyer, thereby deceiving him into buying them at an inflated price; this is forbidden], do not hate one another, do not turn away from one another, and do not conduct a sale over another person’s sale. O servants of Allah, be brothers to one another. A Muslim

is the brother of another Muslim. He must neither wrong him, regard him as inferior, nor humiliate him. Piety is here. He said this three times and pointed toward his chest. It is sufficient to establish a person’s evil that he despises and regards his Muslim brother as inferior. The blood (life), property, and honor of every Muslim are inviolable to all other Muslims.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٣٦ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى يُحِبُّ لأَخِيهِ مَا يُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِهِ – متفق عليه .

236. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: None of you truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.
Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۳۷ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْصُرُ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنْصُرُهُ إِذَا كَانَ مَظْلُومًا أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ ظَالِمًا كَيْفَ أَنْصُرُهُ؟ قَالَ تَحْجُرُهُ أَوْ تَمْنَعُهُ مِنَ الظَّلْمِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ نَصْرُهُ – رواه

البخاري .

237. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Help your brother, whether he is an oppressor or oppressed. A man said: O Messenger of Allah, I will help him if he is oppressed, but if he is an oppressor, how can I help him? He said: Restrain him or prevent him from oppression. That is helping him.
Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

۲۳۸- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ حَقُّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ خَمْسٌ رَدُّ السَّلامِ وَعِيَادَةُ الْمَرِيضِ وَاتَّبَاعُ الْجَنَائِزِ وَأَجَابَةُ الدَّعْوَةِ وَتَشْمِيْتُ الْعَاطِس – متفق عليه

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمِ حَقُّ الْمُسْلِمِ مِنْ إِذَا لَقِيتَهُ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَيْهِ وَإِذَا دَعَاكَ فَأَجِبُهُ وَإِذَا اسْتَنضَحَكَ فَانْصَحْ لَهُ وَإِذَا عَطَسَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ فَشَمِتْهُ وَإِذَا مَرِضَ فَعُدْهُ وَإِذَا مَاتَ فَاتَّبِعُهُ .

238. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: A Muslim owes five rights to another Muslim: returning the greeting, visiting the sick, attending funerals, accepting invitations, and responding to a sneeze (by saying, “May Allah have mercy on you”).

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration by Muslim, it states that Muslims have six rights over one another: When you meet him, greet him; when he invites you, accept his invitation; when he asks you for advice, advise him; when he sneezes and says “al-hamdu lillah” (all praise belongs to Allah), respond by saying “yarhamuk Allah” (may Allah have mercy on you); when he falls ill, visit him; and when he dies, attend his funeral.

۲۳۹ – عَنْ أَبِي عُمَارَةَ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ آمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِسَبْعٍ وَنَهَانَا عَنْ سَبْعِ أَمَرَنَا بِعِبَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ وَاتَّبَاعِ الْجَنَازَةِ وَتَشْمِيْتِ الْعَاطِسِ وَإِبْرَارِ الْمُقْسِمِ وَنَصْرِ الْمَظْلُومِ وَإِجَابَةِ

الدَّاعِي وانشاء السلامِ وَنَهَانَا عَنْ خَوَاتِيمِ أَوْ تَخَتُم بِالذَّهَبِ وَعَنْ شُرْبِ بِالْفِضَّةِ وَعَنِ الْمَيَائِرِ الْحُمْرِ وَعَنِ الْقَسِيِّ وَعَن لَبْسُ الْخَرِيرِ وَالْاسْتَبْرَقِ وَالدِّيباج متفق عليه وفي رواية وإِنْشَادِ الضَّالَّةِ فِي السَّبْعِ الأولِ الْمَيَائِرُ بِيَاء

مُثَنَّاةٍ قَبْلَ الْأَلِفِ وَثَاء مُثَلَّثَةٍ بَعْدَهَا وَهِيَ جَمْعُ مَبْشَرَةٍ وَهِيَ شَيْ يُتَّخَذُ مِنْ حَرِيْرٍ وَيُحْشَى قُطْنًا أَوْ غَيْرَهُ وَيُجْعَلُ فِي السَّرْجِ وَكُورِ الْبَعِيرِ يَجْلِسُ عَلَيْهِ الرَّاكِبُ وَالْقَسِي بِفَتْحِ الْقَافِ وكشرِ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةَ الْمُشَدِّدَةِ وَهِيَ

ثِيَابٌ تُنْسَجُ مِنْ حَرِيْرٍ وَكَتَانٍ مُخْتَلِطَيْنِ وَإِنْشَادُ الضَّالَّةِ تَعْرِيقُهَا .

239. Narrated by al-Bara ibn Azib (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) instructed us to do seven things and forbade us from doing seven things. He instructed us to visit the sick, attend funerals, respond to a sneeze, fulfill oaths or promises, help the oppressed, accept invitations, and spread greetings of peace. He forbade us from wearing or making gold rings, drinking from silver vessels, sitting on red silk cushions [such cushions were commonly made in Arabia for sitting on the backs of horses and camels], and wearing qassiyy cloth, silk garments, and dibaj.

Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration, among the first seven, the instruction to “announce lost property” appears instead of “fulfill oaths.”

Glossary: المياثرa fabric made by combining silk and thread, spread over the saddle of a camel or horse. نسىA fabric made by combining silk and cotton. دیباجA type of silk garment.

Section 28 – Concealing the faults of a Muslim and not disclosing them without necessity

Concealing the faults of a Muslim and not disclosing them without necessity.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ تَشِيعَ الْفَاحِشَةُ فِي الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ .

The Most High Allah says:

“Those who wish indecency and immorality to spread among the believers will have a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter.” (Surah al-Nur: 19)

٢٤٠ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَسْتُرُ عَبْدٌ عَبْدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلا سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ – رواه مسلم .

240. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Any servant who conceals the faults of another servant in this world—Allah will conceal his faults on the Day of Resurrection.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٤١ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ كُلُّ أُمَّتِي مُعَافَى إِلا الْمُجَاهِرِينَ وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْمُجَاهَرَةِ أَنْ يُعْمَلَ الرَّجُلُ بِاللَّيْلِ عَمَلًا ثُمَّ يُصْبِحَ وَقَدْ سَتَرَهُ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ فَيَقُولُ يَا فُلانُ عَمِلْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَقَدْ

بَاتَ الله عنه يَسْتُرُهُ رَبُّهُ وَيُصْبِحُ يَكْشِفُ سِتْرَ الله . – متفق عليه .

241. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: All of my ummah will be pardoned except those who openly publicize their sins. Publicizing sins includes a person committing a deed at night, then Allah concealing it, and in the morning saying, “O so-and-so, I did such-and-such last night.” He spent the night while Allah had concealed his deeds, but in the morning he removed Allah’s concealment.

Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٤٢ – وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا زَنَتِ الْآمَةُ فَتَبَيِّنَ زِنَاهَا فَلْيَجْلِدُهَا الْحَد وَلا يُشَرِبْ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ إِنْ زَنَتِ الثَّانِيَةَ فَلْيَجْلِدُهَا الْحَدِّ وَلَا يُشَرِّبُ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ إِنْ زَنَتِ الثَّالِثَةَ فَلْيَبِعُهَا وَلَوْ بِحَبْلٍ مِنْ شَعْر – متفق

عليه التقريب التوبيخ.

242. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: If a slave woman commits adultery and it is proven, the prescribed punishment must be carried out on her, but she must not be rebuked or intimidated. If she commits adultery a second time and it is proven, the prescribed punishment must be carried out on her, but she must not be rebuked or intimidated. If she commits adultery a third time, she should be sold, even for a rope of hair [the prescribed punishment for a slave woman who commits adultery is fifty lashes; the same punishment is imposed for a second offense. At the time of sale, the buyer must be informed of her character].

Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٤٣ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ أَتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ شَرِبَ خَمْرًا قَالَ اضْرِبُوهُ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَمِنَّا الضَّارِبُ بِيَدِهِ وَالضَّارِبُ بِنَعْلِم والضَّارِبُ بِشَوْبِهِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ أَخْزَاكَ اللَّهُ قَالَ لَا تَقُوْلُوْا

هَكَذَا ولا تُعينُوا عَلَيْه الشيطان – رواه البخاري .

243. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: A man who had drunk wine was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He ordered: Beat him. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Some of us struck him with their hands, some with their shoes, and some with their garments. When he was leaving, some people said, “May Allah disgrace you.” The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Do not say that; do not help Satan against him.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

Section 29 – Helping fulfill the needs of a Muslim

মুসলিমের প্রয়োজন পূরণে সহায়তা করা।

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَافْعَلُوا الْخَيْرَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ .

The Most High Allah says:

“Do good, so that you may prosper.” (Surah al-Hajj: 77)

٢٤٤ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ لَا يَظْلِمُهُ وَلَا يُسْلِمُهُ مَنْ كَانَ فِي حَاجَةٍ أَخِيهِ كَانَ اللَّهُ فِي حَاجَتِهِ وَمَنْ فَرِّجَ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ كُرْبَةً فَرْجَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِهَا كُرْبَةً

مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ سَتَرَ مُسْلِمًا سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ – متفق عليه .

244. Narrated by Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim. He must neither wrong him nor hand him over to the enemy. Whoever strives to fulfill the need of his Muslim brother, Allah will fulfill his need. Whoever relieves a Muslim of any hardship (or distress), Allah will, in return, relieve him of one of his hardships on the Day of Resurrection. Whoever conceals the fault of a Muslim, Allah will conceal his fault on the Day of Resurrection.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٤٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ نَفْسَ عَنْ مُؤْمِن كُرْبَةً مِنْ كُرَبِ الدُّنْيَا نَفْسَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كُرْبَةً مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ يَسْرَ عَلَى مُعْسِرٍ يَسْرَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ

وَمَنْ سَتَرَ مُسْلِمًا سَتَرَهُ اللهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ وَاللَّهُ فِي عَوْنِ الْعَبْدِ مَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ فِي عَوْنِ أَخِيهِ وَمَنْ سَلَكَ طَرِيقًا يَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ عِلْمًا سَهْلَ اللهُ لَهُ بِهِ طَرِيقًا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَمَا اجْتَمَعَ قَوْمٌ في بَيْتِ مِنْ بُيُوتِ اللهِ تَعَالَى يَتْلُونَ

كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَيَتَدَارَسُونَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ إِلَّا نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّكِينَةُ وَغَشِبَتْهُمُ الرَّحْمَةُ وَحَفْتُهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَذَكَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِيْمَنْ عِنْدَهُ وَمَنْ بَطَأَ بِهِ عَمَلَهُ لَمْ يُسْرِعْ بِهِ نَسَبُهُ – رواه مسلم .

245. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever relieves a Muslim of one of the worldly hardships he faces, Allah will relieve him of one of his hardships on the Day of Resurrection. Whoever eases the difficulty of an insolvent person, Allah will ease his difficulty in this world and the Hereafter. Whoever conceals the fault of a Muslim, Allah will conceal his fault in this world and the Hereafter. Allah continues to help a servant as long as the servant helps his Muslim brother. Whoever follows a path seeking knowledge, Allah will make easy for him a path to Paradise. Whenever a group of people gathers in one of the houses of Allah, reciting the Book of Allah and studying it together, tranquility descends upon them, mercy covers them, the angels surround them, and Allah mentions them to those who are with Him. Whoever is held back by his deeds will not be advanced by his lineage.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Section 30 – Shafa‘ah, or intercession

Shafa‘ah, or intercession.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : مَنْ يُشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ يُكُنْ لَهُ نَصِيبٌ مِنْهَا

The Most High Allah says:

“Whoever intercedes for a good cause will have a share of it; and whoever intercedes for an evil cause will have a share of it.” (Surah al-Nisa: 85)

٢٤٦ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا آتَاهُ طَالِبُ حَاجَةٍ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى جُلَسَائِهِ فَقَالَ اشْفَعُوا تُؤْجَرُوا وَيَقْضِيَ اللَّهُ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ مَا أَحَبِّ – متفق عليه وفي رواية ما

شاء .

246. Narrated by Abu Musa al-Ashari (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: When someone in need came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), he would turn to those sitting with him and say: “Intercede, and you will be rewarded. Allah will bring about through the tongue of His Prophet whatever He wills.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration, the words “whatever he wishes” are mentioned.

٢٤٧ – عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قِصَّةِ بَرِيرَةً وَزَوْجِهَا قَالَ قَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَوْ رَاجَعْتِهِ؟ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَأْمُرُنِي؟ قَالَ إِنَّمَا اشْفَعُ قَالَتْ لَا حَاجَةً لِي فِيهِ – رواه البخاري .

247. Narrated by Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both). Regarding the incident of Barirah and her husband, he said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to her, “If only you would take him back.” Barirah said, “O Messenger of Allah, are you commanding me?” He said, “I am only interceding and asking you.” Barirah said, “I have no need of him.” Imam al-Bukhari narrated the hadith.

Section 31: Reconciling people with one another

Reconciling people with one another.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : لَا خَيْرَ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِنْ نَجْوَاهُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوْ مَعْرُوفِ أَوْ اصلاح بَيْنَ النَّاسِ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“There is no good in much of their secret conversation, except for one who enjoins charity, a good deed, or reconciliation between people. Whoever does that seeking the pleasure of Allah, We shall give him a great reward.” (Surah an-Nisa: 114)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَالصُّلْحُ خَيْرٌ .

“Reconciliation is best in all circumstances.” (Surah an-Nisa: 128)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ .

“Fear Allah and set right your mutual relationships.” (Surah al-Anfal: 1)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِخْوَةٌ فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَ أَخَوَيْكُمْ .

“The believers are but brothers, so reconcile between your brothers.” (Surah al-Hujurat: 10)

٢٤٨- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلُّ سلامى مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ صَدَقَةٌ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ تَطْلُعُ فِيهِ الشَّمْسُ تَعْدِلُ بَيْنَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ صَدَقَةً وَتُعِينُ الرَّجُلَ فِي دَابَّتِهِ فَيَحْمِلُهُ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ تَرْفَعُ لَهُ

عَلَيْهَا مَتَاعَهُ صَدَقَةً وَالْكَلِمَةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ صَدَقَةٌ وَبِكُلِّ خَطْوَةٍ يَمْشِيْهَا إِلى الصَّلاةِ صَدَقَةٌ وَيُمِيطُ الْأَذَى عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ متفق عليه ومعنى وَتَعْدِلُ بَيْنَهُمَا تُصْلِحُ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالْعَدْلِ .

248. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Every joint of a person must give charity every day on which the sun rises. Reconciling two people justly is charity. Helping a person mount his riding animal, or lifting his belongings onto its back, is charity. A good and pure word is charity. Every step taken toward prayer is charity, and removing something harmful from the road is charity. Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٤٩ – عَنْ أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتِ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعِيطٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لَيْسَ الْكَذَابُ الَّذِي يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَيَنْمِي خَيْرًا أَوْ يَقُولُ خَيْرًا – متفق عليه

وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مُسْلِمِ زِيَادَةً قَالَتْ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ يُرَخِّصُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا يَقُولُهُ النَّاسُ إِلَّا في ثلاث تَعْنِي الْحَرْبَ وَالْإِصْلاحَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَحَدِيثَ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتَهُ وَحَدِيثَ الْمَرْأَة زَوْجَهَا

249. Narrated by Umm Kulthum (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: The person who uses false words to reconcile two disputing people, intending to bring about good, is not a liar.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration by Muslim, there is an addition: She (Umm Kulthum) said, “I did not hear him permit lying in anything people say except in three cases: in war, reconciling people, and a husband’s words to his wife and a wife’s words to her husband.” [This does not grant permission to lie in every matter between husband and wife. Otherwise, doubt and suspicion would enter their relationship and cause them serious harm. Rather, lying is not blameworthy regarding important matters between spouses that deepen their relationship, protect it from breaking apart, and similar matters.]

٢٥٠ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَوْتَ خُصُومٍ بِالْبَابِ عَالِيَةُ أَصْوَاتُهُمَا وَإِذَا أَحَدُهُمَا يَسْتَوْضِعُ الْآخَرَ وَيَسْتَرْفِقُهُ فِي شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ وَاللهِ لا أَفْعَلُ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ

صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ الْمُتَالِى عَلَى اللهِ لا يَفْعَلُ الْمَعْرُوفَ فَقَالَ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَلَهُ أَى ذلك أحب متفق عليه مَعنَى يَسْتَوْضِعُهُ يَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يَضَعَ عَنْهُ بَعْضَ دَيْنِهِ وَيَسْتَرْفِقُهُ يَسْأَلُهُ الرِّفْقَ وَالْمُتَالِي الْخَالِفُ .

250. Narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) heard the voices of two disputing people outside the door of his house. Their voices had become very loud. One of them—the debtor—was pleading with the other to waive part of the debt and show him leniency, while the other—the creditor—was saying, “By Allah, I will not do it.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) went out to them and said, “Where is the one who swore by Allah that he would not do a good deed?” He said, “It is I, O Messenger of Allah!” He then agreed to whatever the debtor preferred. Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥١ – عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدِ السَّاعِدِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَلَغَهُ أَنْ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ شَرِّ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي أَنَاسِ مَعَهُ

فَحُبِسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَحَانَتِ الصَّلاةُ فَجَاءَ بِلال إلى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ حُبِسَ وَحَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَهَلْ لكَ أَنْ تَوْمُ النَّاسَ ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ شِئْتَ

فَأَقَامَ بِلالُ الصَّلوةَ وَتَقَدِّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَكَبَرَ وَكَبَّرَ النَّاسُ وَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَمْشِي فِي الصُّفُوفِ حَتَّى قَامَ فِي الصَّفِ فَأَخَذَ النَّاسُ فِي التَّصْفِيقِ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ لَا يَلْتَفِتُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ

النَّاسُ التَّصْفِيقَ الْتَفَتَ فَإِذَا رَسُوْلُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَفَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهُ يَدَهُ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَرَجَعَ الْقَهْقَرَى وَرَاءَهُ حَتَّى قَامَ فِي الصَّفِ فَتَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ

اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى لِلنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَا لَكُمْ حِيْنَ نَابَكُمْ شَيْ فِي الصَّلاةِ أَخَذْتُمْ فِي التَّصْفِيقِ إِنَّمَا التَّصْفِيقُ لِلنِّسَاءِ مَنْ نَابَهُ شَيْءٍ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيَقُلْ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهُ

لَا يَسْمَعُهُ أَحَدٌ حِيْنَ يَقُوْلُ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ إِلَّا الْتَفَتَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ حِيْنَ أَشَرْتُ إِلَيْكَ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِابْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَنْ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ بَيْنَ يَدَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – متفق

عليه مَعنى حُبِسَ أَمْسَكُوهُ لِيُضِيفُوهُ .

251. Narrated by Sahl ibn Sa’d as-Sa’idi (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was informed that there was a dispute among the people of Banu Amr ibn Awf. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) went there with some Companions to reconcile them. He was delayed there, and the time for prayer approached. Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) came to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said, “O Abu Bakr, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has been delayed in returning, and the time for prayer has arrived. Will you lead the people in prayer?” He said, “Yes, if you wish.” Bilal gave the call to commence the prayer, and Abu Bakr stepped forward to lead it. He began the prayer with the takbir, and the followers followed him. At that moment, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) arrived and walked through the rows until he stood in the front row. The followers began clapping to signal him, but Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) paid no attention. When they clapped more loudly, Abu Bakr looked and saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). He gestured to him to remain where he was. Abu Bakr raised both hands, praised Allah, and stepped backward on his heels until he stood in the row. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stepped forward and led the people in prayer. After completing the prayer, he turned to the Companions and said, “O people, what is the matter with you that, whenever something occurs during prayer, you begin clapping? Clapping is for women. Whoever encounters something during his prayer should say, ‘SubhanAllah,’ for anyone who hears him say ‘SubhanAllah’ will turn his attention to him. O Abu Bakr, what prevented you from leading the people in prayer when I gestured to you?” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “It is not fitting for Abu Quhafah’s son to lead the people in prayer in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).” Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Section 32: The virtues of weak, destitute and poor Muslims

The virtues of weak, destitute and poor Muslims

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَلَا تَعْدُ عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“Keep yourself patient with those who call upon their Lord morning and evening, seeking His pleasure, and do not let your eyes turn away from them.” (Surah al-Kahf: 28)

٢٥٢ – عَنْ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِلا أَخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ ؟ كُلُّ ضَعِيفَ مُتَضَعُفَ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى الله لأبره إِلا أَخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَهْلِ النَّارِ ؟ كُلُّ عُتُلٍ جواظ مُسْتَكْبر متفق

عليه . الْعُتُلُ الْغَلِيظَ الْجَافِي وَالْجَواظُ بِفَتْحِ الْجِيمِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْوَاوِ وَبِالظَّاءِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَهُوَ الْجَمُوعُ الْمَنُوعُ وَقِيلَ الضَّخْمُ الْمُخْتَالُ فِي مِشْيَتِهِ وَقِيلَ الْقَصِيرُ الْبَطِينُ .

252. Narrated by Harithah ibn Wahb (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: Shall I not tell you who the people of Paradise are? Every weak and humble person whom people regard as powerless and insignificant; if he swore by Allah, Allah would fulfill his oath. Shall I not tell you who the people of Hell are? Every harsh, arrogant, disobedient and proud person will be in Hell.

Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥٣ – عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدِ السَّاعِدِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ مَرَّ رَجُلٌ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لِرَجُلٍ عِنْدَهُ جَالِسَ مَا رَأَيْكَ فِي هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ النَّاسِ هَذَا وَاللهِ حَرِى إِنْ خَطَبَ أَنْ

يُنْكَحَ وَإِنْ شَفَعَ أَنْ يُشَفَعَ فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ مَنْ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا رَأَيْكَ فِي هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هُذَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ فُقَرَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ هَذَا حَرِى إِنْ خَطَبَ

أَنْ لَا يُنْكَحَ وَإِنْ شَفَعَ أَنْ لَا يُشَفَعَ وَإِنْ قَالَ أن لا يُسْمَعَ لِقَوْلِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ مِلْ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَ هَذا – متفق عليه. قَوْلُهُ حَرِيٌّ هُوَ بِفَتْحِ الْحَاءِ وَكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْيَاءِ أَي حَقِيقٌ وَقَوْلُهُ

شَفَعَ بِفَتْحِ الْقَاءِ ..

253. Narrated by Sahl ibn Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: A man passed by the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he asked a man sitting with him, “What is your opinion of this man?” He replied, “He is considered one of the nobles. By Allah, he is highly qualified: if he proposes marriage, his proposal is accepted, and if he intercedes in a matter, his intercession is accepted.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) remained silent. Then another man passed by him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked the man sitting with him, “What do you think of this man?” He replied, “O Messenger of Allah, he is one of the poor Muslims. He is such that if he proposes marriage, he is rejected; if he intercedes, his intercession is not accepted; and if he speaks, no one heeds his words.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, “This man is better than the earth’s full of people like the former.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥٤ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ احْتَجَتِ الْجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ فَقَالَتِ النَّارُ فِي الْجَبَّارُونَ وَالْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ وَقَالَتِ الْجَنَّةُ فِي ضُعَفَاءُ النَّاسِ وَمَسَاكِينُهُمْ فَقَضَى اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا إِنَّكِ الْجَنَّةُ

رَحْمَتِي أَرْحَمُ بِكِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ وَإِنَّكِ النَّارُ عَذَابِي أَعَذِّبُ بِكِ مَنْ أَشَاءُ وَلَكِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى مِلْؤُهَا – رواه مسلم.

254. Narrated by Abu Sa’id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Paradise and Hell disputed with one another. Hell said, “Within me are the tyrants, the arrogant and the proud.” Paradise said, “Within me are the helpless, the poor and the weak.” Allah judged between them, saying, “O Paradise, you are My mercy and favor; through you I will show mercy to whomever I wish. And O Hell, you are My punishment; through you I will punish whomever I wish. It is My responsibility to fill both of you.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لِيَأْتِي الرُّجُلُ الْعَظِيمُ السَّمِينُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يَزِنُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَنَاحَ بَعُوضَةٍ متفق عليه.

255. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: On the Day of Resurrection, a large, fat man will be brought, but in the sight of Allah he will not weigh even as much as a mosquito’s wing.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥٦ – وَعَنْهُ أَنْ امْرَأَةٌ سَوْدَاءَ كَانَتْ تَقُمُ الْمَسْجِدَ أَوْ شَابًّا فَفَقَدَهَا أَوْ فَقَدَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهَا أَوْ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا مَاتَ قَالَ أَفَلَا كُنتُمْ أَذَنْتُمُونِي بِهِ فَكَأَنَّهُمْ صَغْرُوا أَمْرَهَا أَوْ أَمْرَهُ فَقَالَ دُلُّونِي عَلَى قَبْرِهِ

فَدَلُّوهُ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ هذه الْقُبُورَ مَمْلُوعَةٌ ظُلْمَةً عَلَى أَهْلِهَا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُنَوِّرُهَا لَهُمْ بِصَلَاتِي عَلَيْهِمْ – متفق عليه قَوْلُهُ تَقُمُّ هُوَ بِفَتْحِ النَّاءِ وَضَمِّ الْقَافِ أَن تَكْنُسُ وَالْقَمَامَةُ الْكُنَاسَةُ وَأَذَنْتُمُونِي بِمَدِ الْهَمْزَةِ

أَعْلَمْتُمُونِي .

256. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). A dark-skinned woman or a young man used to sweep the Prophet’s Mosque. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not see the person, he asked the Companions about him. They said, “He has died.” He said, “Why did you not inform me?” Perhaps they had considered the matter insignificant. He said, “Show me his grave.” They took him to the grave, and he offered the funeral prayer over him. Then he said, “The graves of these people were shrouded in darkness, and Allah has illuminated them for them through my prayer over them.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥٧ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَبِّ اشْعَتَ أَغْبَرَ مَدْفُوع بِالْأَبْوَابِ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللهِ لأبره – رواه مسلم .

257. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: There are many people whose hair is disheveled and whose feet are covered with dust, and who are driven away from people’s doors. If they swear by Allah, Allah grants them the ability to fulfill their oaths.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥٨ – عَنْ أَسَامَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ قُمْتُ عَلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَإِذَا عَامَّةٌ مَنْ دَخَلَهَا الْمَسَاكِينُ وَأَصْحَابُ الْجَدِ مَحْبُوسُونَ غَيْرَ أَنْ أَصْحَابَ النَّارِ قَدْ أَمِرَ بِهِمْ إِلَى النَّارِ وَقُمْتُ عَلَى بَابِ النَّارِ

فَإِذَا عَامَّةٌ مَنْ دَخَلَهَا النِّسَاءُ – متفق عليه. والجد بفتح الجيمِ الْحَظُ وَالْغَنِي وَقَوْلُهُ مَحْبُوسُونَ أَي لَمْ يُؤْذَنَ لَهُمْ بَعْدُ فِي دَخُولِ الْجَنَّةِ .

258. Narrated by Usamah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: I stood at the gate of Paradise—on the night of the Mi’raj—and most of those entering it were the poor and destitute. The wealthy had not yet been permitted to enter Paradise. The people of Hell had already been commanded to be taken to Hell. I stood at the gate of Hell, and most of those entering it were women.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٥٩ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمُ فِي الْمَهْدِ إِلا ثَلَاثَةٌ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَصَاحِبُ جُرَيْجٍ وَكَانَ جُرَيْجٍ رَجُلاً عَابِدا فَاتَّخَذَ صَوَمَعَةً فَكَانَ فِيهَا فَأَتَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فَقَالَتْ يَا

جُرَيْجُ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَمِّي وَصَلَاتِي فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى صَلَاتِهِ فَانْصَرَفَتْ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ أَتَتْهُ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّى فَقَالَتْ يَا جُرَيْجُ فَقَالَ أَيْ رَبِّ أَمِّي وَصَلَاتِي فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى صَلَاتِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ أَتَتْهُ وَهُوَ يُصَلَّى فَقَالَتْ يَا جُرَيْجُ فَقَالَ أَيْ

رَبِّ أَمِّي وَصَلَاتِي فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى صَلاتِه فَقَالَتْ اللهم لا تُمِتَهُ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ إِلَى وُجُوهِ الْمُؤْمِسَاتِ فَتَذَاكَرَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ جُرَيْجًا وَعِبَادَتَهُ وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً بَغِى يَتَمَثْلُ بِحُسْنِهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ لَأَفْتِنَنَّهُ فَتَعَرَّضَتْ لَهُ فَلَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ إِلَيْهَا

فَأَتَتْ رَاعِيًا كَانَ يَأْوِى إِلَى صَوْمَعَتِهِ فَأَمْكَنَتْهُ مِنْ نَفْسِهَا فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَحَمَلَتْ فَلَمَّا وَلَدَتْ قَالَتْ هُوَ مِنْ جُرَيْجٍ فَاتَوُهُ فَاسْتَنْزَلُوهُ وَهَدَمُوا صَوْمَعَتَهُ وَجَعَلُوا يَضْرِبُونَهُ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكُمْ؟ قَالُوا زَنَيْتَ بِهَذِهِ الْبَغِيِّ فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْكَ قَالَ أَيْنَ

الصَّبِيُّ؟ فَجَامُوا بِهِ فَقَالَ دَعُونِي حَتَّى أُصَلِّي فَصَلَّى فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ أتَى الصَّبِيُّ فَطَعَنَ فِي بَطْنِهِ وَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ مَنْ أبُوكَ؟ قَالَ فُلأَنَّ الرَّاعِي فَأَقْبَلُوا عَلَى جُرَيْجٍ يُقَبِّلُونَهُ وَيَتَمَسْحُونَ بِهِ وَقَالُوا نَبْنِي لكَ صَوْمَعَتَكَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ قَالَ

لَا أَعِيدُوهَا مِنْ طِينٍ كَمَا كَانَتْ فَفَعَلُوا وَبَيْنَا صَبِي يَرْضَعُ مِنْ أُمِّهِ فَمَرَّ رَجُلٌ رَاكِبٌ عَلَى دَابَّةٍ قَارِهَةٍ وَشَارَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ فَقَالَتْ أُمُّهُ اللَّهُمْ اجْعَلِ ابْنِي مِثْلَ هَذَا فَتَرَكَ النَّدَى وَأَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمْ لَا تَجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهُ ثُمَّ

أَقْبَلَ عَلَى ثَدْيِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَرْتَضِعُ فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَحْكى ارْتَضَاعَهُ بِأَصْبَعِهِ السَّبَابَةِ فِي فِيهِ فَجَعَلَ يَمُصُّهَا قَالَ وَمَرُّوا بِحَارِيَةٍ وَهُمْ يَضْرِبُونَهَا وَيَقُولُونَ زَنَيْتِ سَرَقْتِ وَهِيَ تَقُولُ حَسْبِيَ

اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ فَقَالَتْ أُمُّهُ اللهُمْ لَا تَجْعَلْ ابْنِي مِثْلَهَا فَتَرَكَ الرَّضَاعَ وَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهَا فَهُنَالِكَ تَرَاجَعَا الْحَدِيث فَقَالَتْ مَرَّ رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الْهَيْئَةِ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ ابْنِي مِثْلَهُ فَقُلْتَ اللهُمُ لا تَجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهُ

وَمَرُّوا بِهَذِهِ الْآمَةِ وَهُمْ يَضْرِبُونَهَا وَيَقُولُونَ زَنَيْتِ سَرَقْتِ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَجْعَلْ ابْنِي مِثْلَهَا فَقُلْتَ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهَا ؟ قَالَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ جَبَّارًا فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُمْ لَا تَجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهُ وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ يَقُولُونَ لَهَا زَنَيْتِ وَلَمْ تَزْنِ

وَسَرَقْتِ وَلَمْ تَسْرِقُ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُم اجْعَلْنِي مِثْلَهَا – متفق عليه الْمُؤْمِسَاتُ بِضَمِّ الْمِيمِ الْأُولَى وَإِسْكَانِ الْوَاوِ وكسر المِيمِ الثَّانِيَةِ وَبِالسِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَهُنَّ الزَّوَانِي وَالْمُؤْمِسَةُ الزَّانِيَةُ وَقَوْلُهُ دَابَّةٌ فَارِهَةٌ بِالْقَاءِ أَي حَاذِقَةٌ

نَفِيسَةٌ وَالشَّارَةُ بِالشَّيْنِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَتَخْفِيفِ الرَّاءِ وَهِيَ الْجَمَالُ الظَّاهِرُ فِي الْهَيْئَةِ وَالْمَلْبَسِ وَمَعْنَى تَرَاجَعَا الْحَدِيثَ أَيْ حَدَّثَتِ الصَّبِيِّ وَحَدَّثَهَا وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .

259. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: No one spoke in the cradle except three people among the Children of Israel: (1) Jesus son of Mary and (2) the companion of Jurayj [that is, a child associated with Jurayj]. Jurayj was a devout worshipper. He built a monastery for himself and stayed there. His mother came there while he was engaged in prayer. His mother called, “O Jurayj!” He said to himself, “O Lord, my mother and my prayer.” Jurayj remained engaged in prayer, and his mother left. The next day his mother came again, while he was also absorbed in prayer. She called him, “O Jurayj!” He said to himself, “O Lord, my mother and my prayer,” and remained engaged in prayer. The following day, too, his mother saw him engaged in prayer. She called him, and Jurayj said, “O Lord, my mother and my prayer.” He remained occupied with his prayer. His mother said, “O Allah, do not let him die until he sees the face of an adulterous woman.”

Among the Children of Israel, discussion began about Jurayj and his worship. There was an adulterous woman who possessed great beauty. She said, “If you wish, I can mislead him.” She tried to seduce him, but he paid no attention to her. Then she went to a shepherd in the area near his monastery. She offered herself to him, and the two of them committed adultery. As a result, she became pregnant. After giving birth, she said, “This is Jurayj’s child.” The Children of Israel came to him in anger, brought him out of the monastery, destroyed it, and began beating him. Jurayj said, “What is the matter with you?” They said, “You committed adultery with this prostitute, and a child was born as a result.” He said, “Where is the child?” They brought the child to him. Jurayj said, “Give me a little time so that I may pray.” He prayed, and after completing the prayer, he went to the child, poked him in the stomach, and asked, “O child, who is your father?” He replied, “My father is so-and-so the shepherd.” The people present then turned toward Jurayj and began kissing him. They said, “Now we shall build your monastery out of gold.” He said, “No need; rebuild it out of clay as it was before.” So they rebuilt his monastery.

(3) A child was nursing at his mother’s breast. At that moment, a man passed by riding a swift, fine-quality animal. His clothing and appearance were also fine. The child’s mother said, “O Allah, make my son like this man.” The child stopped nursing, looked at the man, and then said, “O Allah, do not make me like this man.” (The narrator said,) “It is as if I can still see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) portraying the child’s nursing, putting his index finger in his mouth and sucking it.” He (the Prophet) said: People were taking a slave girl along while beating her and saying, “You have committed adultery and stolen.” The woman was saying, “Allah is sufficient for me, and He is the best guardian.” The child’s mother said, “O Allah, do not make my child like this misguided woman.” The child stopped nursing, looked at the woman, and then said, “O Allah, make me like this woman.”

At that point, the mother and child began arguing. The mother said, “When a well-built and handsome man passed by, I said, ‘O Allah, make my child like him,’ but you replied, ‘O Allah, do not make me like him.’ Again, people were taking this slave girl along while beating her and saying, ‘You have committed adultery and stolen.’ I said, ‘O Allah, do not make my child like her,’ and you said, ‘O Allah, make me like her.’” The child then replied, “The first man was a tyrannical oppressor. That is why I said, ‘O Allah, do not make me like him.’ As for this woman, they said to her, ‘You have committed adultery,’ although she had not. They said, ‘You have stolen,’ although she had not. That is why I said, ‘O Allah, make me like this woman.’

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Section 33: Treating orphans, daughters, and the weak, destitute, and afflicted with gentleness and kindness

Treating orphans, daughters, and the weak, destitute, and afflicted with gentleness and kindness.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : لا تَمُدْنٌ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ وَلَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَاخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ .

The Exalted Allah says:

“Do not fix your eyes on the worldly possessions We have bestowed upon various groups among them, nor grieve over their condition. Lower your wing of mercy for the believers.” (Surah al-Hijr: 88)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَلَا تَعْدُ عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْ تُرِيدُ زِينَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا

“Keep yourself steadfast in the company of those who call upon their Lord morning and evening, seeking His pleasure. Do not let your eyes turn away from them, desiring the adornment of the worldly life.” (Surah al-Kahf: 28)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرُ . وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ .

“Therefore, do not treat the orphan harshly, and do not rebuke the petitioner.” (Surah al-Duha: 9–10)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ . فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُ الْيَتِيمَ ، وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَى طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ .

“Have you seen those who deny the recompense of the Day of Resurrection? They are the ones who drive away the orphan and do not encourage feeding the needy.” (Surah al-Ma’un: 1–3)

٢٦٠ – عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَاصِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سِتَّةَ نَفَرٍ فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَطْرُهُ هَؤُلَاءِ لا يَجْتَرِئُونَ عَلَيْنَا وَكُنْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ

وَبِلَالٌ وَرَجُلَانِ لَسْتُ أسَمِّيْهِمَا فَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُقَعَ فَحَدَّثَ نَفْسَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَا تَطْرُدِ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُوْنَ رَبُّهُمْ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ… رواه مسلم .

260. Narrated from Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: We were six men with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The polytheists said to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), “Drive these people away from you. Otherwise, they will presume themselves superior to us.” We six were: myself, Ibn Mas’ud, a man from Hudhayl, Bilal, and two other men whose names I do not remember. Something arose in the heart of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) by Allah’s will, so he began thinking about it inwardly. In the meantime, Allah Most High revealed: “Do not drive away those who call upon their Lord morning and evening, seeking His pleasure.”

You are not responsible for their account in anything, nor are they responsible for your account in anything. Yet if you drive them away, you will indeed be among the wrongdoers.” (Surah al-An’am: 52)

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٦١ – عَنْ أَبِي هُبَيْرَةَ عَائِدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْمُزَنِي وَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضْوَانِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ أَتَى عَلَى سَلْمَانَ وَصُهَيْبٌ وَبِلَالٍ فِي نَفَرٍ فَقَالُوا مَا أَخَذَتْ سُيُوفُ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَدُوٌّ اللَّهِ مَأْخَذَهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ

عَنْهُ أَتَقُوْلُوْنَ هذَا لِشَيْخِ قُرَيْشٍ وَسَيِّدِهِمْ ؟ فَأَتَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَعَلَّكَ أَغْضَبْتَهُمْ لَئِنْ كُنْتَ أَغْضَبْتَهُمْ لَقَدْ أَغْضَبْتَ رَبِّكَ فَأَتَاهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا اخْوَتَاهُ أَغْضَبْتُكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا لَا يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لَكَ يَا أَخَى –

رواه مسلم. قَوْلُهُ مَأْخَذَهَا أَي لَمْ تَسْتَوْفِ حَقَّهَا مِنْهُ وَقَوْلُهُ يَا أَخَى روى بِفَتْحِ الْهَمْزَةِ وَكَسْرِ الْخَاءِ وَتَخْفِيفِ الْيَاءِ وَرُوِيَ بِضَمِّ الْهَمْزَةِ وَفَتْحِ الْخَاءِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْيَاءِ …

261. Narrated from Abu Hubayrah ‘A’id ibn ‘Amr al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him). He was one of the Companions who took part in the Pledge of Ridwan. Once Abu Sufyan came with some people to Salman al-Farsi (may Allah be pleased with him), Suhayb al-Rumi (may Allah be pleased with him), and Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him). They said, “The swords of Allah have not exacted their due from the enemies of Allah.” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Are you saying this to the shaykh of Quraysh and their leader?” He then went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and informed him of this. He said, “O Abu Bakr, perhaps you have angered them. If you have angered them, you have angered your Lord.” He returned to them and said, “O my brothers, have I angered you?” They said, “No, brother. May Allah forgive you.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.”

٢٦٢ – عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَا وَكَافِلُ الْيَتِيمِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ هَكَذَا وَأَشَارَ بِالسَّبَابَةِ وَالْوُسْطَى وَفَرِّجَ بَيْنَهُما – رواه البخارى كَافِلُ الْيَتِيمِ الْقَائِمُ بِأَمُورِهِ .

262. Narrated from Sahl ibn Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “I and the one who cares for an orphan will be together in Paradise like this.” He then gestured with his index and middle fingers and held them slightly apart.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

٢٦٣ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَافِلُ الْيَتِيمِ لَهُ وَلِغَيْرِهِ أَنَا وَهُوَ كَهَاتَيْنِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَأَشَارَ الرَّاوِي وَهُوَ مَالِكُ بْنُ انس بالسبابة والوسطى – رواه مسلم . قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ

عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْيَتِيمُ لَهُ أَوْ لِغَيْرِهِ مَعْنَاهُ قَرِيبُهُ أَوِ الْأَجْنَبِيُّ مِنْهُ فَالْقَرِيبُ مِثْلُ أَنْ تَكْفُلَهُ أُمُّهُ أَوْ جَدُّهُ أَوْ أَخُوهُ أَوْ غَيْرُهُمْ مِنْ قَرَابَتِهِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .

263. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whether the person who cares for an orphan is a relative or someone else, I and he will be together in Paradise like this.” Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him)

While narrating the hadith, he gestured with his index and middle fingers, explaining the matter.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٦٤ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي تردُّهُ التَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ وَلَا اللَّقْمَةُ واللُّقَمَتَانِ إِنَّمَا المِسْكِينُ الَّذِي يَتَعَفَّفُ متفق عليه وفي رواية في الصَّحِيحَيْنِ لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي يَطُوفُ

عَلَى النَّاسِ تَرُدُّهُ اللقْمَةُ وَالتَّقْمَتَانِ وَالتَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ وَلَكِنَّ الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي لَا يَجِدُ عَنِّى يُغْنِيهِ وَلَا يُفْطَنُ بِهِ فَيُتَصَدِّقَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَا يَقُوْمُ فَيَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ .

264. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The person who is given one or two dates, or one or two mouthfuls of food, is not the needy person”—that is, the one who holds out his hand to people for something very little. “Rather, the needy person is the one who is afflicted by poverty yet does not ask others for help.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration in the two Sahih collections states: “The needy person is not the one who goes from door to door asking people for one or two handfuls of food or one or two dates, and then leaves when he is given them. The truly needy person is one who does not have sufficient means to meet his needs, yet is not recognized as needy so that people may give him charity, and does not beg from people.”

٢٦٥ – وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ السَّاعِى عَلَى الْأَرْمَلَةِ والْمِسْكِينِ كَالْمُجَاهِدِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَأَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ وَكَالْقَائِمِ الَّذِي لَا يَفْتُرُ وكالصائم الذي لا يُقطر – متفق عليه .

265. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The one who strives to help widows, the elderly, and the needy is like the one who strives in the way of Allah.” (The narrator said,) “I think he also said: He is like one who continually performs prayer and one who constantly fasts.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٦٦ – وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ شَرُّ الطَّعَامِ طَعَامُ الْوَلِيمَةِ يُمْنَعُهَا مَنْ يَأْتِيْهَا وَيُدْعَى إِلَيْهَا مَنْ يَأْبَاهَا وَمَنْ لَمْ يُجِبِ الدَّعْوَةَ فَقَدْ عَصَى اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ – رواه مسلم وفي رواية في الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي

هُرَيْرَةَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ بِئْسَ الطَّعَامُ طَعَامُ الْوَلِيمَةِ يُدعى اليْهَا الْأَغْنِيَاء وَيُتْرَكَ الْفُقَرَاء .

266. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The worst food is the food of a wedding feast: those who come to it are prevented from attending, while those who are unwilling to come are invited. Whoever does not accept the invitation has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In a hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah in the two Sahih collections, it states: “The worst wedding feast is one to which the wealthy are invited and the poor are left out.”

٢٦٧ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ عَالَ جَارِيَتَيْنِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَا جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَنَا وَهُوَ كَهَاتَيْنِ وَضَمْ أَصَابِعَهُ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَجَارِيَتَيْنِ أَي بِنْتَيْنِ.

267. Narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever raises two girls until they reach maturity will come on the Day of Resurrection with me and him together like this.” He brought his fingers together to demonstrate.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٦٨ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ دَخَلَتْ عَلَى امْرَأَةٌ وَمَعَهَا ابْنَتَانِ لَهَا تَسْأَلُ فَلَمْ تَجِدُ عِنْدِي شَيْئًا غَيْرَ تَمْرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَأَعْطَيْتُهَا إِيَّاهَا فَقَسَمَتْهَا بَيْنَ ابْنَتَيْهَا وَلَمْ تَأْكُلَ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ قَامَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ

عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْنَا فَاخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْبَنَاتِ بِشَيْءٍ فَأَحْسَنَ اليْهِنَّ كُنَّ لَهُ سِتْرًا مِّنَ النار – متفق عليه.

268. Narrated from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: A woman came to me with her two daughters and asked for something, but I had nothing except one date. I gave it to her. She divided the date between her two daughters and did not eat any of it herself; then she got up and left. When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to us, I informed him about it. He said: “Whoever is tested through these daughters and treats them well, they will be a shield for him from the Fire of Hell.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٦٩ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَتْ جَاءَتْنِي مِسْكِينَةٌ تَحْمِلُ ابْنَتَيْنِ لَهَا فَأَطْعَمْتُهَا ثَلاثَ تَمَرَاتِ فَأَعْطَتْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا تَمْرَةً وَرَفَعَتْ إِلَى فِيْهَا تَمْرَةٌ لِتَأْكُلَهَا فَاسْتَطْعَمَتُهَا ابْنَتَاهَا فَشَقَت التَّمْرَةَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُرِيدُ أَنْ

تَأْكُلَهَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَاعْجَبَنِي شَأْنُهَا فَذَكَرْتُ الَّذِي صَنَعَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَوْجَبَ لَهَا بِهَا الْجَنَّةَ أَوْ أَعْتَقَهَا بِهَا مِنَ النَّارِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٍ

269. Narrated from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: A poor woman came to me with her two daughters. I gave them three dates to eat. She gave one date to each of her daughters and raised one date to her mouth to eat herself. But her daughters asked her for it, so she split the date she had intended to eat between them. (Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said,) “I was amazed by what she did. I mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he said: ‘For this, Allah has made Paradise obligatory for her—or has freed her from the Fire.’”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۷۰ – عَنْ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ خُوَيْلِدِ بْنِ عَمْرُو الْخَزَاعِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَحَرِّجُ حَقَّ الضَّعِيفَيْنِ الْيَتِيمِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ حَدِيثُ حَسَن رَوَاهُ النِّسَائِي بِإِسْنَادِ جَيْدٍ وَمَعْنَى أَحَرِّجُ الْحَقُّ الْحَرَجَ

وَهُوَ الْإِثْمُ بِمَنْ ضَيْعَ حَقَّهُمَا وَأَحَذِرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ تَحْذِيرًا بَلِيْنَا وَأَزْجُرُ عَنْهُ زَجْرًا اكيداً .

270. Narrated from Abu Shurayh Khuwailid ibn ‘Amr al-Khuza’i (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “O Allah, I declare it sinful and unjust for anyone to violate the rights of the two vulnerable ones: the orphan and the woman.”

This is a hasan hadith. Imam al-Nasa’i narrated it with a sound chain of transmission.

۲۷۱ – عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ رَأَى سَعْدٌ أَنْ لَهُ فَضْلاً عَلَى مَنْ دُونَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَلْ تُنْصَرُونَ وَتُرْزَقُوْنَ الا بِضُعَفَائِكُمْ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ هَكَذَا مُرْسَلاً فَإِنْ مُصْعَبَ بْنَ

سَعْدٍ تَابِعِي رَوَاهُ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو بَكْرِ الْبَرْقَانِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِ مُتصلاً عَنْ مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ أَبِيْهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ.

271. Narrated from Mus’ab ibn Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with them). He said: Sa’d thought that he possessed superiority over others. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: You receive help and provision only through your weak ones.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated it from Mus’ab ibn Sa’d as a mursal hadith, since he (Mus’ab) was a Tabi’i. Hafiz Abu Bakr al-Barqani narrated it in his Sahih as a connected hadith, meaning that Mus’ab narrated it from his father.

۲۷۲ – عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ عُوَيْمَرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ ابْغُونِي فِي الضُّعَفَاءِ فَإِنَّمَا تُنْصَرُونَ وَتُرْزَقُونَ بِضُعَفَائِكُمْ – رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ بِإِسْنَادِ جَيْدٌ .

272. Narrated from Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: Seek my pleasure among the poor and weak, for you receive help and provision through your weak ones.

Imam Abu Dawud narrated this hadith with a good chain of transmission.

Chapter 34: Treating Women Well

Treating women well.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ .

The Most High Allah says:

“And live with them in kindness.” (Surah al-Nisa: 19)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَلَنْ تَسْتَطِيعُوا أَنْ تَعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ النِّسَاء وَلَوْ حَرَصْتُمْ فَلَا تَمِيلُوا كُلَّ الْمَيْلِ فَتَذَرُوهَا كَالْمُعَلَّقَةِ وَإِنْ تُصْلِحُوا وَتَتَّقُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَحِيمًا .

“You will never be able to deal equally between women, even if you strive to do so. So do not incline completely toward one, leaving another suspended. If you reconcile your affairs and fear Allah, then surely Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Surah al-Nisa: 129)

۲۷۳ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم اسْتَوْصُوا بِالنِّسَاءِ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ خُلِقَتْ مِنْ ضِلَعِ وَإِنْ أَعْوَجَ مَا فِي الضَّلَعِ أَعْلاهُ فَإِنْ ذَهَبْتَ تُقِيمُهُ كَسَرْتَهُ وَإِن تَرَكْتَهُ لَمْ يَزَلَ أَعْوَجَ

فَاسْتَوْصُوا بِالنِّسَاءِ. متفق عليهوفِي رِوَايَةٍ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ الْمَرْأَةُ كَالضَّلَعِ إِنْ أَقَمْتَهَا كَسَرْتَهَا وَإِنِ اسْتَمْتَعْتَ بِهَا اسْتَمْتَعْتَ وَفِيهَا عَوَجٌ. وَفِي رِوَايَة لِمُسْلِمِ إِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ خُلِقَتْ مِنْ ضلع لَنْ تَسْتَقِيمَ لَكَ عَلَى طَرِيقَةٍ فَانِ

اسْتَمْتَعْتَ بِهَا اسْتَمْتَعْتَ بِهَا وَفِيْهَا عَوَجٌ وَإِنْ ذَهَبْتَ تُقِيمُهَا كَسَرْتَهَا وَكَسْرُهَا طلاقها – قَوْلُهُ عَوَجٌ هُوَ بِفَتْحِ الْعَيْنِ وَالْوَاوِ .

273. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Learn from me to treat women well. For woman was created from a crooked rib, and the upper part of the ribs is the most crooked. Therefore, if you try to straighten it, you are likely to break it; and if you leave it, it will remain crooked. So treat women well.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration in their two Sahih collections states: Women are like a crooked rib. If you try to straighten it, you will break it. Therefore, if you wish to benefit from her, benefit from her while she is in this crooked state. Another narration by Muslim states: Women were created from a rib; she will never become straight for you in any way. If you wish to benefit from her, benefit from her while she is in this crooked state, but if you try to straighten her, you will break her. Breaking her means divorcing her.

٢٧٤ – عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَمْعَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ وَذَكَرَ النَّاقَةَ وَالَّذِي عَقَرَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذِ انْبَعَثَ أَشْقَاهَا انْبَعَثَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ عَزِيزٌ عَارِمٌ مَنِيعٌ فِي رَهْطِهِ

ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ النِّسَاءَ فَوَعَظَ فِيهِنَّ فَقَالَ يَعْمِدُ أَحَدُكُمْ فَيَجْلِدُ امْرَأَتَهُ جَلْدَ الْعَبْدِ فَلَعَلَهُ يُضَاجِعُهَا مِنْ أَخِرٍ يَوْمِهِ ثُمَّ وَعَظَهُمْ فِي ضَحِكِهِمْ مِنَ الضَّرْطَةِ وَقَالَ لِمَ يَضْحَكُ أَحَدُكُمْ مِمَّا يَفْعَلُ؟ متفق عليه. وَالْعَارِمُ بِالْعَيْنِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَالرَّاءِ

هُوَ الشَّرِيرُ الْمُفْسِدُ وَقَوْلُهُ اتَّبَعَثَ أَى قَامَ بِسُرْعَةٍ .

274. Narrated from Abdullah ibn Zam’ah (may Allah be pleased with him). He heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) delivering a sermon. He mentioned the she-camel and the man who hamstrung it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “When their most wretched one was sent forth.” That is, a great chief of the Thamud, an extremely wicked and powerful man, rose with exuberance and frenzy to kill the she-camel [This refers to the she-camel of Salih (peace be upon him), the prophet of the Thamud. It was a miracle from Allah for him. In the Qur’an it is called ‘Allah’s she-camel.’ He had warned his people beforehand that if it were harmed, they would be destroyed by a severe punishment. When they ignored this warning and killed the she-camel, they were destroyed by a mighty and terrible blast]. (In his sermon, the Prophet) mentioned women and admonished them concerning them. He said: One of you sets about beating his wife and beats her as a slave-girl is beaten, then at the end of the day he lies with her (has intercourse with her—how ungrateful!). Then he admonished them concerning their laughter at passing wind. He said: Why would any one of you laugh at something that he himself does?

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

٢٧٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لا يَفْرَكُ مُؤْمِنٌ مُؤْمِنَةٌ إِنْ كَرِهَ مِنْهَا خُلْقًا رَضِيَ مِنْهَا أَخَرَ أَوْ قَالَ غَيْرَهُ – رواه مسلم. وَقَوْلُهُ يَفْرَكْ هُوَ بِفَتْحِ الْيَاءِ وَإِسْكَانِ الْفَاءِ وَفَتْحِ الرَّاءِ مَعْنَاهُ

يُبْغِضُ يُقَالُ فَرَكَتِ الْمَرأَةُ زَوْجَهَا وَفَرَكَهَا زَوْجُهَا بِكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ يَفْرَكُهَا بِفَتْحِهَا أَوْ أَبْغَضَهَا -والله اعلم .

275. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: No Muslim man should hate, despise, or be hostile toward a Muslim woman. If he dislikes one of her qualities, he will be pleased with another—or he said something similar [Hadith narrators use such expressions out of greater fear of Allah and conscientiousness regarding the authenticity of the hadith].

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٧٦ – عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْأَحْوَصِ الْجُسْمِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ يَقُولُ بَعْدَ أَنْ حَمِدَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَاثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَذَكَرَ وَوَعَظَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا وَاسْتَوْصُوا بِالنِّسَاءِ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّمَا هُنَّ عَوَانٌ

عِنْدَكُمْ لَيْسَ تَمْلِكُونَ مِنْهُنَّ شَيْئًا غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَن يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ فَإِنْ فَعَلْنَ فَاهْجُرُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ وَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ ضَرْبًا غَيْرَ مُبَرِّحٍ فَإِنْ أَطَعْنَكُمْ فَلَا تَبْغُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ سبيلاً أَلا إِنَّ لَكُمْ عَلَى نِسَائِكُمْ حَقًّا وَلِنِسَائِكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ

حَقًّا فَحَقُكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ أَنْ لا يُوطِينَ فُرُشَكُمْ مَنْ تَكْرَهُونَ وَلَا يَأْذَنْ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ لِمَنْ تَكْرَهُونَ أَلَا وَحَقَّهُنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تُحْسِنُوا إِلَيْهِنَّ فِي كِسْوَتِهِنَّ وَطَعَامِهِنَّ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثُ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

عَوَانٌ أَنْ أَسِيْرَاتٌ جَمْعُ عَانِيَةٍ بِالْعَيْنِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَهِيَ الْأَسِيرَةُ وَالْعَانِي الْأَسِيرُ شَبَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَرْأَةَ فِي دُخُولِهَا تَحْتَ حُكم الزوج بِالْأَسِيرِ وَالضَّرْبُ المُبَرِّحُ هُوَ الشَّاقُ الشَّدِيدُ وَقَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ

وَسَلَّمَ فَلا تَبْغُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ سَبِيلاً أَي لَا تَطْلُبُوا وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ . طرِيقًا تَحْتَجُوْنَ بِهِ عَلَيْهِنَّ وَتُؤْذُونَهُنَّ بِهِ وَا

276. Narrated from Amr ibn al-Ahwas al-Jushami (may Allah be pleased with him). He heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say in the sermon of the Farewell Hajj: He praised and glorified Allah, admonished the people, and said: Treat women well, for they are under your care. You have no rights over them beyond enjoying their companionship and managing the household, except if they commit an evident immoral act. If they do so, separate them from your beds and beat them, but not severely. If they obey you, do not seek any means against them to cause them harm. Beware! Just as you have rights over your wives, they also have rights over you. Your right over them is that they should not defile your beds with people you dislike, nor permit anyone you dislike to enter your homes. Their right over you is that you provide them with good food and clothing.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said that it is hasan and sahih.

Word meanings: The words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him):عوانIt is a plural word meaning prisoners or captives. He compared the condition of a wife being under her husband’s authority to that of a captive.الضرب المبرحIt means severe beating.فلا تبغوا عليهن سبيلاًThat is, do not adopt any way or means by which they would suffer or continue to endure hardship.

۲۷۷- عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حَيْدَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا حَقُّ زَوْجَة أَحَدَنَا عَلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ أنْ تُطعمها اذا طعمت وَتَكْسُوهَا إِذَا اكْتَسَيْتَ وَلَا تَضْرِبِ الْوَجْهَ وَلَا تُقَبِّحُ وَلَا تَهْجُرُ إِلا فِي الْبَيْتِ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ

وَقَالَ مَعْنَى لَا تُقَبِّحُ لَا تَقُلْ قَبْحَكِ اللَّهُ .

277. Narrated from Mu’awiyah ibn Haydah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I asked, “O Messenger of Allah, what right does the wife of one of us have over him?” He said: Feed her when you eat, clothe her when you clothe yourself, do not strike her face, do not revile her, and do not separate from her except within the house [Here, “within the house” means the bed; that is, a separate bed may be arranged as a disciplinary measure].

This is a hasan hadith, and Imam Abu Dawud narrated it.

۲۷۸ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم أَكْمَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِيْمَانًا أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلْقًا وَخِيَارُكُمْ خَيَارُكُمْ لِنِسَائِهِمْ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثُ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

278. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The believer who has the finest character and conduct is the most complete in faith. The best among you are those who are best to their wives.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said that it is hasan and sahih.

۲۷۹ – عَنْ آيَاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي ذُبَابٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تَضْرِبُوا إِمَاءَ اللهِ فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ ذَئِرْنَ النِّسَاءُ عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ

فَرَخْصَ فِي ضَرْبِهِنَّ فَأَطَافَ بال رَسُولِ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِسَاءٌ كَثِيرٌ يَشْكُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَقَدْ أَطَافَ بِالِ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ نِسَاءٌ كَثِيرٌ يَشْكُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ لَيْسَ أُولَئِكَ بِخِيَارِكُمْ – رواه ابو

داود باشنَادٍ صَحِيحِ ، قَوْلُهُ ذَئِرْنَ هُوَ بذال مُعْجَمَةٍ مَفْتُوحَةٍ ثُمَّ هَمْزَةٍ مَكْسُورَةٍ ثُمَّ رَاء سَاكِنَةٍ ثُمَّ نُونٍ أَى اجْتَرَانَ وَقَوْلُهُ أطاف أي أحاط.

279. Narrated from Iyas ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Do not beat the female servants of Allah (women). Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said, “Women have become defiant toward their husbands.” He then permitted them to be beaten. Consequently, many women came to the family of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) complaining about their husbands. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Many women have come to the family of Muhammad complaining about their husbands. Such men are certainly not the best among you.

Imam Abu Dawud narrated this hadith with an authentic chain of transmission.

۲۸۰ – عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهُ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الدُّنْيَا مَتَاعٌ وَخَيْرُ مَتَاعِهَا الْمَرْأَةُ الصَّالِحَةُ – رواه مسلم .

280. Narrated from Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with them). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The whole world is a provision, and the best provision of the world is a righteous wife.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Chapter 35: A Wife’s Duties Toward Her Husband

A wife’s duties toward her husband.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : الرِّجَالُ قَوَّامُونَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ بِمَا فَضْلَ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وبِمَا أَنْفَقُوا مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ فَالصَّالِحَاتُ قَانِتَاتٌ حَافِظَاتٌ لِلْغَيْبِ بِمَا حَفِظَ اللَّهُ .

The Most High Allah says:

“Men are in charge of women because Allah has given some of them superiority over others and because they spend from their wealth. So righteous women are devoutly obedient and, in the absence of their husbands, protect what Allah has entrusted to them. (Surah al-Nisa: 34)

وأما الْأَحَادِيثُ فَمِنْهَا حَدِيثُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْأَحْوَصِ السَّابِقُ فِي الْبَابِ قَبْلَهُ : ۲۸۱ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم إِذَا دَعَا الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ إِلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَلَمْ تَأْتِهِ فَبَاتَ غَضْبَانَ عَلَيْهَا

لَعَنَتْهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ حَتَّى تُصْبِحَ متفق عليه. وفي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُمَا إِذَا بَاتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ هَاجِرَةٌ فراش زَوْجِهَا لَعَنَتْهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ حَتَّى تُصْبِحَ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا مِنْ رُجُلٍ يَدْعُو إِمْرَأَتَهُ

إِلَى فِرَاشِهَا فَتَأْبَى عَلَيْهِ الأَ كَانَ الَّذِي فِي السَّمَاءِ سَاخِطًا عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى يَرْضَى عَنْهَا

281. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: When a man calls his wife to his bed but she does not come, and he spends the night angry with her, the angels continue to curse her until morning.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Another narration by both of them states: When a woman spends the night abandoning her husband’s bed, the angels continue to curse her until morning. Another narration states that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: By the One in whose hand is my soul, whenever a man calls his wife to his bed and she refuses him, the One who is in heaven remains displeased with her until her husband is pleased with her.

۲۸۲ – وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَيْضًا أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَحِلُّ لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَصُومَ وَزَوْجُهَا شَاهِدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ وَلَا تَأْذَنَ فِي بَيْتِهِ الا باذنه متفق عليه وَهُذَا لَفْظُ الْبُخَارِيِّ .

282. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: It is not lawful for a woman to fast (a voluntary fast) while her husband is present without his permission. Nor is it lawful for her to allow anyone else to enter his house without his permission.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. However, the original wording is from Sahih al-Bukhari.

۲۸۳ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ كلكم راع وكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ وَالْأَمِيرُ رَاعٍ وَالرَّجُلُ رَاعٍ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ والْمَرْأَةُ رَعِيَّةٌ عَلَى بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا وَوَلَدِهِ فَكُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ

عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ متفق عليه .

283. Narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Each of you is a caretaker, and each of you will be questioned about those under your care. The ruler is a caretaker, and the man is a caretaker of his household. The woman is a caretaker of her husband’s home and children. Thus, each of you is a caretaker, and each of you will be questioned about those under your care.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٨٤ – عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيَّ طَلْقٍ بْنِ عَلِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا دَعَا الرَّجُلُ زَوْجَتَهُ لِحَاجَتِهِ فَلْتَأْتِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَى التَّنُّورِ. رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَالنِّسَائِي وَقَالَ التَّرْمِذِى حَدِيْثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

284. Narrated from Abu Ali Talq ibn Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: When a husband calls his wife for his need, she should come to him immediately, even if she is by the oven.

Imam al-Tirmidhi and Imam al-Nasa’i narrated this hadith. Al-Tirmidhi said that it is hasan and sahih.

٢٨٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَوْ كنتُ أمرا احدا أنْ يَسْجُدَ لِأَحَدٍ لَأَمَرْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

285. Narrated from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

If I were to command anyone to prostrate to another, I would command a wife to prostrate to her husband.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said that it is hasan and sahih.

٢٨٦ – عَنْ أَمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ وَزَوْجُهَا عَنْهَا رَاضِ دَخَلَتِ الْجَنَّةَ . رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

286. Narrated from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If a woman dies while her husband is pleased with her, she will enter Paradise.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said: This is a hasan hadith.

۲۸۷ – عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لا تُؤْذِي امْرَأَةً زَوْجَهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا قَالَتْ زَوْجَتُهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعَيْنِ لَا تُؤْذِيهِ قَاتَلَكَ اللهُ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ عِنْدَكَ دَخِيلٌ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يُفَارِقَكَ الَيْنَا – رَوَاهُ

التَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.

287. Narrated from Mu’adh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whenever a woman causes her husband distress in this world, the houri who will be his wife among the wide-eyed maidens of Paradise says: Do not cause him distress. May Allah destroy you! He is only a guest with you, and soon he will leave you and come to us.

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said: This is a hasan hadith.

۲۸۸ – عَنْ أَسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا تَرَكْتُ بَعْدِى فِتْنَةٌ هِيَ أَضَرُّ عَلَى الرِّجَالِ مِنَ النِّسَاء – متفق عليه .

288. Narrated from Usamah ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with them both). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: After me, I have not left any tribulation more harmful to men than women.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Section 36 — Providing for one’s family and dependents

Providing for one’s family and dependents.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“The father of the child shall provide for the mothers’ food and clothing in a fair manner.” (Surah al-Baqarah: 233)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : لِيُنْفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِنْ سَعَتِهِ وَمَنْ قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْيُنْفِقْ مِمَّا آتَاهُ اللهُ لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا مَا أَتَاهَا

“Let the affluent man spend according to his means, and the one whose provision has been restricted, let him spend from what Allah has given him. Allah does not burden any soul beyond what He has given it. It may be that Allah will grant abundance after hardship.” (Surah al-Talaq: 7)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَا أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهُ.

“Whatever you spend, He will replace it.” (Surah Saba: 39)

۲۸۹ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دِيْنَارٌ انْفَقْتَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَدِيْنَارٌ أَنْفَقْتَهُ فِي رَقَبَةٍ وَدِيْنَارٌ تَصَدِّقْتَ بِهِ على مشكين وَدِيْنَارٌ انْفَقْتَهُ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ أَعْظَمُهَا أَجْرًا الَّذِي أَنْفَقْتَهُ

عَلَى أَهْلِكَ. رواه مسلم.

289. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You have spent one dinar in the cause of Allah, one dinar to free a slave, one dinar in charity to a needy person, and one dinar on your family. Of these dinars, the one you spent on your family is the best in reward.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۹۰ – عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ وَيُقَالُ لَهُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ثَوْبَانَ بْنِ بُجُدُدَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَفْضَلُ دِينَارٍ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ دِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى عِبَالِهِ وَدِيْنَارُ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى

دَابَّتِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَدِيْنَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابه في سبيل الله . رواه مسلم.

290. Narrated from Abu Abdullah, also known as Abu Abd al-Rahman, Thawban ibn Bujdud (may Allah be pleased with him), the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: The best dinar a person spends is the dinar he spends on his family, the dinar he spends on his riding animal kept for jihad in the cause of Allah, and the dinar he spends on his companions in the cause of Allah.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۹۱ – عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَتْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلْ لِي أَجْرٌ فِي بَنِي أَبِي سَلَمَةَ أَنْ أَنْفِقَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَسْتُ بِتَارِكَتِهِمْ هُكَذَا وَهُكَذَ إِنَّمَا هُمْ بَنِي؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لَكِ أَجْرُ مَا أَنْفَقْتِ عَلَيْهِمْ – متفق عليه.

219. Narrated from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: I said, “O Messenger of Allah, will I receive a reward for spending on the children of Abu Salamah? I cannot abandon them in any way, for they are also my children.” He said: “Yes, you will have a reward for whatever you spend on them.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۹۲ – عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ الطَّوِيلِ الَّذِي قَدَّمْنَاهُ فِي أَوَّلِ الْكِتَابِ فِي بَابِ النِّيَّةِ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لهُ وَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِي بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَجِرْتَ بِهَا حَتَّى مَا

تَجْعَلُ فِي فِي امْرَأَتِكَ – متفق عليه.

292. Narrated from Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Whatever you spend seeking the pleasure of Allah, you will be rewarded for it, even the morsel you place in your wife’s mouth.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۹۳ – عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا أَنْفَقَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ نَفَقَةً يَحْتَسِبُهَا فَهِيَ لَهُ صَدَقَةٌ – متفق عليه.

293. Narrated from Abu Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whatever a person spends on his family, seeking reward for it, is charity for him.
Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٩٤ – عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ أَثِمًا أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَقُوْتُ حَدِيثُ صَحِيحٌ روَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَغَيْرُهُ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي صَحِيحِهِ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ كَفَى

بِالْمَرْءِ أَثْمًا أَنْ يَحْبِسَ عَمَّنْ يُمْلِكُ قُوْتَهُ

294. Narrated from Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is sufficient sin for a person that he neglects the provision of those whose provision is his responsibility.

This is a sahih hadith, narrated by Imam Abu Dawud and others.

Imam Muslim also narrated a hadith with the same meaning. He (the Prophet) said: It is sufficient sin for a person that he withholds the provision of those whose provision is his responsibility.

٢٩٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَا مِنْ يَوْمِ يُصْبِحُ الْعِبَادُ فِيهِ إِلا مَلَكَان يَنزِلَانِ فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُنْفِقًا خَلَفًا وَيَقُولُ الْآخَرُ اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطَ مُمْسكًا تَلَفًا – متفق عليه .

295. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Every morning when the servants rise, two angels descend. One of them says: O Allah, replace what the spender has spent. The other says: O Allah, destroy the wealth of the miser.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٢٩٦ – وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْبَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِّنَ الْيَدِ السفلي وابْدَأَ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ وَخَيْرُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ عَنِّى وَمَنْ يَسْتَعْفِفْ يُعِفُهُ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْنِ يُغْنِه الله – رواه البخاري .

296. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The upper hand is better than the lower hand [that is, the giver is better than the recipient]. Begin with those under your care. The best charity is that given from surplus [that is, giving from the wealth remaining after spending on one’s family]. Whoever seeks purity and self-restraint, Allah will grant him purity and self-restraint. Whoever seeks self-sufficiency, Allah will make him self-sufficient.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

Section 37 — Spending one’s best and most beloved possessions in the cause of Allah

Spending one’s best and most beloved possessions in the cause of Allah.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“You will never attain righteousness until you spend from what you love. And whatever you spend, Allah is fully aware of it.” (Surah Al Imran: 92)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْفِقُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ وَمِمَّا أَخْرَجْنَا لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ وَلَا تَيَمِّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنْفِقُونَ .

“O believers, spend from the good things you have earned and from what We have brought forth for you from the earth. Do not deliberately select the worst of it to spend in the cause of Allah.” (Surah al-Baqarah: 267)

۲۹۷ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَكْثَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مَالاً مِنْ نَخْلِ وَكَانَ أَحَبُّ أَمْوَالِهِ إِلَيْهِ بَيْرَحَاءُ وَكَانَتْ مستقبلة المسجد وَكَانَ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدْخُلُهَا وَيَشْرَبُ مِنْ

مَاء فِيهَا طَيِّبٍ قَالَ أَنَسٌ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هُذِهِ الْآيَةُ لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ قَامَ أَبُو طَلْعَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى انْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ

وَإِنْ أَحَبٌ مَالِي إِلَى بَيْرَ حَاءُ وَأَنَّهَا صَدَقَةً لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى أَرْجُو بِرْهَا وَذُخْرَهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَضَعْهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَيْثُ أَرَاكَ اللهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَحْ ذَلِكَ مَالَ رَابِحٌ ذَالِكَ مَالٌ رَابِحٌ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ مَا قُلْتَ وَإِنِّي

أَرَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَهَا فِي الْأَقْرِبَيْنَ فَقَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أَفْعَلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَسْمَهَا أَبُو طَلْحَةَ فِي أَقَارِيهِ وبَنِي عَمِّهِ – متفق عليه. قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَالٌ رَابِحٌ رُوِيَ فِي الصحيحين رابع ورايح بِالْبَاءِ الْمُوَحْدَةِ وَبِالْيَاءِ الْمُثَنَّاةِ

أَيْ رَابِحٌ عَلَيْكَ نَفْعُهُ وَبَيْرَحَاءُ حَدِيقَةُ نَخْلِ وَرُوِيَ بِكَسْرِ الْبَاءِ وَفَتْحِهَا .

297. Narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Among the Ansar of Madinah, Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) was the wealthiest in date palms. Of all his possessions, the garden called Bayruha was dearest to him. It was situated in front of the Prophet’s Mosque. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to visit it and drink its delicious water. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When this verse was revealed, “You will never attain righteousness until you spend from what you love” (Surah Al Imran: 92),

Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, surely Allah the Exalted has revealed to you: “You will never attain righteousness until you spend from what you love.” The garden called Bayruha is my most beloved possession. I give it in charity for Allah’s sake. Through it, I hope for reward and recompense from Allah. O Messenger of Allah, use it as Allah directs you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Excellent! That is profitable wealth. I have heard what you said, and I think you should give it to your close relatives.” Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I will do so, O Messenger of Allah.” Then Abu Talhah distributed the garden among his close relatives and paternal cousins.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Section 38 — Instructing one’s children, family, dependents, and all those under one’s responsibility to obey Allah the Exalted; forbidding them to disobey Him; teaching them manners and etiquette; and keeping them away from prohibited matters

Instructing one’s children, family, dependents, and all those under one’s responsibility to obey Allah the Exalted; forbidding them to disobey Him; teaching them manners and etiquette; and keeping them away from prohibited matters.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَأَمر أَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلاةِ وَاصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْهَا .

Allah the Exalted says:

“Command your family to pray and remain steadfast in it yourself.” (Surah Ta-Ha: 132)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا قُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ نَارًا

“O believers, protect yourselves and your families from the Fire.” (Surah al-Tahrim: 6)

۲۹۸- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنهُ قَالَ أَخَذَ الحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا تَمْرَةٌ مِنْ تَشرِ الصَّدَقَةِ فَجَعَلَهَا فِي فِيهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُنْ كَنْ إِرْمِ بِهَا أَمَا عَلِمْتَ إِنَّا لَا تَأْكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ؟ متفق عليه

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّا لَا تَحِلُّ لَنَا الصَّدَقَةُ وَقَوْلُهُ كَنْ كَنْ يُقَالُ بِإِسْكَانِ الْخَاءِ وَيُقَالُ بِكَسْرِهَا مَعَ التَّنْوِينِ وَهِيَ كَلِمَةُ زَجْرٍ لِلصَّبِيِّ عَنِ الْمُسْتَقَذَرَاتِ وَكَانَ الْحَسَنُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ صَبِيًّا .

298. Narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Hasan ibn Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) picked up a date from the dates given in charity and put it in his mouth. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said reproachfully: “Kakh! Kakh! Throw it away. Do you not know that we do not eat charity?”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration it says: “Charity is not lawful for us.” [It is prohibited for the descendants of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to consume charity, zakat, and the like.]

Word meaning: Imam al-Nawawi says, کخ کخ or کخ کخ is used to advise, warn, rebuke, or reprimand children regarding disliked things [for example, when someone gives a child something disliked, in Bengali we say “Duh! Khuh!”]. Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him) was young at that time.

٢٩٩ – عَنْ أَبِي حَفْصِ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْأَسَدِ رَبِيبِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ كُنْتُ غُلَامًا فِي حَجْرٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَانَتْ يَدِى تَطِيسُ فِي الصَّحْفَةِ فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ

اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا غُلَامُ سَمَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَكُلْ بِيَمِينِكَ وَكُلُّ مِمَّا يَلِيْكَ فَمَا زَالَتْ تِلْكَ طعْمَتِي بَعْدُ . متفق عليه وتَطِيسُ تَدُورُ فِي نَوَاحِي الصَّحْفَةِ .

299. Narrated from Abu Hafs Umar ibn Abu Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I was a boy under the care of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) [he was the son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Asad, the former husband of the Messenger of Allah’s wife, Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). He was raised in the household of the Messenger]. My hand would move around the dish. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: “Young boy, mention the name of Allah, eat with your right hand, and eat from what is nearest to you.” From then on, I always ate according to the method he taught me.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٠٠- عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ كُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ الْإِمَامُ رَاعٍ وَمَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رعيته والرَّجُلُ راعٍ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَمَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ وَالْمَرْأَةُ رَاعِيَةٌ فِي

بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا وَمَسْئُولَةٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهَا وَالْخَادِمُ رَاعٍ فِي مَالِ سَيِّدِهِ وَمَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ فَكُلُّكُمْ راعٍ وَمَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ – متفق عليه .

300. Narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Each of you is a caretaker, and each of you will be questioned about those under your care. The imam is a caretaker and will be questioned about those under his care.

A man is the caretaker of his family and will be questioned about those under his care. A woman is the caretaker of her husband’s household and will be questioned about those under her care. A servant is the caretaker of his master’s property and will be questioned about those under his care. Thus, each of you is a caretaker, and each of you will be questioned about those under your care.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٠١- عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرُوا أَوْلادَكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَاضْرِبُوهُمْ عَلَيْهَا وَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ عَشْرٍ وَفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ حَدِيْثٌ

حَسَنٌ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ بِاشْنَادٍ حَسَن .

301. Narrated from Amr ibn Shu’ayb, through his father and grandfather. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Instruct your children to pray when they reach seven years of age, discipline them physically for it when they reach ten, and separate their beds. This is a hasan hadith. Imam Abu Dawud cited it through a good chain of transmission.

٣٠٢ – عَنْ أَبِي ثُرَيَّةَ سَبْرَةَ بْنِ مَعْبَدِ الْجُهَنِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلِمُوا الصَّبِيُّ الصَّلاةَ لِسَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَاضْرِبُوهُ عَلَيْهَا ابْنَ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ – حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ

حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ وَلَفْظُ أَبِي داود مُرُوا الصَّبِيِّ بِالصَّلاةِ إِذَا بَلَغَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ .

302. Narrated from Abu Thurayyah Sabrah ibn Ma’bad al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Teach the child to pray at seven years of age, and at ten years, beat him if he does not pray.

This is a hasan hadith. Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith.

Abu Dawud’s wording is as follows: When a child reaches the age of seven, instruct him to pray.

Section 39 – The rights of neighbors and the importance of maintaining good relations with them

The rights of neighbors and the importance of maintaining good relations with them.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَاعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَبِذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْجَارِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْجَارِ الْجُنُبِ وَالصَّاحِبِ بِالْجَنبِ وابن السبيلِ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ……

Allah the Exalted says:

“Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him; show kindness to parents, relatives, orphans, the needy, the near neighbor, the distant neighbor, the companion at your side, the traveler, and those whom your right hands possess. Indeed, Allah does not like anyone who is self-conceited and boastful.” (Surah al-Nisa’ 4:36)

٣٠٣ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا زَالَ جِبْرِيلُ يُوصِينِي بِالْجَارِ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيُورَثُهُ – متفق عليه.

303. Ibn Umar and Aishah (may Allah be pleased with them) reported. They both said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Jibril continued to advise me concerning the neighbor until I thought that he would make him an heir.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٠٤ – عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا آبًا ذَرٍ إِذَا طَبَخْتَ مَرَقَةٌ فَأَكْثِرُ مَا مَهَا وَتَعَاهَدْ حِيْرَانَكَ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍ قَالَ إِنَّ خَلِيلِى صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْصَانِي إِذَا

طَبَخْتَ مَرَقًا فَأَكْثِرْ مَاءَهُ ثُمَّ انْظُرْ أَهْلَ بَيْتِ مِنْ حِيْرَانِكَ فَأَصْبِهُمْ مِنْهَا بِمَعْرُوفَ.

304. Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “O Abu Dharr! When you cook stew, add extra water to it and give some to your neighbor.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration, Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My beloved friend (the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him) advised me: “When you cook stew, add extra water to it; then check on the households of your neighbors and give them a good portion of it.”

٣٠٥ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ لا يُؤْمِنُ وَاللَّهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ وَاللَّهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ قِيلَ مَنْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ الَّذِي لَا يَأْمَنُ جَارَهُ بَوَائِقَهُ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمِ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ

لَا يَأْمَنُ جَارُهُ بوَائِقَهُ الْبَوَائِقُ الْغَوَائِلُ والسُّرُورُ .

305. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “By Allah, he is not a believer! By Allah, he is not a believer! By Allah, he is not a believer!” It was asked, “O Messenger of Allah, who is that?” He said, “The one from whose harm his neighbor is not safe.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration by Muslim it says: “The one from whose harm his neighbor is not safe will not enter Paradise.”
Lexical meaning: al-bawa’iq: deceitful or wicked.البوائقdeceitful or wicked.

٣٠٦- وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا نِسَاءَ الْمُسْلِمَاتِ لَا تَحْقِرَنَّ جَارَةً لِجَارَتِهَا وَلَوْ فِرْسِنَ شَاءَ متفق عليه .

306. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “O Muslim women! Let no neighbor belittle anything given by another neighbor, even if it is merely a sheep’s hoof.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٠٧- وَعَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَمْنَعُ جَارُ جَارَهُ أَنْ يُغْرِزَ خَشَبَةٌ فِي جِدَارِهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ مَا لِي أَرَاكُمْ عَنْهَا مُعْرِضِينَ وَاللَّهِ لأَرْمِينَ بَيْنَ اكْتَافِكُمْ – متفق عليه . رُوِيَ خَشَبَهُ بِالْإِضَافَةِ وَالْجَمْعِ

وَرُوِيَ خَشَبَةٌ بِالتَّنْوِيْنِ عَلَى الْإِفْرَادِ وَقَوْلُهُ مَا لِي أَرَاكُمْ عَنْهَا مُعْرِضِينَ يَعْنِي عَنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَّةِ .

307. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A neighbor must not prevent another neighbor from inserting a wooden beam into his wall.” Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) would then say, “Why do I see you turning away from this hadith? By Allah, I will certainly publicize it among you.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٠٨- وَعَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلَا يُؤْذِ جَارَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ لِيَشْكُتْ – متفق عليه .

308. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should not harm his neighbor. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should honor his guest. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak good words or remain silent.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٠٩ – عَنْ أَبِي شُرَيْحِ الْخَزَاعِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُحْسِنَ إِلَى جَارِهِ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمُ ضَيْفَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ

فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ لِيَشكُتُ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ بِهذا اللفظ وَرَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ بَعْضَهُ .

309. Abu Shurayh al-Khuza‘i (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should treat his neighbor well. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should honor his guest. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak good words; otherwise, he should remain silent.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith with the stated wording. Imam al-Bukhari also narrated part of this hadith.

٣١٠ – عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي جَارَيْنِ قَالَى أَيْهِمَا أَهْدِي ؟ قَالَ إِلَى أَقْرَبِهِمَا مِنْكِ بَابًا – رواه البخاري .

310. Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported. She said: I asked, “O Messenger of Allah, I have two neighbors. To which of them should I give a gift?” He said, “To the one whose door is closer to you.”

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

۳۱۱ – عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْرُ الْأَصْحَابِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى خَيْرُهُمْ لِصَاحِبِهِ وَخَيْرُ الْخَيْرَانِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى خَيْرُهُمْ لِجَارِهِ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.

311. Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “The best of companions in the sight of Allah the Exalted is the one who is best to his companion, and the best of neighbors in the sight of Allah the Exalted is the one who is best to his neighbor.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said, “This is a hasan hadith.”

Section 40 – Kindness toward parents and maintaining good relations with close relatives

Kindness toward parents and maintaining good relations with close relatives.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَاعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَبَذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْجَارِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْجَارِ الْجُنُبِ وَالصَّاحِبِ بِالْجَنبِ وابنِ السَّبِيلِ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him; treat parents kindly, and show kindness to relatives, orphans, the needy, near neighbors, distant neighbors, companions at your side, travelers, and those whom your right hands possess.” (Surah al-Nisa’ 4:36)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ الَّذِي تَسَاءَلُونَ بِهِ وَالْأَرْحَامَ .

“Fear Allah, in whose name you appeal to one another for your rights, and beware of severing the ties of kinship.” (Surah al-Nisa’ 4:1)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَالَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهِ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ الْآيَةَ .

“(The intelligent are) those who maintain the relationships Allah has commanded to be maintained.” (Surah al-Ra‘d 13:21)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا.

“We have instructed people to treat their parents well.” (Surah al-‘Ankabut 29:8)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ أَلا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِنْدَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلاهُمَا فَلَا تَقُلْ لَهُمَا أَن وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُلْ لَهُمَا قَوْلاً كَرِيمًا ، وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُلْ رَبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا

رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا.

“Your Lord has commanded that you worship none but Him and show kindness to your parents. If one or both of them reach old age in your presence, do not even say ‘uff’ to them, nor rebuke them; rather, speak to them with words of honor, lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy, and say: ‘My Lord, have mercy on them, just as they raised me when I was small.’” (Surah Bani Isra’il 17:23–24)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَى وَهْنٍ وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“We have enjoined people to recognize the rights of their parents. His mother carried him, enduring weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents.” [According to Imam al-Shafi‘i, Imam Ahmad, Imam Abu Yusuf, and Imam Muhammad, the period of breastfeeding a child is two years. If a child drinks the milk of another woman within this period, the rules of milk kinship apply. That woman becomes his foster mother, and marriage with her children and descendants becomes unlawful. However, if he is breastfed after this period, the relevant ruling does not apply. A similar view has also been reported from Imam Malik. According to Imam Abu Hanifah, the period of breastfeeding is two and a half years. He further says that if a child is weaned and becomes dependent on other food at or before two years, then drinking another woman’s milk thereafter does not entail any special legal ruling.] Therefore, be grateful to Me and to your parents.” (Surah Luqman 31:14)

۳۱۲- عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَى وَقْتِهَا النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّ الْعَمَلِ أَحَبُّ إِلى الله ؟ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ أَيُّ؟ قَالَ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ أَيُّ ؟ قَالَ الْجِهَادُ

فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ – متفق عليه.

312. Abdullah ibn Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), “Which deed is most beloved to Allah the Exalted?” He said, “Performing the prayer at its appointed time.” I asked again, “Then which?” He said, “Being kind to parents.” I asked again, “Then which?” He said, “Striving in the path of Allah.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣١٣- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لا يجزى ولد والدا الا أن يُجدَهُ مَمْلُوكًا فَيَشْتَرِيَهُ فَيُعْتَقَهُ – رواه مسلم .

313. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No child can fully repay his father, except if he finds him enslaved, purchases him, and sets him free.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣١٤ – وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَصِلُ رَحِمَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ

لِيَعْمُتُ متفق عليه.

314. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should honor his guest. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should maintain the ties of kinship. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak good words; otherwise, he should remain silent.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣١٥ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ الخلقَ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْهُمْ قَامَتِ الرَّحِمُ فَقَالَتْ هَذَا مَقَامُ الْعَائِدِ بِكَ مِنَ الْقَطِيعَةِ قَالَ نَعَمُ أَمَا تَرْضَيْنَ أَن أَصِلَ مَنْ وَصَلَكَ وَاقْطَعَ مَنْ قَطَعَكَ؟

قَالَتْ بَلَى قَالَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اقْرَمُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ فَهَلْ فذلك لك ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى ا عَسَبْتُمْ إِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَنْ تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَتُقَطِعُوا أَرْحَامَكُمْ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللهُ فَأَصَمْهُمْ وَأَعْمَى أَبْصَارَهُمْ) . مُتَّفَقٌ

عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِلْبُخَارِي فَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى مَنْ وَصَلَكَ وَصَلْتُهُ وَمَنْ قَطَعَكَ قَطَعْتُهُ

315. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When Allah the Exalted completed the creation of His creatures, kinship stood up and said, ‘This is the station of one who seeks refuge with You from severing ties.’ He said, ‘Yes. Are you not pleased that I should show favor to the one who maintains you and sever ties with the one who severs you?’ Kinship said, ‘Indeed, I am pleased.’ Allah said, ‘That station is yours.’ Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Companions: ‘If you wish, recite this verse: “If you turn away, would you then perhaps spread corruption throughout the land and sever your ties of kinship? These are the ones whom Allah has cursed, making them deaf and blinding their sight.”’ (Surah Muhammad 47:22–23) [In Islam, severing ties with close relatives is entirely prohibited].

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration by al-Bukhari it says: Allah the Exalted says, “Whoever maintains ties with you, I will show favor to him, and whoever severs ties with you, I will sever ties with him.”

٣١٦ – وَعَنْهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِحُسْنِ صَحَابَتِي؟ قَالَ أُمُّكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ مَنْ ؟ قَالَ أَمُّكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ مَنْ ؟ قَالَ أَمُّكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ مَنْ ؟ قَالَ أَبُوكَ –

مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ أَحَقُّ بِحُسْنِ الصُّحْبَةِ؟ قَالَ أُمُّكَ ثُمَّ أُمُّكَ ثُمَّ أُمُّكَ ثُمَّ أَبَاكَ ثُمَّ أَدْنَاكَ أَدْنَاكَ . وَالصَّحَابَةُ بِمَعْنَى الصُّحْبَةِ وَقَوْلُهُ ثُمَّ أَبَاكَ هَكَذَا هُوَ مَنْصُوبُ بِفِعْلِ مَحْذُوفَ أَى ثُمَّ بِرِّ أَبَاكَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ ثُمَّ

أَبُوكَ وَهُذَا وَاضِحُ .

316. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. He said: A man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah, who among people is most entitled to my good companionship?” He said, “Your mother.” He asked, “Then who?” He said, “Your mother.” He asked, “Then who?” He said, “Your mother.” He asked, “Then who?” He said, “Your father.” Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration it says: “O Messenger of Allah, who is most entitled to my good companionship?” He said, “Your mother, then your mother, then your mother, then your father, then your closest relative, then your closest relative. In another narration, instead of thisثم بر— instead of ثُمَّ أبوكit says.

۳۱۷- وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ رَغِمَ أَنْفُ ثُمَّ رَغِمَ أَنْفُ ثُمَّ رَغِمَ انْفُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ أَبَوَيْهِ عِنْدَ الْكَبَرِ أَحَدَهُمَا أَوْ كِلاهُمَا فَلَمْ يَدْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ – رواه مسلم.

317. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “May his nose be rubbed in dust! May his nose be rubbed in dust! May his nose be rubbed in dust—the one who finds both or one of his parents in old age but does not enter Paradise (by serving them).”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۳۱۸- وَعَنْهُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَجُلاً قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي قَرَابَةً أَصِلُهُمْ وَيَقْطَعُونِي وَأَحْسِنُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَيُسِيتُونَ إِلَى وَاحْلُمُ عَنْهُمْ وَيَجْهَلُوْنَ عَلَى فَقَالَ لَئِنْ كُنْتَ كَمَا قُلْتَ فَكَأَنَّمَا تُسِفُهُمُ الْمَل وَلَا يَزَالُ مَعَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ ظَهِيرٌ

عَلَيْهِمْ مَا دمْتَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ – رواه مسلم . وَتُسِفُهُمْ بِضَمِّ النَّاءِ وَكَسْرِ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْفَاءِ وَالْمَلُّ بِفَتْحِ الْمِيمِ وَتَشْدِيدِ اللَّامِ وَهُوَ الرِّمَادُ الْحَارُ أَيْ كَأَنَّمَا تُطْعِمُهُمُ الرِّمَادَ الْخَارُ وَهُوَ تَشْبِيَّةٌ لِمَا يَلْحَقُهُمْ مِنَ الْإِثْمِ بِمَا

يَلْحَقُ أَكِلَ الرِّمَادِ الْخَارِ مِنَ الْآلَمِ وَلَا شَيْ عَلَى هُذَا الْمُحْسِنِ إِلَيْهِمْ لَكِنْ يَنَالُهُمْ إِثْمٌ عَظِيمٌ بِتَقْصِيرِهِمْ فِي حَقَّهِ وَإِذْ خَالِهِمُ الْأَذَى عَلَيْهِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .

318. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported. A man said, “O Messenger of Allah, I have relatives with whom I try to maintain good relations, but they sever relations with me. I treat them well, but they mistreat me. I am patient and forbearing with them, but they always behave foolishly toward me.” He (the Prophet) said: “If you are truly as you have said, then it is as though you are feeding them hot ashes. As long as you continue upon the conduct you have described, Allah’s support will remain with you.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Imam al-Nawawi says that the hadith compares hot ashes to sin. Just as one who consumes hot ashes suffers pain, likewise a sinful person will face distress, suffering, and punishment. But the righteous person will not face any such hardship; rather, the person who opposes him will suffer for causing him pain and violating his rightful due.

۳۱۹- عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ أحَبُّ أَن يُبْسُطُ لَهُ فِي رِزْقِهِ وَيُنْسَأَ لَهُ فِي أَثَرِهِ فَلْيَصِلُ رَحِمَهُ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَمَعْنَى يُنْسَأَ لَهُ فِي أَثَرِهِ أَنْ يُؤَخِّرَ لَهُ فِي أَجَلِهِ وَعُمْرِهِ .

319. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever wishes to have his provision expanded and his lifespan extended, let him maintain ties of kinship.” Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۳۲۰- وَعَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ اكْثَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مَالَا مِنْ نَخْلٍ وَكَانَ احب أمواله اليه بَيْرَحَاءَ وَكَانَتْ مُسْتَقَبلَة الْمَسْجِد وَكَانَ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدْخُلُهَا وَيَشْرَبُ مِنْ مَاءٍ فِيهَا طَيِّب فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ

لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ قَامَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَقُولُ الَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ وَإِنْ أَحَبُّ مَالِى إِلَى بَيْرَحَاءُ وَإِنَّهَا صَدَقَةً لِلَّهِ

تَعَالَى أَرْجُو بِرْهَا وَذُخْرَهَا عِنْدَ اللهِ فَضَعْهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَيْثُ أَرَاكَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَحْ ذَلِكَ مَالٌ رَابِحٌ ذَلِكَ مَالٌ رَابِحٌ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ مَا قُلْتَ واني أرى أَنْ تَجْعَلَهَا فِي الْأَقْرَبِينَ فَقَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ افْعَلُ يَا

رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَسْمَهَا أبو طلحةَ فِي أَقَارِبِهِ وَبَنِي عَمِّهِ . مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَسَبَقَ بَيَانُ الْفَاظِهِ فِي بَابِ الْأَنْفَاقِ مِمَّا يُحِبُّ .

320. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him), who possessed abundant date-grove wealth, was the wealthiest of the Ansar in Madinah. Of all his possessions, the garden called Bayruha was dearest to him. It stood directly in front of the Prophet’s Mosque. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter that garden and drink its sweet water. When this verse was revealed: “You will never attain righteousness until you spend from what you love” (Surah Al ‘Imran: 92), Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah! Indeed, Allah Most High has revealed to you: ‘You will never attain righteousness until you spend from what you love.’ The garden called Bayruha is my most beloved possession. I give it in charity for Allah’s sake. In return, I hope for reward and recompense from Allah. O Messenger of Allah, use it as Allah wills.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Well done, well done! That is profitable wealth. I have heard what you said, and I think you should give it to your close relatives.” Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “I will do so, O Messenger of Allah!” Thereafter, Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) distributed the garden among his close relatives and paternal cousins.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۳۲۱- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَبَا بِعَكَ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ وَالْجِهَادِ ابْتَغِي الْأَجْرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قَالَ فَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ وَالِدَيْكَ أَحَدٌ حَيٍّ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ بَلْ

كِلاهُمَا قَالَ فَتَبْتَغِي الْأَجْرَ مِنَ اللهِ تَعَالَى ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَارْجِعُ إِلَى وَالِدَيْكَ فَأَحْسِنُ صُحْبَتَهُمَا – مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَهُذَا لَفْظُ مُسْلِم وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُمَا جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَأْذَنَهُ فِي الْجِهَادِ فَقَالَ أَحَى وَالِدَاكَ ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَفِيْهِمَا

فَجَاهِدٌ .

321. Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: A man came before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “I wish to pledge allegiance to you to undertake jihad and emigration, seeking reward from Allah Most High.” He said: “Are either of your parents alive?” He replied, “Yes, rather, both of them are.” He said: “Even so, you seek reward from Allah?” He replied, “Yes.” He said: “Then return to your parents and live with them graciously.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

In another narration by them, it says: A man came and asked him for permission to participate in jihad. He said: “Are your parents alive?” He replied, “Yes.” He said: “Then strive in serving them.”

۳۲۲- وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَيْسَ الْوَاصِلُ بِالْمُكَافِي وَلَكِنَّ الْوَاصِلَ الَّذِي إِذَا قَطَعَتْ رَحِمُهُ وَصَلَهَا . رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِي وَقَطَعَتْ بِفَتْحِ الْقَافِ وَالطَّاءِ وَرَحِمُهُ مَرْفُوعُ .

322. Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The one who maintains ties is not the one who merely reciprocates; rather, the one who maintains ties is the person who reconnects with his relatives when they sever ties with him.”

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith.

٣٢٣- عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَتْ قَالَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الرَّحِمُ مُعَلَّقَةُ بِالْعَرْشِ تَقُولُ مَنْ وَصَلَنِي وَصَلَهُ اللهُ وَمَنْ قَطَعَنِي قَطْعَهُ اللَّهُ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ.

323. Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated. She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The womb is suspended from the Throne and says: ‘Whoever maintains me, Allah will maintain ties with him, and whoever severs me, Allah will sever ties with him.’”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٢٤- عَنْ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَيْمُونَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّهَا أَعْتَقَتْ وَلِيدَةٌ وَلَمْ تَسْتَأْذِنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُهَا الَّذِي يَدُورُ عَلَيْهَا فِيهِ قَالَتْ أَشَعَرْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَعْتَقْتُ وَلِيْدَنِي؟ قَالَ أَوْ

فَعَلْت ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّكَ لَوْ أَعْطَيْتِهَا أَخْوَالَكَ كَانَ أعظم الأجرك – متفق عليه .

324. Umm al-Mu’minin Maymunah bint al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated. She freed a slave woman without seeking the permission of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). On the day when he visited her in turn, she said, “O Messenger of Allah, do you know that I have freed my slave woman?” He said: “Have you freed her?” She replied, “Yes.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Had you given this slave woman to your maternal uncles, you would have received a greater reward.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٢٥ – عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرِ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَتْ قَدِمَتْ عَلَى أُمِّي وَهِيَ مُشْرِكَةً فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَفْتَيْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُلْتُ قَدِمَتْ عَلَى أُمِّي وَهِيَ

رَاغِبَةً أَفَاصِلُ أُمِّي ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ صلى أمك – متفق عليه. وَقَوْلُهَا رَاغِبَةً أَنْ طَامِعَةً فِيْمَا عِنْدِي تَسْأَلْنِي شَيْئًا قَبْلَ كَانَتْ أُمِّهَا مِنَ النَّسَبِ وَقِيلَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَالصَّحِيحُ الْأَوَّلُ .

325. Asma bint Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated. She said: After the truce between the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the polytheists, my mother came to me from Makkah to Madinah. At that time, she was a polytheist. I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), “My mother has come to me seeking something from me; should I treat my mother well?” He said: “Yes, treat her courteously.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٢٦ – عَنْ زَيْنَبَ الثَّقَفِيَّةِ امْرَأَةِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَصَدِّقْنَ يَا مَعْشَرَ النِّسَاءِ وَلَوْ مِنْ حُلِيكُنَّ قَالَتْ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّكَ رَجُلٌ

خَفِيفٌ ذَاتِ الْيَدِ وَإِنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَمَرَنَا بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَأْتِهِ فَاسْأَلْهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ ذلِكَ يُجْزِئُ عَنِّى وَإِلا صَدَقْتُهَا إِلَى غَيْرِكُمْ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهُ بَلِ انْتِيْهِ انْتِ فَانْطَلَقْتُ فَإِذَا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِبَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى

اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَاجَتِي حَاجَتُهَا وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ الْقِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَهَابَةُ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا بِلال فَقُلْنَا لَهُ اثْتِ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبِرُهُ أَنْ امْرَأَتَيْنِ بِالْبَابِ تَسْأَلَائِكَ اتَّجْزِئُ الصَّدَقَةُ عَنْهُمَا

عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِمَا وَعَلَى أَيْتَامٍ فِي حُجُورِهِمَا ؟ وَلَا تُخْبِرُهُ مَنْ نَحْنُ فَدَخَلَ بِلال عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ هُمَا ؟ قَالَ إِمْرَأَةٌ مِّنَ

الْأَنْصَارِ وَزَيْنَبُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّ الرِّيَانِبِ هِيَ؟ قَالَ امْرَأَةُ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهُمَا أَجْرَانِ أَجْرُ الْقَرَابَةِ وأَجْرُ الصَّدَقَة . مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه .

326. Zaynab al-Thaqafiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of Abdullah ibn Mas’ud, narrated. She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “O women! Give charity, even if it is from your jewelry.” Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I returned to Abdullah ibn Mas’ud and said to him, “You are poor and possess only limited wealth. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has commanded us women to give charity. Go and ask him whether it will suffice if I give my charity to you; otherwise, I will give it to other people.” Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Rather, you go and ask him yourself.” So I went out. When I arrived, I found another woman from the Ansar waiting at the door of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and she had the same matter as I did. At that time, a great and extraordinary state had come over the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).

Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) came out to us. We said to him, “Go to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and inform him that two women are waiting at the door. They ask whether it will be valid for them if they give charity to their husbands and the orphans under their care. But do not tell him who we are.” Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) entered and asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about the matter. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Who are the two women?” He replied, “An Ansari woman and Zaynab.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Which Zaynab?” Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “The wife of Abdullah ibn Mas’ud.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “They will both receive two rewards: the reward for maintaining kinship and the reward for charity.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۳۲۷- عن أبي سُفْيَانَ صَحْرِ بنِ حَرب رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ الطَّوِيلِ فِي قِصَّةِ هِرَقْلَ أَنْ هِرَقْلَ قَالَ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَمَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِهِ ۚ يَعْنِي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَقُولُ اعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ

شَيْئًا وَاتْرُكُوا مَا يَقُولُ أَبَاؤُكُمْ وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلاةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالصِّلة – متفق عليه .

327. Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Roman emperor Heraclius asked Abu Sufyan, “What does he”—meaning the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)—“command you?” Abu Sufyan said, “I replied: He says, ‘Worship Allah alone and do not associate anything with Him, and abandon what your forefathers used to say.’ He commands us to perform prayer, speak truthfully, live a chaste life, and maintain ties of kinship, among other things.” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

۳۲۸- عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَفْتَحُونَ أَرْضًا يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا الْقِبْرَاطُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ سَتَفْتَحُونَ مِصْرَ وَهِيَ أَرْضِ يُسَمَّى فِيهَا الْقِبْرَاطُ فَاسْتَوْصُوا بِأَهْلِهَا خَيْرًا فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةً

وَرَحِمًا – وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فَإِذَا فَتَحْتُمُوهَا فَأَحْسِنُوا إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةً وَرَحِمًا أَوْ قَالَ ذِمَّةً وصهرا . رواه مسلم . قَالَ الْعُلَمَاءُ الرَّحِمُ التِي لَهُمْ كَوْنُ هَاجَرَ أَمْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ منهم وَالصَّهْرُ كَوْنُ مَارِيَةَ أَمْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ رَسُوْلِ اللَّهِ

صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْهُمْ.

328. Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Companions: “Soon you will conquer a land where qirat is mentioned [qirat is a technical term used to denote a specific amount of reward].” In another narration: “Soon you will conquer Egypt, where qirat is mentioned. So treat its inhabitants well, for they have a covenant and kinship.” In another narration: “When you conquer it, show kindness to its inhabitants, for they have a covenant and kinship.” Or he said, “a covenant and affinity through marriage,” instead of “a covenant and kinship.”ذمة ورحماًinstead ofذمة وصهراًhe said. That is, they have a covenant and kinship through marriage.

٣٢٩- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَانْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الْأَقْرَبَيْنَ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُرَيْشًا فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَعَمْ وَخَصَّ وَقَالَ يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ يَا بَنِي كَعْبِ بْنِ لُغَيِّ انْقِذُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ

النَّارِ يَا بَنِي مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبٍ انْقِذُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافِ انْقُذُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ يَا بَنِي هَاشِمِ انْقِذُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ انْقِذُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ يَا فَاطِمَةُ انْقِذِى نَفْسَكَ مِنَ النَّارِ فَإِنِّي لَا

أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللهِ شَيْئًا غَيْرَ أَنَّ لَكُمْ رَحِمًا سَابُلُهَا بِلالِهَا – رواه مسلم. قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلالِهَا هُوَ بِفَتْحِ الْبَاءِ الثَّانِيَةِ وَكَسْرِهَا وَالْبَلالُ الْمَاءُ وَمَعْنَى الحديث سَاصِلُهَا شَبَّهَ قَطِيعَتَهَا بِالْحَرَارَةِ تُطْفَأُ بِالْمَاءِ وَهُذِهِ

تُبَرِّدُ بِالصَّلَةِ .

329. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: When this verse was revealed, “Warn your nearest relatives,” the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called the Quraysh. People of every kind—low and high, common and distinguished—gathered. He said: “O descendants of Abd Shams! O descendants of Ka’b ibn Lu’ayy! Save yourselves from the Fire. O descendants of Murrah ibn Ka’b! Save yourselves from the Fire. O descendants of Abd Manaf! Save yourselves from the Fire. O descendants of Hashim! Save yourselves from the Fire. O descendants of Abd al-Muttalib! Save yourselves from the Fire. O Fatimah bint Muhammad! Save yourself from the Fire. I have no power to protect you from Allah’s grasp. I only have kinship ties with you, which I will strive to maintain in this world.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٣٠- عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيِّ صلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جِهَارًا غَيْرَ سِرَ يَقُولُ إِنْ أَلَ بَنِي فُلانٍ لَيْسُوا بِأَوْلِيَائِي إِنَّمَا وَلِيَّى اللهُ وَصَالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَكِنْ لَهُمْ رَحِمٌ أَبْلُهَا بِبِلَالِهَا .

مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ واللفظ لِلْبُخَارِي.

330. Amr ibn al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say openly, not secretly: “The descendants of so-and-so are not my allies. My ally is Allah and the righteous believers. However, I have ties of kinship with them, which I will strive to maintain.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith, though the wording is that of al-Bukhari.

۳۳۱ – عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ خَالِدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَجُلا قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي بِعَمَلٍ يُدْخِلْنِي الْجَنَّةَ وَيُبَاعِدُنِي مِنَ النَّارِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَعْبُدُ اللهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكْ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي

الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ – مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

331. Abu Ayyub Khalid ibn Zayd al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. A man said, “O Messenger of Allah, tell me of an action that will admit me into Paradise and keep me far from Hell.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, establish prayer, pay zakat, and maintain ties of kinship.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٣٢ – عَنْ سَلْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا أَقْطَرَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيُفْطِرُ عَلَى تَمْرٍ فَإِنَّهُ بَرَكَةً فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدُ تَمْرًا فَالْمَاءُ فَإِنَّهُ طَهُورَ وَقَالَ الصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى الْمِسْكِيْنِ صَدَقَةٌ وَعَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ

ثِنْتَانِ صَدَقَةً وصلة – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

332. Salman ibn Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When any of you breaks his fast, let him break it with dates, for they are a blessing. If he cannot find dates, then let him break his fast with water, for it is purifying.” He also said: “Charity given to a poor person is merely charity, whereas charity given to a relative is both charity and maintaining ties of kinship.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said: It is a hasan hadith.

٣٣٣- عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كَانَتْ تَحْتِي امْرَأَةً وَكُنْتُ أَحِبُّهَا وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَكْرَهُهَا فَقَالَ لِي طَلِقْهَا فَأَبَيْتُ فَأَتَى عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ النَّبِيُّ صلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

طَلِقُهَا . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

333. Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. He said: I had a wife whom I loved very much, but Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) disliked her. He told me, “Divorce her.” I refused his proposal. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him of this. Thereafter, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: “Divorce her.” Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith. Al-Tirmidhi said: It is a hasan sahih hadith.

٣٣٤- عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا آتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ لِي امْرَأَةً وَإِنْ أُمِّي تَأْمُرُنِي بِطَلَاقِهَا ؟ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ الْوَالِدُ أوسَطُ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَإِنْ شِئْتَ فَاضِعُ ذَلِكَ الْبَابَ أَوِ احْفَظْهُ . رَوَاهُ

التَّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

334. Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated. A man came to him and said, “I have a wife, and my mother has ordered me to divorce her.” He (Abu al-Darda) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: “Parents are one of the strongest gates of Paradise. If you wish, you may destroy that gate, or you may preserve it.” Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said: It is a hasan sahih hadith.

٣٣٥- عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْحَالَةُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأُمِّ . رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

335. Narrated by al-Bara ibn Azib (may Allah be pleased with them). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The maternal aunt is in the position of the mother.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated the hadith. He said, “It is a sahih hadith.”

There are numerous authentic hadiths related to this section in the books of sahih hadith. They have not been quoted for fear of making the section too lengthy. There is also a lengthy hadith narrated by Amr ibn Abasah (may Allah be pleased with him). A portion of it is mentioned here:

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَكَّةَ يَعْنِي فِي أَوَّلِ النُّبُوَّةِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا انْتَ؟ قَالَ نَبِيُّ فَقُلْتُ وَمَا نَبِيُّ ؟ قَالَ أَرْسَلَنِي اللَّهُ فَقُلْتُ بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قَالَ ارسلني بصِلَةِ الْأَرْحَامِ وَكَسْرِ الْأَوْثَانِ وَأَنْ يُوَحْدَ اللَّهَ لَا

يُشْرَكَ بِهِ شَيْ وَذَكَرَ تَمَامَ الْحَدِيثِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .

“Amr ibn Abasah (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘At the beginning of the prophethood, I came to Makkah and met the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). I asked him, “Who are you?” He said, “A prophet.” I asked, “What is a prophet?” He said, “Allah has sent me.” I asked, “With what has He sent you?” He said, “He has sent me with the command to maintain ties of kinship, abolish idolatry, establish the Oneness of Allah, and not associate anything with Him.”’

Section 41 — The prohibition of harming and disobeying parents and severing ties of kinship

Harming and disobeying parents and severing ties of kinship are prohibited.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَنْ تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَتُقَطِعُوا أَرْحَامَكُمْ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَصَمْهُم وَأَعْمَى أَبْصَارَهُمْ .

Allah the Exalted says:

“If you were to gain authority, would you perhaps spread corruption throughout the earth and sever your ties of kinship? Such are those whom Allah has cursed, making them deaf and blinding their sight.” (Surah Muhammad: 22–23)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَالَّذِينَ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَ الله من بَعدِ مِيثَاقِهِ وَيَقْطَعُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَيُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ أُولَئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعْنَةُ وَلَهُمْ سُوءُ الدَّارِ .

“Those who break Allah’s covenant after affirming it, sever the ties that Allah has commanded to be maintained, and spread corruption on earth—for them is the curse, and for them is the evil abode in the Hereafter.” (Surah al-Rad: 25)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ أَلا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا أَمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عندَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا تَقُلْ لَهُمَا أَنَّ وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُلْ لَهُمَا قَوْلاً كَرِيمًا وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُلْ رَبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي

صَغِيرًا.

“Your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him and show kindness to parents. If one or both of them reach old age in your presence, do not even say ‘uff’ to them, nor rebuke them, but speak to them graciously. Lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say: ‘My Lord, have mercy on them, just as they raised me when I was small.’” (Surah Bani Israil: 23–24)

٣٣٦- عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ نُفَيْعِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَلَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِأَكْبَرِ الْكَبَائِرِ؟ ثَلَاثًا قُلْنَا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ الإشراك باللهِ وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَكَانَ مُتَكنَّا فَجَلَسَ فَقَالَ أَلَا وَقَوْلُ

الزُّوْرِ وَشَهَادَةُ الزُّوْرِ فَمَا زَالَ يُكَبِّرُهَا حَتَّى قُلْنَا لَيْتَهُ سَكَتَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

336. Narrated by Abu Bakrah Nufay ibn al-Harith (may Allah be pleased with him). He said, “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Shall I not inform you of the gravest of the major sins?’ He said this three times. We said, ‘Certainly, O Messenger of Allah.’ He said: ‘Associating partners with Allah and harming parents.’ He had been reclining, but then sat upright and said again: ‘Beware! Telling lies and giving false testimony.’ He kept repeating these words until we began to say to ourselves, ‘If only he would stop.’”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

۳۳۷- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْكَبَائِرُ الْإِشْرَاكَ بِاللهِ وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ وَالْيَمِينُ الْغَمُوسُ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ الْيَمِينُ الْغُمُوسُ الَّتِي يَحْلِفُهَا كَاذِبًا عَامِداً

سُمِّيَتْ غَمُوسًا لِأَنَّهَا تَعْمِسُ الْخَالِفَ فِي الْإِثْمِ .

337. Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with them). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The major sins are associating partners with Allah, disobeying parents, killing a person, and taking a false oath.”

Imam al-Bukhari narrated the hadith.

۳۳۸ – وَعَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ شَتْمُ الرَّجُلِ وَالِدَيْهِ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَهَلْ يَشْتُمُ الرَّجُلُ وَالِدَيْهِ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَسُبُّ أَبَا الرَّجُلِ فَيَسُبُ آبَاهُ وَيَسُبُّ أُمَّهُ فَيَسُبُ أمَّهُ . مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ

إِنَّ مِنْ أَكْبَرِ الْكَبَائِرِ أَنْ يَلْعَنَ الرَّجُلُ وَالِدَيْهِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ يَلْعَنُ الرَّجُلُ وَالِدَيْهِ؟ قَالَ يَسُبُّ أبا الرَّجُلِ فَيَسُبُ آبَاهُ وَيَسُبُّ أُمَّهُ فَيَسُبُّ أُمَّهُ .

338. Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with them). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Among the major sins is insulting one’s parents.” The Companions said, “O Messenger of Allah, can a person insult his own parents?” He said, “Yes. A person insults another person’s father, and the latter insults his father in return. He insults another person’s mother, and the second person insults his mother in return.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith. Another narration states: “Among the gravest major sins is for a person to curse his parents.” It was said, “O Messenger of Allah, can a person curse his own parents?” He said, “A person insults another person’s father, and he in turn insults his father. This person insults that person’s mother, and in return that person insults this person’s mother.”

٣٣٩ – عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ قَاطِع قَالَ سُفْيَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ يَعْنِي قَاطِعُ رَحِمِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

339. Narrated by Abu Muhammad Jubayr ibn Mutim (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The severer of ties will not enter Paradise.” Sufyan said in his narration: “That is, the one who severs ties of kinship.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

٣٤٠- عَنْ أَبِي عِيسَى الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ عُقُوْقَ الْأُمَّهَاتِ وَمَنْعًا وَهَاتِ وَوَادَ الْبَنَاتِ وَكَرِهَ لَكُمْ قِيلَ وَقَالَ وَكَثْرَةَ السُّؤالِ وَإِضَاعَةَ الْمَالِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

قَوْلُهُ مَنْعًا لهُ وَوَادَ الْبَنَاتِ مَعْنَاهُ دَفْتُهُنَّ فِي مَعْنَاهُ مَنْعُ مَا وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ وَهَاتِ طَلَبُ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ الحَيَاةِ وَقِيلَ وَقَالَ مَعْنَاهُ الْحَدِيثُ بِكُلِّ مَا يَسْمَعُهُ فَيَقُولُ قَبْلَ كَذَا وَقَالَ فُلَانٌ كذا مما لا يَعْلَمُ صِحْتَهُ وَلَا يَظُنُّهَا وَكَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ

كَذِبًا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ بِكُلِّ مَا سَمِعَ وَإِضَاعَةُ الْمَالِ تَبْذِيرُهُ وَصَرْفُهُ فِي غَيْرِ الْوُجُوهِ الْمَأْذُونِ فِيْهَا مِنْ مَقَاصِدِ الْآخِرَةِ وَالدُّنْيَا وَتَرْكُ حفظه مَعَ امْكَانِ الحفظ وكَثَرَةُ السُّؤالِ الْأَلْحَاحُ فِيْمَا لَا حاجة اليه.

340. Narrated by al-Mughirah ibn Shubah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah the Exalted has forbidden you from harming parents, being miserly, making unlawful claims to other people’s property, and burying daughters alive. He has disliked for you idle and unnecessary talk, excessive questioning, and wasting wealth.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith. Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) says:منعاًWithholding something that is obligatory upon a person.وهاتClaiming something of which one is not the owner.واد البناتBurying daughters alive.قبل وقالRepeating something one has heard without verifying its authenticity, saying that so-and-so said or did it, despite having no sound knowledge of it. It is sufficient for a person to be proven a liar that he repeats everything he hears.اضاعة المالWasting wealth on activities contrary to the Shariah, in which there is no benefit for this world or the Hereafter; and failing to safeguard wealth despite having the ability and opportunity to do so.كثرة السؤالInsistently asking for something that is unnecessary.

Section 42 — The virtue of treating well the friends and relatives of one’s parents, one’s wife, and others whose respect is recommended

The virtue of treating well the friends and relatives of one’s parents, one’s wife, and others whose respect is recommended.

٣٤١ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّ أَبَرُ الْبِرِّ أَنْ يُصِلَ الرَّجُلُ وُدَ أَبِيْهِ.

341. Narrated by Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Among the finest acts of righteousness is for a person to maintain his father’s friendships.”

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

٣٤٢ – وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنْ رَجُلاً مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ لَقِيَهُ بِطَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى حِمَارِ كَانَ يَرْكَبُهُ وَأَعْطَاهُ عِمَامَةٌ كَانَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ دِينَارٍ

فَقُلْنَا لَهُ أصْلَحَكَ اللهُ إِنَّهُمُ الْأَعْرَابُ وَهُمْ يَرْضَوْنَ بِالْيَسِيرِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ إِنْ أَبَا هُذَا كَانَ وُدًا لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنْ أَبَرُ الْبِرِّ صِلَةُ الرَّجُلِ أَهْلَ وُدَ

أَبِيْهِ . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ عَنِ ابْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ كَانَ لَهُ حِمَارٌ يَتَرَوْحُ عَلَيْهِ إِذا مَنْ رُكُوبَ الرَّاحِلَةِ وَعِمَامَةٌ يَشُدُّ بِهَا رَأْسَهُ فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يَوْمًا عَلَى ذلِكَ الْحِمَارِ إِذْ مَرَّ بِهِ أَعْرَابِي فَقَالَ السَّتَ بْنَ فُلَانِ بْنِ

فُلانٍ ۚ قَالَ بَلَى فَأَعْطَاهُ الْحِمَارَ فَقَالَ أَرْكَبُ هَذَا وَأَعْطَاهُ وَالْعِمَامَةَ وَقَالَ اشْدُدْ بِهَا رَأْسَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ اصْحَابه غَفَرَ اللهُ لَكَ أَعْطَيْتَ هذا الأَعْرَابِي حِمَارًا كُنْتَ تَرَوْحُ عَلَيْهِ وَعِمَامَةً كُنتَ تَشَدُّ بِهَا رَأْسَكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ

رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُوْلُ إِنَّ مِنْ أَبَرِّ الْبَرِّ أَنْ يُصِلَ الرَّجُلُ أَهْلَ وُدَ أَبِيْهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يُوَلِى وَإِنْ آبَاهُ كَانَ صَدِيقًا لِعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ – رَوَى هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتِ كُلَّهَا مُسْلِمٌ.

342. Narrated by Abdullah ibn Dinar from Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them). A Bedouin met him on the road to Makkah. Abdullah ibn Umar greeted him and seated him on the donkey he was riding. He also gave him the turban that had been on his head. Ibn Dinar said, “We said to him, ‘May Allah grant you well-being. Bedouins are satisfied with little.’ Abdullah ibn Umar said, ‘The father of this man was a friend of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: “Among the finest acts of righteousness is for a person to maintain good relations with his father’s friends.”’”

Another narration from Ibn Dinar, through Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), states: He had a donkey. When he went to Makkah and became tired of riding a camel, he would ride this donkey for rest and would tie his turban around his head. One day, as usual, he was riding this donkey when a Bedouin passed by and said to Ibn Umar, “Are you not the son of so-and-so?” He replied, “Yes.” Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gave him the donkey and said, “Ride it.” He also gave him his turban and said, “Tie this around your head.” Some of his companions said to him, “May Allah forgive you. You gave this Bedouin the donkey on which you used to ride and the turban that you used to wear.” He said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘Among the finest acts of righteousness is to treat well the family of one’s father’s friend after his death.’ This man’s father was a friend of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).”

Imam Muslim narrated the complete hadith.

٣٤٣ – عَنْ أَبِي أُسَيْدِ بِضَمِّ الْهَمْزَةِ وَفَتْحِ السِّينِ مَالِكِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ السَّاعِدِي رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَيْنَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَلْ بَقِيَ مِنْ بِرِّ

أَبَوَى شَيْ أَبَرُّهُمَا بِهِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِمَا ؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمُ الصَّلَاةُ عَلَيْهِمَا وَالْاسْتِغْفَارُ لَهُمَا وَإِنْفَاذُ عَهْدِهِمَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمَا وَصلَةُ الرَّحِمِ التِي لا تُوصَلُ إِلا بِهِمَا وَإِكْرَامُ صَدِيقِهِمَا . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ.

343. Narrated by Abu Usayd (may Allah be pleased with him). He said, “Once we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man from the tribe of Banu Salamah came and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, is there any act of kindness that I can still perform for my parents after their death? How can I treat them well?’ He said, ‘Yes. Supplicate for them, seek forgiveness for their sins, fulfill their promises, maintain the ties of kinship that can only be maintained through them, and honor their friends.’”

Imam Abu Dawud narrated the hadith.

٣٤٤- عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ مَا غِرْتُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ صلى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا غَرْتُ عَلَى خَدِيجَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا وَمَا رَأَيْتُهَا قَطُّ وَلَكِنْ كَانَ يُكْثِرُ ذِكْرَهَا وَرَبِّمَا ذَبَحَ الشَّاةَ ثُمَّ يُقَطِعُهَا أَعْضَاءٌ ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُهَا

فِي صَدَائِقِ خَدِيجَةَ فَرَبِّمَا قُلْتُ لَهُ كَانْ لَّمْ يَكُنْ فِي الدُّنْيَا امْرَأَةً إِلَّا خَدِيجَةُ فَيَقُولُ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ وَكَانَتْ وَكَانَ لِي مِنْهَا وَلَدٌ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيَذْبَحُ الشَّاةَ فَيُهْدِي فِي خَلَائِلِهَا مِنْهَا مَا يَسَعُهُنَّ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ كَانَ إِذَا

ذَبَحَ الشَّاةَ يَقُولُ ارْسِلُوا بِهَا إِلَى أصْدِقَاءِ خَدِيجَةَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَتْ اسْتَأْذَنَتْ هَالَةٌ بِنْتُ خويلد أُخْتُ خَديجَةً عَلَى رَسُولِ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَعَرَفَ اسْتَنْدَانَ خَدِيجَةَ فَارْتَاحَ لِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ هَالَةُ بِنْتُ خَوَيْلِدٍ قَوْلُهَا

فَارْتَاحَ هُوَ بِالْحَاءِ وَفِي الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَ الصَّحِيحَيْنِ لِلْحُمَيْدِي فَارْتَاعَ بِالْعَيْنِ وَمَعْنَاهُ اهْتَمْ بِهِ .

344. Narrated by Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said, “Among the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), I never felt as jealous of anyone as I did of Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her), although I had never seen her. However, he often mentioned her. Sometimes he would slaughter a sheep, cut it into pieces, and send them to Khadijah’s friends. At times I would say to him, ‘It seems that there was no woman in the world except Khadijah.’ He would say, ‘She was such-and-such,’ praising her in various ways, ‘and I had several children by her.’”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith. Another narration states: Whenever he slaughtered a sheep, he would send as much of its meat as possible to Khadijah’s friends. Another narration states: When he slaughtered a sheep, he would say, “Send meat to the homes of Khadijah’s friends.” Another narration states: Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said, “Halah (may Allah be pleased with her), the daughter of Khuwaylid and sister of Khadijah, asked permission to meet the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He then remembered Khadijah’s asking permission and became emotional. He said, ‘O Allah, Halah bint Khuwaylid has come!’”

٣٤٥ – عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَجَلِي رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي سَفَرٍ فَكَانَ يَخْدُمُنِي فَقُلْتُ لَهُ لَا تَفْعَلُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَدْ رايت الْأَنْصَارَ تَصْنَعُ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا أَلَيْتُ

عَلَى نَفْسِي أن لا أَصْحَب أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا خَدَمْتُهُ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ

345. Narrated by Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). He said, “I set out on a journey with Jarir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He began serving me. I said to him, ‘Do not do that.’ He said, ‘I used to see the Ansar doing many things for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), so I vowed that whenever I accompanied any of them, I would serve him.’”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

Section 43 — The status of the family of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and honoring them

The status of the family of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and honoring them.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا.

Allah the Exalted says:

“Allah only intends to remove impurity from you, O people of the Prophet’s household, and to purify you completely.” (Surah al-Ahzab: 33)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَمَنْ يُعَظِمْ شَعَائِرَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ تَقْوَى الْقُلُوْبِ .

“Whoever honors the symbols of Allah, indeed, it is from the piety of the hearts.” (Surah al-Hajj: 32)

٣٤٦ – عَنْ يَزِيدِ بْنِ حِبَّانَ قَالَ انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَحُصَيْنُ بْنُ سَبْرَةً وَعَمْرُو بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ إلى زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْنَا إِلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ حُصَيْنٌ لَقَدْ لَقِيتَ يَا زَيْدُ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا رَأَيْتَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

وَسَمِعْتَ حَدِيثَهُ وَغَزَوْتَ مَعَهُ وَصَلَّيْتَ خَلْفَهُ لَقَدْ لَقِيتَ يَا زَيْدُ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا حَدِثْنَا يَا زَيْدُ مَا سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ كَبِرَتْ سِنِي وَقَدَمَ عَهْدِي وَنَسِيتُ بَعْضَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَعِى

مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَا حَدَّثْتُكُمْ فَاقْبَلُوا وَمَا لا فَلَا تُكَلِّفُونِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا فِيْنَا خَطِيبًا بِمَاءٍ يُدْعَى خُمَّا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَاثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَوَعَظَ وَذَكِّرَ ثُمَّ قَالَ

أَمَّا بَعْدُ أَلَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ رَسُولُ رَبِّي فَأَجِيْبَ وَأَنَا تَارِكٌ فِيكُمْ ثَقَلَيْنِ أَولُهُمَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ فِيْهِ الْهُدَى وَالنُّورُ فَخُذُوا بكتاب الله وَاسْتَمْسِكُوا بِهِ فَحَتْ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ وَرَغْبَ فِيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ واهْلُ بَيْتِي

أُذكِّرُكُمُ اللهَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي أُذكِّرُكُمُ اللَّهَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي فَقَالَ لَهُ حُصَيْنُ وَمَنْ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ يَا زَيْدُ الَيْسَ نِسَاؤُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ؟ قَالَ نِسَاؤُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَلَكِنْ أَهْلُ بَيْتِهِ مَنْ حُرِمَ الصَّدَقَةَ بَعْدَهُ قَالَ وَمَنْ هُمْ؟ قَالَ هُمْ أَلْ عَلِيٌّ

وَأَلْ عقيل وَال جَعْفَرٍ وَأَنَّ عَبَّاس قَالَ كُلُّ هؤلاء حُرِمَ الصَّدَقَةَ قَالَ نَعَمْ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وفي روايةٍ أَلَا وَإِنِّي تَارِكٌ فِيكُمْ ثَقَلَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ حَبْلُ اللَّهِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ كَانَ عَلَى الْهُدَى وَمَنْ تَرَكَهُ كَانَ عَلَى ضَلَالَةٍ .

346. It is narrated from Yazid ibn Hayyan (may Allah have mercy on him). He said: Husayn ibn Sabrah, Amr ibn Muslim (may Allah have mercy on him), and I went to Zayd ibn Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him). When we sat with him, Husayn said to him, “O Zayd! You have attained abundant goodness. You saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), heard his hadith, accompanied him in battle, and prayed behind him. O Zayd! You have attained abundant goodness. O Zayd, tell us what you heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).” He said, “O nephew! By Allah, I have grown old, have lived a long life, and have forgotten some of what I memorized from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Therefore, accept whatever I tell you, and do not trouble me regarding what I do not tell you.” Then he said: One day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood to deliver a sermon before us near a well called Khumm, situated between Makkah and Madinah. He praised and glorified Almighty Allah, exhorted the people, and reminded them (of matters of peace and punishment), then said: “O people! Listen carefully. I am only a human being, and soon the messenger of my Lord may come to me, and I will have to accept Allah’s decree. I am leaving two things among you. The first is the Book of Allah, which contains guidance and light. Hold fast to the Book of Allah and adhere firmly to it.” (Zayd said:) He encouraged us to follow the Book of Allah and urged us to act according to it. Then he said: “The second is my Ahl al-Bayt (family). I remind you of Allah concerning my Ahl al-Bayt; I remind you of Allah concerning my Ahl al-Bayt (do not forget them).” Husayn said to him, “O Zayd, who are his Ahl al-Bayt? Are his wives not included among his Ahl al-Bayt?” He said, “His wives are also included among his Ahl al-Bayt. In a broader sense, after his death, those for whom receiving charity was forbidden are also included among his family.” He (Husayn) said, “Who are they?” He (Zayd) said, “They are the descendants of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), Aqil (may Allah be pleased with him), Ja‘far (may Allah be pleased with him), and Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).” He said, “Was charity forbidden to all of them?” He (Zayd) said, “Yes.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration states: Beware! I am leaving two important things among you. One of them is the Book of Allah—and it is Allah’s rope (the connection between Him and His servants). Whoever follows it will remain on the rightly guided path, while whoever abandons it will go astray.

٣٤٧ – عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ الصِّدِيقِ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ ارْقُبُوا مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ ، مَعْنَى ار قُبُوهُ رَاعُوهُ وَاحْتَرِمُوهُ وَأَكْرِمُوهُ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .

347. It is narrated from Ibn Umar through Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) as a mawquf narration. He (Abu Bakr) said: Show respect for Muhammad’s (peace and blessings be upon him) family and remember his excellence.

Imam Bukhari narrated this hadith.

Section 44: Showing respect to scholars, the elderly, and honored people; giving them precedence over others; explaining the importance of their assemblies and gatherings, and their honor and influence

Showing respect to scholars, the elderly, and honored people; giving them precedence over others; explaining the importance of their assemblies and gatherings, and their honor and influence.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الَّذِيْنَ يَعْلَمُونَ وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِنَّمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ أولُوا الْأَلْبَابِ .

Almighty Allah says:

“Ask them: Can those who know and those who do not know ever be equal? Only people of understanding take heed.” (Surah az-Zumar: 9)

٣٤٨- عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَمْرُو الْبَدْرِي الْأَنْصَارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمُ الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا في الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءٌ فَاعْلَمُهُمْ بِالسُّنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءٌ

فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاء فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ سِنًا وَلَا يَؤْمِنُ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا يَقْعُدُ فِي بَيْتِهِ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ إِلا بِإِذْنِهِ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُ فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ سلمًا بَدَلَ سِنَّا أَي إِسْلَامًا وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ يَؤُمُ

الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَأَقْدَمُهُمْ قِرَاءَةٌ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ قِرَاءَتُهُمْ سَوَاءٌ فَيَوْمُهُمْ أَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءٌ فَلْيَوْمُهُمْ أَكْبَرُهُمْ سِنًا ، وَالْمُرَادُ بِسُلْطَانِهِ مَحَلُّ وَلَآيَتِهِ أَوِ الْمَوْضِعُ الَّذِي يَخْتَصُّ بِهِ وَتَكْرِمَتُهُ بِفَتْحِ النَّاءِ

وَكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ وَهِيَ مَا يَنْفَرِدُ بِهِ مِنْ فِرَاشِ وسرير ونحوهما .

348. It is narrated from Abu Masud Uqbah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The one among the people who recites the Qur’an best should lead them in prayer. If they are equal in recitation of the Qur’an, then the one who has greater knowledge of the Sunnah should lead them [that is, the person who knows more legal issues—meaning the one more knowledgeable about Islamic law—should lead the congregation. If they are equal in this regard, then the one who recites the Qur’an better should lead them. This is the meaning of the hadith according to Imam Abu Hanifah and Imam al-Shafi‘i]. If they are also equal in knowledge of the Sunnah, then the one who migrated first should lead them. If they are equal in migration, then the oldest should lead them. No one should lead another in the latter’s domain of authority without his permission, nor should anyone sit in the place of honor in another’s house without his permission.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. In another narration, in place of being foremost in age, it mentions being foremost in accepting Islam. Another narration states: The one among the people who recites the Book of Allah best and is foremost in recitation should lead them in prayer. If they are equal in recitation, then the one foremost in migration should lead them. If they are also equal in migration, then the oldest among them should lead them.

٣٤٩ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَمْسَحُ مَنَاكِبَنَا فِي الصَّلاةِ وَيَقُولُ اسْتَوُوا وَلَا تَخْتَلِفُوا فَتَخْتَلِفَ قُلُوبُكُمْ لِيَلِنِي مِنْكُمْ أَوْلُو الْأَحْلامِ والنهى ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُوْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُوْنَهُمْ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ . وَقَوْلُهُ

صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيَلِنِي هُوَ بِتَخْفِيفِ النُّونِ وَلَيْسَ قَبْلَهَا يَاءُ وَرُوِيَ بِتَشْدِيدِ النُّوْنِ مَعَ يَاء قَبْلَهَا وَالنُّهَى الْعَقُولُ وَأُولُو الْأَحْلامِ هُمُ الْبَالِغُوْنَ وَقِيلَ أَهْلُ الْحِلْمِ وَالْفَضْلِ .

349. It is narrated from Abu Masud Uqbah ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would place his hands on our shoulders in the prayer rows and say: “Stand straight and do not stand unevenly, lest your hearts become divided” (that is, lest disagreement arise in your hearts).

Those among you who are mature and knowledgeable should stand nearest to me (in the first row), followed by those closest to them (in age and knowledge), and then those closest to them (in both respects).
Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٥٠- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيَلِنِي مِنْكُمْ أُولُو الْأَحْلامِ وَالنُّهَى ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُوْنَهُمْ ثَلَاثًا وَأَيَّاكُمْ وَهَيْشَاتِ الْأَسْوَاقِ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.

350. It is narrated from Abdullah ibn Masud (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Those among you who are mature and knowledgeable should stand nearest to me (in the first row), followed by those closest to them (in age and knowledge).” He said this three times. “Beware of turning the mosque into a marketplace” (do not make noise in the mosque as in a marketplace).

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٥١ – عَنْ أَبِي يَحْى وَقِيلَ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثَمَةً بِفَتْحِ الْحَاءِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَاسْكَانِ الشَّاءِ الْمُثَلَثَةِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ انْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَهْلِ وَمُحَبِّصَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ وَهِيَ يَوْمَئِذٍ صُلْحٌ فَتَفَرِّقَا

فَأَتَى مُحَبِّصَةُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَهْلِ وَهُوَ يَتَشَحْطُ فِي دَمِهِ قَتِيلاً فَدَفَنَهُ ثُمَّ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَانْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَهْلِ وَمُحَبِّصَةً وَحُوَيْصَةُ ابْنَا مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَهَبَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَتَكَلَّمُ فَقَالَ

كَبِّرُ كَبِرُ وَهُوَ أَحْدَثُ الْقَوْمِ فَسَكَتَ فَتَكَلَّمَا فَقَالَ اتَحْلِفُونَ وَتَسْتَحِقُونَ قَاتِلَكُمْ ؟ وَذَكَرَ تَمَامَ الْحَدِيْثِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَقَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَبِرُ كَيْرٌ مَعْنَاهُ يَتَكَلَّمُ الْأَكْبَرُ.

351. It is narrated from Abu Yahya—or, according to another view, Abu Muhammad—Sahl ibn Abi Hathmah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Abdullah ibn Sahl and Muhayyisah ibn Masud went to the region of Khaybar. At that time, the people of Khaybar were bound by a peace treaty with the Muslims. Then the two separated, each attending to his own task. Later, Muhayyisah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to Abdullah ibn Sahl and found him lying dead, severely wounded and covered in blood. He buried him and then returned to Madinah. Abd al-Rahman ibn Sahl and the two sons of Masud, Muhayyisah and Huwayyisah, came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When Abd al-Rahman was about to speak, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Let the older one speak; let the older one speak.” Abd al-Rahman was the youngest of the group, so he remained silent. Then Muhayyisah and Huwayyisah both spoke. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Can you swear that you know who the murderer is? If so, you will be entitled to the blood money.” The remainder of the hadith was then narrated.

Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٥٢ – عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ مِنْ قَتْلَى أَحَدٍ يَعْنِي فِي الْقَبْرِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَيُّهُمَا أَكْثَرُ أَخِدًا لِلْقُرْآنِ؟ فَإِذَا أَشِيْرَ لَهُ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا قَدَّمَهُ فِي اللَّحْدِ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

352. It is narrated from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would gather two martyrs killed at Uhud for burial in the same grave, then ask: “Which of these two had memorized more of the Qur’an?” When one of them was indicated to him, he would place him first (on the right side) in the grave.

Imam Bukhari narrated this hadith.

٣٥٣- عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أراني فِي الْمَنَامِ أَتَسَولُ بِسِوَاكَ فَجَا عَنِي رَجُلَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا أَكْبَرُ مِنَ الْآخَرِ فَنَاوَلْتُ السواكَ الْأَصْغَرَ فَقِيلَ لِى كَبِّرُ فَدَفَعْتُهُ إِلَى الْأَكْبَرِ مِنْهُمَا – رَوَاهُ

مُسْلِمٌ مُشْنَدًا وَالْبُخَارِي تَعْلِيقا .

353. It is narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I saw in a dream that I was cleaning my teeth with a miswak. Two men came to me, one older than the other. When I was about to give the miswak to the younger man, I was told, ‘Give it to the older one.’ So I gave the miswak to the older of the two.”

Imam Muslim mentioned this hadith with its complete chain of transmission, while Imam Bukhari narrated it without mentioning the chain.

٣٥٤ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ مِنْ اجْلاَلِ اللهِ تَعَالَى إِكْرَامَ ذِي الشَّيْبَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ وَحَامِلِ الْقُرْآنِ غَيْرِ الْغَالِي فِيْهِ وَالْجَافِى عَنْهُ وَإِكْرَامَ ذِي السُّلْطَانِ الْمُقْسِطِ حَدِيْثٌ

حَسَنٌ رواه أبو داود

354. It is narrated from Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Showing respect to an elderly Muslim, honoring a bearer of the Qur’an (an expert in the Qur’an) who neither exaggerates regarding it nor neglects it, and honoring a just ruler are all part of honoring Almighty Allah.”

This is a hasan hadith. Imam Abu Dawud narrated it.

٣٥٥ – عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَن أَبِيْهِ عَنْ جَدِهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَرْحَمُ صَغِيرَنَا وَيَعْرِفُ شَرَفَ كَبِيرِنَا – حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ التَّرْمِذِيُّ حَدِيثٌ

حَسَنٌ صحيح وفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ حَقٌّ كَبِيرِنَا

355. It is narrated from Amr ibn Shuayb, through his father and grandfather (may Allah be pleased with them). He (the grandfather) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He is not one of us who does not show affection and mercy to our young and does not recognize the honor and status of our elders.”

This is a sahih hadith. Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated it. Imam al-Tirmidhi said that the hadith is hasan and sahih. Another narration by Abu Dawud states: “He is not one of us who does not recognize the rights of our elders.”

٣٥٦ – عَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ أَبِي شَبِيبٍ أَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا مَرَّ بِهَا سَائِلٌ فاعطتُهُ كِسْرَةً وَمَرْ بِهَا رَجُلٌ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ وَهَيْئَةٌ فَأَقْعَدَتْهُ فَأَكَلَ فَقِيلَ لَهَا فِي ذلِكَ ؟ فَقَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ انْزِلُوا النَّاسَ

مَنَازِلَهُمْ – رَوَاهُ أبو داود لكنْ قَالَ مَيْمُونُ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عَائِشَةَ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي أَوَّلِ صَحِيحِهِ تَعْلِيْقًا فَقَالَ وَذُكِرَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تُنْزِلَ النَّاسَ مَنَازِلَهُمْ وَذَكَرَهُ

الْحَاكِمُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي كِتَابِهِ مَعْرِفَةِ عُلُومِ الْحَدِيثِ وَقَالَ هُوَ حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ .

356. It is narrated from Maymun ibn Abi Shuayb (may Allah have mercy on him). A beggar passed before Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and she gave him a piece of bread. Then a well-dressed man passed before her, so she seated him and gave him food. When she was asked about this, she said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Give people their proper places according to their status.” Imam Abu Dawud narrated this hadith, but stated that Maymun did not meet Aishah. Imam Muslim mentioned it in his Sahih collection as a muallaq hadith. He said that Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) stated: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed us to give people their proper places according to their status.” Imam al-Hakim Abu Abdullah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated this hadith in his book Ma‘rifat Ulum al-Hadith and said that it is a sahih hadith.

٣٥٧- عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَدِمَ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنٍ فَنَزَلَ عَلَى ابْنِ أَخِيهِ الْحُرِّ بْنِ قَيْسٍ وَكَانَ مِنَ النَّفَرِ الَّذِينَ يُدْنِيْهِمْ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَكَانَ الْقُراءُ أَصْحَابَ مَجْلِسٍ عُمَرَ وَمُشَاوَرَتِهِ كُهُوْلاً كَانُوا أَوْ شُبَّانًا فَقَالَ

عُيَيْنَةٌ لِابْنِ آخِيْهِ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لَكَ وَجْهُ عِنْدَ هَذَا الْأَمِيرِ فَاسْتَأْذِنُ لِيْ عَلَيْهِ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ لَهُ فَأَذِنَ لَهُ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ قَالَ هِي يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا تُعْطِينَا الجزلَ وَلَا تَحْكُمُ فِينَا بِالْعَدْلِ فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ

عَنْهُ حَتَّى هَمْ أَنْ يُوقِعَ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُرُّ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ لِنَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الخُذِ الْعَفْوَ وَأْمُرْ بِالْعُرْفِ وَأَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْجَاهِلِينَ) وَإِنَّ هَذَا مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ وَاللَّهِ مَا جَاوَزَهَا عُمَرُ حِينَ تَلاهَا عَلَيْهِ وَكَانَ

وَفَّافًا عِنْدَ كِتَابِ اللهِ تَعَالَى رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ.

357. It is narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Uyaynah ibn Hisn came (to Madinah) and stayed as a guest with his nephew, al-Hurr ibn Qays. Al-Hurr ibn Qays was among the people closest to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). The Qur’an reciters were also members of Umar’s council and consultation assembly, whether they were young or old. Uyaynah said to his nephew, “O nephew! You have easy access to this leader (Umar). Obtain permission for me to meet him.” He asked him for permission, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) granted it. When Uyaynah entered, he said, “O son of al-Khattab, by Allah! You neither give us enough nor judge between us with fairness.” Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) became very angry and even intended to reprimand him severely. Al-Hurr said to him, “O Commander of the Believers! Almighty Allah says to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): ‘Adopt forgiveness, enjoin what is right, and turn away from the ignorant’ (Surah al-A‘raf: 199). This man is one of the ignorant.” By Allah, when Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) heard this verse, he did not advance at all from his place. He was the person most obedient to the Book of Allah.

Imam Bukhari narrated this hadith.

٣٥٨ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غُلَامًا فَكُنْتُ أَحْفَظُ عَنْهُ فَمَا يَمْنَعُنِي مِنَ الْقَوْلِ إِلا أَنْ هُهُنَا رِجَالاً هُمْ أَسَنُ مِنَى مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

358. It is narrated from Samurah ibn Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: During the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I was a young boy. I would memorize hadith from him. Nothing prevented me from narrating these hadith except one thing: there were some men here who were older than I was (and I considered it inappropriate to narrate hadith in their presence).

Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٥٩- عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا اكْرَمَ شَابٌ شَيْئًا لِسَبِّهِ إِلا قَبْضَ اللهُ لَهُ مَنْ يُكْرِمُهُ عِنْدَ سِنَهِ رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِنِي وَقَالَ حَدِيْثٌ غَرِيبٌ.

359. It is narrated from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If a young person honors an elderly person because of his old age, Allah will appoint someone to honor him in his old age.”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said that it is a gharib hadith.

Section 45: Visiting righteous people, participating in their gatherings, keeping their company, loving them, seeking to meet them, asking them to supplicate, and visiting blessed and honored places

Visiting righteous people, participating in their gatherings, keeping their company, loving them, seeking to meet them, asking them to supplicate, and visiting blessed and honored places.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَى لِفَتَاهُ لا أَبْرَحُ حَتَّى أَبْلُغَ مَجْمَعَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ أَوْ أَمْضِيَ حُقُبًا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى هَلْ أَتَّبِعُكَ عَلَى أَنْ تُعَلِّمَنِ مِمَّا علمت رشدا .

Almighty Allah says:

“And when Moses said to his attendant, ‘I will not cease travelling until I reach the junction of the two seas, or I will continue for ages.’ When they reached the junction of the two seas, they forgot their fish, and it made its way into the sea as through a tunnel. After proceeding farther, Moses said to his attendant, ‘Bring us our breakfast; indeed, we have suffered weariness on this journey.’ He said, ‘Did you see what happened when we took refuge at the rock? I forgot the fish, and Satan caused me to be so heedless that I forgot to mention it. It made its way into the sea in a wondrous manner.’ Moses said, ‘That is what we were seeking.’ So they retraced their footsteps. There they found a servant among Our servants, whom We had blessed with mercy from Us and taught special knowledge from Our presence. Moses said to him, ‘May I follow you so that you may teach me some of the knowledge that you have been taught?’” (Surah al-Kahf: 60–66)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَاصْبِرُ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَلَا تَعْدُ عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْ .

“Keep yourself steadfast in the company of those who call upon their Lord morning and evening, seeking His pleasure, and do not let your eyes turn away from them.” (Surah al-Kahf: 28)

٣٦٠ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ انْطَلِقِ بِنَا إِلَى أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا نَزُورُهَا كَمَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَزُورُهَا فَلَمَّا

انْتَهَيَا إِلَيْهَا بَكَتْ فَقَالاً لَهَا مَا يُبْكِيْكِ أَمَا تَعْلَمِينَ أَنَّ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي لَا أَبْكِي أَنِّي لَا أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى خَيْرٌ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَكِنْ أَبْكِي أَنَّ

الْوَحَى قَدْ انْقَطَعَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَهَيْجَتْهُمَا عَلَى الْبُكَاءِ فَجَعَلا يَبْكِيَانِ مَعَهَا – رواه مسلم.

360. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: After the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), “Come with us to Umm Ayman (may Allah be pleased with her); we shall visit her as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to visit her.” [Umm Ayman (may Allah be pleased with her) had cared for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in his childhood and served him during his youth. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) emancipated her and married her to Zayd ibn Harithah. He held her in great esteem and used to say, “Umm Ayman is like my mother.”] When they both reached her, she began to weep. They said to her, “Why are you weeping? Do you not know that what is with Allah is better for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?” She said, “I am not weeping because I do not know that what is with Allah Most High is better for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); rather, I am weeping because revelation will no longer descend from heaven.” Her words moved them both, and they began to weep with her.

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

٣٦١ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا زَارَ أَذًا لَهُ فِي قَرْيَةٍ أُخْرَى فَأَرْصَدَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى مَدْرَجَتِهِ مَلَكًا فَلَمَّا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ قَالَ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ أَرِيدُ أَذًا لِي فِي هَذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ قَالَ هَلْ لَكَ

عَلَيْهِ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ تَرَبُّهَا عَلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ لَا غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَحْبَبْتُهُ فِي اللَّهِ قَالَ فَإِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَحَبَّكَ كَمَا أَحْبَبْتَهُ فِيهِ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ . يُقَالُ أَرْصَدَهُ لِكَذَا إِذَا وَكُلَهُ بحِفْظِهِ وَالْمَدْرَجَةُ بِفَتْحِ الْمِيم والراءِ الطَّرِيقُ وَمَعْنَى تَرَبُّهَا

تَقُومُ بِهَا وَتَسْعَى في صلاحها .

361. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated this hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): A man went to visit a brother of his who lived in another city. Allah Most High appointed an angel for him on the road. When he came along that road, the angel asked, “Where do you intend to go?” The man replied, “I am going to visit a brother of mine who lives in this city.” The angel asked, “Do you have any claim upon him for which you are seeking repayment?” He replied, “No; I love him only for the sake of Allah Most High, and have no other interest.” The angel said, “I have come to you as Allah’s messenger to inform you that Allah loves you just as you love that man for His sake.”

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

٣٦٢ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ عَادَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ زَارَ أَنَّا لَهُ فِي اللهِ نَادَاهُ مُنَادٍ بِأَنْ طَبْتَ وَطَابَ مَمْشَاكَ وَتَبَوَّأْتَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ مَنْزِلاً -رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ وَفِي بَعْضِ النُّسَخِ غَرِيبٌ .

362. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Whoever visits a sick person or visits his brother for the sake of Allah, a caller calls out to him: ‘You are blessed; blessed is your walking, and you have taken up a dwelling in Paradise.’”

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated the hadith. He said, “It is a hasan hadith”; in some manuscripts, it is described as gharib.

٣٦٣ – عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الْجَلِيسِ الصَّالِحِ وَجَلِيسِ السُّوْءِ كَحَامِلِ الْمِسْكِ وَنَافِخَ الْكِيْرِ فَحَامِلُ الْمِسْكِ إِمَّا أَنْ يُحْذِيَكَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَبْتَاعَ مِنْهُ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَجِدَ

مِنْهُ رِيحًا طَيِّبَةً وَنَافِخُ الْكَيْرِ إِمَّا أَنْ يُحْرِقَ ثِيَابَكَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَجِدَ مِنْهُ رِيحًا مُنْتِنَةً مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ يُحْذِيَكَ يُعْطِيكَ.

363. Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “The example of a righteous companion and an evil companion is like that of a musk seller and a blacksmith operating bellows. The musk seller will either give you musk free of charge, or you will buy some from him; and if neither occurs, at least you will find a pleasant fragrance from him. The blacksmith operating bellows will either burn your clothes, or you will find an unpleasant smell from him.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

٣٦٤ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأةُ لِأَرْبَعِ لِمَالِهَا وَلِحَسَبِهَا وَلِجَمَالِهَا وَلِدِينِهَا فَاظْفَرُ بِذَاتِ الدِّينِ تربَتْ يَدَاكَ – مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَمَعْنَى ذَلِكَ أَنَّ النَّاسِ يَقْصِدُونَ فِي الْعَادَةِ مِنَ

الْمَرْأَةِ هذِهِ الْخِصَالِ الْأَرْبَعِ فَاحْرِضُ أَنْتَ عَلَى ذَاتِ الدِّينِ وَأَظْفَرُ بِهَا وَأَخْرِصُ عَلَى صُحْبَتِهَا .

364. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “A woman is married for four reasons: her wealth, her lineage, her beauty, and her religion. So seek the one who is religiously committed; may your hands be blessed.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith. Its meaning is that men naturally consider these four qualities when choosing a bride. Therefore, you should be eager to obtain a religiously committed wife, strive earnestly to marry her, and make her your life companion.

٣٦٥ – عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لجِبْرِيلَ مَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَزُورَنَا أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا تَزُورُنَا ؟ فَنَزَلَتْ وَمَا نَتَنَزِّلُ إِلَّا بِأَمْرِ رَبِّكَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَمَا خَلْفَنَا وَمَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ .

365. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Gabriel (peace be upon him), “What prevents you from visiting us more often than you do?” Then this verse was revealed: “We do not descend except by the command of your Lord. To Him belongs whatever is before us, whatever is behind us, and whatever is between them. Your Lord never forgets.”

(Surah Maryam: 64)

Imam al-Bukhari narrated the hadith.

٣٦٦ – عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تُصَاحِبُ إِلا مُؤْمِنًا وَلَا يَأْكُل طَعَامَكَ إِلا تَقِيُّ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِي باسْنَادِ لا بَأْسَ بِه.

366. Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Do not keep company with anyone except a believer, and let no one eat your food except a God-fearing person.” Imam Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi narrated the hadith with a sound chain of transmission.

٣٦٧ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دِيْنِ خَلِيلِهِ فَلْيَنْظُر أَحَدُكُمْ مَنْ يُخَالِلُ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِي بِإِسْنَادِ صحِيحِ وَقَالَ التَّرْمِذِى حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .

367. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “A person follows the religion of his close friend, so let each of you consider whom he takes as a close friend.” [The word “religion” is used here in a broad sense; besides a way of life, it also includes overall conduct, manners, and lifestyle.]

Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated the hadith with a sound chain of transmission.

Al-Tirmidhi said, “It is a hasan hadith.”

٣٦٨- عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمُرْءُ مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبِّ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ قِيلَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الرَّجُلُ يُحِبُّ الْقَوْمَ وَلَمَّا يَلْحَقُ بِهِمْ ؟ قَالَ الْمَرْءُ مَعَ

مَنْ أَحَبُّ .

368. Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “A person will be with the one he loves.” Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith. In another narration, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked, “A man loves a people but has not joined them; what is his status?” He said, “A person is with those whom he loves.”

٣٦٩ – عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ أَعْرَابِيا قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا أَعْدَدْتُ لَهَا ؟ قَالَ حُبُّ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ قَالَ أَنْتَ مَعَ مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَهُذَا

لَفْظُ مُسْلِمٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَهُمَا مَا أَعْدَدْتُ لَهَا مِنْ كَثِيرِ صَوْمٍ وَلا صَلَاةٍ ولا صَدَقَةٍ وَلَكِنِّي أُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ .

369. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A Bedouin asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), “When will the Hour be?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “What have you prepared for it?” He replied, “Love for Allah and His Messenger.” He said, “You will be with the one you love.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith; the wording is Muslim’s. In another narration by both of them, he said, “I have not prepared much in the way of fasting, prayer, or charity, but I love Allah and His Messenger.”

۳۷۰- عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ أَحَبٌ قَوْمًا وَلَمْ يَلْحَقُ بِهِمْ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَرْءُ مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبٌ

مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

370. Ibn Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah, what do you say about a man who loves a people but has not joined them?” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “A person will be with the one he loves on the Day of Resurrection.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated the hadith.

۳۷۱- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ النَّاسُ مَعَادِنُ كَمَعَادَنِ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ خِيَارُهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ خَيَارُهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ إِذا فَقَهُوا وَالْأَرْوَاحُ جُنُودٌ مُجَنَّدَةً فَمَا تَعَارَفَ مِنْهَا اخْتَلَفَ وَمَا

تَنَاكَرَ مِنْهَا اخْتَلَفَ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَرَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ قَوْلُهُ الْأَرْوَاحُ إِلَى آخِرِهِ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا .

371. Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “People are like mines, like mines of gold and silver. The best of them in the Age of Ignorance are the best of them in Islam when they gain understanding. Souls are assembled troops: those among them that recognize one another are drawn together, and those that do not recognize one another remain apart.”

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith. Imam al-Bukhari narrated it from A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), beginning with the words “Souls” and continuing to the end of the hadith.

 فكان بك برص ۳۷۲- عَنْ أَسَيْرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَيُقَالُ ابْنُ جَابِرٍ وَهُوَ بِضَمِّ الْهَمْزَةِ وَفَتْحِ السِّينِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ قَالَ كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِذَا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ أَمْدَادُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ سَأَلَهُمْ أَفِيكُمْ أَوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ ؟ حَتَّى أَتَى

عَلَى أَوَيْسُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَنْتَ أَوَيْسُ ابْنُ عَامِرٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرْنٍ ۚ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ برص فَبَرَاتَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَم ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَكَ وَالِدَةٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

يَقُولُ يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُم أَوَيْنُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَشدَادٍ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرْن كَانَ بِهِ بَرَصَ فَبَرًا مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْطِعَ درهم لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ هُوَ بِهَا بَرَ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللهِ لَا بَرِّهُ فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَن يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي فَاسْتَغْفَرَ

لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ الْكُوفَةَ قَالَ أَلَا اكتُبُ لَكَ إِلى عَامِلهَا ؟ قَالَ أَكُونُ فِي غَيْرَاءِ النَّاسِ أَحَبُّ إِلَى فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ العامِ الْمُقْبِلِ حَجٌ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْرَائِهِمْ فَوَافَى عُمَرَ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ أَوَشٍ فَقَالَ تَرَكْتُهُ رَبِّ الْبَيْتِ قَلِيْلَ

الْمَتَاعِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُمْ أَوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَمْدَادٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرْنٍ كَانَ بِهِ بَرَصَ فَبَرَا مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَم لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ هُوَ بِهَا بَرَ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَهُ

فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ فَأَتَى أَوَيْسًا فَقَالَ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي قَالَ أَنْتَ أحْدَثُ عَهْدًا بِسَفَرٍ صَالِحٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي قَالَ لَقِيتَ عُمَرَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ فَقَطِنَ لَهُ النَّاسُ فَانْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ

وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسلِم أَيْضًا عَنْ أَسَيْرِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْكُوفَةِ وَقَدُوا عَلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَفِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ يَسْخَرُ بِأَوَيْشِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ هَل فَهُنَا أَحَدٌ مِّنَ الْقَرَنِيِّينَ فَجَاءَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنْ رَسُولَ

اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلًا يَأْتِيْكُمْ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَوَيْسٌ لَا يَدَعُ بِالْيَمَنِ غَيْرَ أَمْ لَهُ قَدْ كَانَ بِهِ بَيَاضٌ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى فَاذْهَبَهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ الدِّيْنَارِ أَوِ الدرْهَم فَمَنْ لَقِيَهُ مِنْكُمْ فَلْيَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ.

وفي روايَةٍ لَهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِنْ خَيْرَ التَّابِعِينَ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَوَيْسَ وَلَهُ وَالِدَةً وَكَانَ بِهِ بَيَاضِ فَصُرُوهُ فَلْيَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ . قَوْلَهُ غَيْرَاءِ النَّاسِ بِفَتْحِ الْغَيْنِ

الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَاشْكَانِ الْبَاءِ وَبِالْمَدِ وَهُمْ فُقَرَاؤُهُمْ وَصَعَالِيْكُهُمْ وَمَنْ لَا تُعْرَفُ عَيْنُهُ مِنْ أَخْلاطِهِمْ وَالْأَمْدَادُ جَمْعُ مَدَدٍ وَهُمُ الْأَعْوَانُ وَالنَّاصِرُونَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُمِدُونَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي الْجِهَادِ .

372. Usayr ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him), also called Ibn Jabir, reported: When delegations of helpers from the people of Yemen came to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he asked them, “Is Uways ibn Amir among you?” Eventually he met Uways (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him, “Are you from the Murad tribe, from the Qarani subtribe?” He replied, “Yes.” He asked, “Did you suffer from leprosy, recover from it, with only an area the size of a dirham remaining?” He replied, “Yes.” He asked, “Is your mother alive?” He replied, “Yes.” Umar said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘A man named Uways ibn Amir will come to you with the helpers from Yemen. He will be from Murad, from the Qarani subtribe. He will have suffered from leprosy and will recover from it, except for an area the size of a dirham. His mother will be alive, and he will be devoted to her. If he swears by Allah concerning something, Allah will fulfill his oath. If you can ask him to seek forgiveness for you, then do so.’” Umar said, “So ask Allah to forgive my sins.” He did so. Umar asked him, “Where do you intend to go?” He replied, “Kufah.” Umar said, “Shall I write to its governor on your behalf?” He replied, “Living among the poor is dearer to me.” The following year, a prominent man from Kufah came for pilgrimage. Umar met him and asked about Uways. He said, “I left him in a state in which his house was extremely dilapidated and his provisions were very meager.” Umar said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: ‘A man named Uways ibn Amir will come to you with the helpers from Yemen. He will be from Murad, from the Qarani lineage. He will have suffered from leprosy and will recover from it, except for an area the size of a dirham. His mother will be alive, and he will be devoted to her. If he swears by Allah concerning something, He will fulfill it. If you can ask him to seek forgiveness for your sins, then do so.’” The man returned and went to Uways, saying, “Ask Allah to forgive my sins.” Uways replied, “You have just returned from a blessed journey; rather, ask Allah to forgive my sins.” The man asked, “Did you meet Umar?” He replied, “Yes.” Uways then sought forgiveness for him. When people became aware of Uways’s rank, he departed from that place.

Imam Muslim narrated the hadith. In another narration by Muslim, from Usayr ibn Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), it is reported that the people of Kufah sent a delegation to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Among them was a man who used to mock Uways. Umar asked, “Is there anyone here from the Qarani lineage?” When that man came forward, Umar said, “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘A man named Uways will come to you from Yemen. He will leave his mother alone in Yemen. He will suffer from leprosy, then supplicate Allah, and He will cure him, except for an area the size of a dinar or dirham. Whoever among you meets him should ask him to seek forgiveness for you.’”

In another narration by Muslim, from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), he reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say, “Among the Successors there will be an excellent man named Uways. His mother will be alive, and there will be a mark of leprosy on his body. Go to him and ask him to seek forgiveness for you.”

۳۷۳- عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْعُمْرَةِ فَأَذِنَ لِي وَقَالَ لا تَنْسَانَا يَا أَخَى مِنْ دُعَائِكَ فَقَالَ كَلِمَةً ما يَسُرُّنِي أَنَّ لِي بِهَا الدُّنْيَا وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ أَشْرِكْنَا يَا أَخَى فِي

دُعَائِكَ حَدِيثُ صَحِيحَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

373. Narrated by Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) for permission to perform Umrah. He granted me permission and said: “My younger brother, do not forget us in your supplications.” (Umar said:) He uttered such words that, even if the whole world had been given to me in exchange for them, I would not have been happier. Another narration states that he said: “My younger brother, include us in your supplications.”

This is a sahih hadith. Imam Abu Dawud and Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated it. Al-Tirmidhi said: It is a hasan and sahih hadith.

٣٧٤- عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُزُورُ قُبَاءَ رَاكِبًا وَمَاشِيًا فَيُصَلِّى فِيهِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْتِي مَسْجِدَ قُبَاءَ كُلِّ سَبْتِ رَاكِبًا وَمَاشِيًا

وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ يَفْعَلُهُ.

374. Narrated by Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). He said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would visit Quba, riding or walking, and pray two rakahs in its mosque.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration states: Every Saturday, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would come to the Quba Mosque, riding or walking. Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to do the same.

Chapter 46 — The virtue of loving for the sake of Allah and encouragement to do so; informing someone when one loves him and the manner of informing him

The virtue of loving for the sake of Allah and encouragement to do so; informing someone when one loves him and the manner of informing him.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : مُحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللهِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ أَشِدَّاءُ عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ رُحَمَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ .

The Almighty Allah says:

“Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Those with him are severe against the disbelievers and compassionate among themselves. You will see them bowing and prostrating, seeking Allah’s bounty and pleasure. The mark of prostration will be visible on their faces. This is their description in the Torah and their description in the Gospel: like a seed that sends forth its shoot, then strengthens it, then grows thick and stands firmly upon its stem, delighting the sowers, so that through them He may enrage the disbelievers. Allah has promised those who believe and do righteous deeds forgiveness and a great reward.” (Surah al-Fath: 29)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : وَالَّذِينَ تَبَوَّمُوا الدَّارَ وَالْإِيْمَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ يُحِبُّوْنَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ.

“And those who were settled in the abode and in faith before them love those who emigrated to them.” (Surah al-Hashr: 9)

٣٧٥- عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ثَلَاثَ مَنْ كُنْ فِيْهِ وَجَدَ بِهِنَّ حَلَاوَةَ الْإِيْمَانِ أَنْ يُكُونَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا سِوَاهُمَا وَأَنْ يُحِبُّ الْمَرْء لا يُحِبُّهُ إِلا لِلهِ وَأَنْ يُكْرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ فِي الْكُفْرِ بَعْدَ

أَنْ أَنْقَذَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ كَمَا يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُقْذَفَ فِي النَّارِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

375. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever possesses three qualities has tasted the sweetness of faith: that Allah and His Messenger are dearer to him than anything else; that he loves a person solely for the sake of Allah; and that he hates returning to disbelief after Allah has rescued him from it just as he hates being thrown into the Fire.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

٣٧٦- عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ سَبْعَةٌ يُظِلُّهُمُ اللهُ فِي ظِلِهِ يَوْمَ لا ظل الا ظلهُ إِمَامٌ عَادِلٌ وَشَابٌ نَشَأَ فِي عِبَادَةِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَرَجُلٌ قَلْبُهُ مُعَلَّقٌ بِالْمَسَاجِدِ وَرَجُلَانِ تَحَابًا فِي

اللَّهِ اجْتَمَعًا عَلَيْهِ وَتَفَرِّقَا عَلَيْهِ وَرَجُلٌ دَعَتْهُ امْرَأَةُ ذَاتُ حُسْنٍ وَجَمَالٍ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ وَرَجُلٌ تَصَدِّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَأَخْفَاهَا حَتَّى لَا تَعْلَمَ شِمَالُهُ مَا تُنْفِقُ يَمِينُهُ وَرَجُلٌ ذَكَرَ اللَّهَ خَالِيًا فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

376. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Seven kinds of people will be sheltered by Allah under the shade of His Throne on the Day when there will be no shade except its shade: (1) a just imam or ruler; (2) a young person who grows up engaged in the worship of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic; (3) a person whose heart is attached to the mosques; (4) two people who love one another solely for Allah’s sake—they come together in friendship for Allah’s pleasure and separate for Allah’s pleasure; (5) a person invited to adultery by a beautiful woman who says, “I fear Allah”; (6) a person who gives charity so secretly that his left hand does not know what his right hand gives; and (7) a person who remembers Allah in solitude and whose eyes overflow with tears.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim cited this hadith.

۳۷۷- وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَيْنَ الْمُتَحَابُّوْنَ بِجَلالِي ؟ الْيَوْمَ أَظِلُّهُمْ فِي ظِلِى يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلَى رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ.

377. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The Almighty Allah will say on the Day of Resurrection: “Where are those who loved one another for My majesty? Today I shall shelter them under My shade, on the day when there is no shade but My shade.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۲۷۸ – وَعَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا وَلَا تُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى تَحَابُّوا أَوَلَا أَدْلُكُمْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَحَابَبْتُمْ ؟ أَفشوا السَّلَامَ بَيْنَكُمْ – رَوَاهُ مُسلِم .

378. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: By Him in Whose hand is my soul, you will not enter Paradise until you believe, and you will not believe until you love one another. Shall I not tell you of something which, if you do it, will make you love one another? Spread the greeting of peace among yourselves.

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۳۷۹- وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا زَارَ أَنَّا لَهُ فِي قَرْيَةٍ أخرى فَأَرْصَدَ اللهُ عَلَى مَدْرَجَتِهِ مَلَكًا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَحَبُّكَ كَمَا أَحْبَبْتَهُ فِيهِ – رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَقَدْ سَبَقَ بِالْبَابِ قَبْلَهُ .

379. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: A man set out to visit a Muslim brother of his in another village. Allah appointed an angel to wait for him on his way. Then he narrated the hadith up to the words: “Indeed, Allah loves you as you love so-and-so for the sake of Allah’s pleasure.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۳۸۰- عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الْأَنْصَارِ لا يُحِبُّهُمْ إِلا مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَا يُبْغِضُهُمْ إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ مَنْ احَبَّهُمْ أَحَبَّهُ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ أَبْغَضَهُمْ أَبْغَضَهُ اللَّهُ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ .

380. Narrated by al-Bara ibn Azib (may Allah be pleased with them both). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said regarding the Ansar: Only a believer loves them, and only a hypocrite hates them. Whoever loves them, Allah loves him; and whoever hates them, Allah hates him—that is, He punishes him. Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

۳۸۱- عَنْ مُعَادٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْمُتَحَابُّونَ فِي جَلَالِي لَهُمْ مَنَابِرُ مِنْ نُورٍ يَغْبِطُهُمُ النَّبِيُّونَ وَالشُّهَدَاءُ – رَوَاهُ التَّرْمِذِى وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

381. Narrated by Muadh (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: The Most Honored and Mighty Allah says: Those who love one another for My pleasure will have pulpits of light in the Hereafter, and the prophets and martyrs will envy them [ghibtah means wishing to attain another person’s good or virtue after seeing it; this kind of ghibtah is permissible].

Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith and said: It is a hasan and sahih hadith.

۳۸۲- عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ الْخَوْلَانِي رَحِمَهُ اللهُ قَالَ دَخَلْتُ مَسْجِدَ دِمَشْقَ فَإِذَا فَتًى بَرَاقُ الثَّنَايَا وَإِذَا النَّاسُ مَعَهُ فَإِذَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي شَيْ أَسْنَدُوهُ إِلَيْهِ وَصَدَرُوا عَنْ رَابِهِ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُ فَقِيلَ هَذَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ

فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ هَجَرْتُ فَوَجَدْتُهُ قَدْ سَبَقَنِي بِالتَّهْجِيرِ وَوَجَدْتُهُ يُصَلِّي فَانْتَظَرْتُهُ حَتَّى قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ ثُمَّ جِئْتُهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ وَجْهِهِ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّكَ لِلَّهِ فَقَالَ اللهِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ اللهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهِ

فَأَخَذَنِي بِحَبْوَةِ رِدَانِي فَجَبَدَنِي إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ابشِرْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَجَبَتْ مَحَبَّتِي لِلْمُتَحَابِيْنَ فِي وَالْمُتَجَالِسِيْنَ فِي وَالْمُتَزَاوِرِينَ فِي وَالْمُتَبَادَلِيْنَ فِي حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ رَوَاهُ

مَالِكٌ فِي الْمُوَطَأَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ الصَّحِيحِ ، قَوْلُهُ هَجْرَتُ أَيْ بكَرْتُ وَهُوَ بِتَشْدِيدِ الْحِيمِ قَوْلُهُ اللهِ فَقُلْتُ اللهِ الْأَوَّلُ بِهَمْزَةٍ مَمْدُودَةٍ لِلْاسْتَفْهَامِ والثاني بلا مد.

382. Narrated by Abu Idris al-Khawlani (may Allah have mercy on him). He said: I entered the mosque of Damascus and saw a young man with shining teeth, with many people gathered around him. Whenever they differed over anything, they referred it to him and acted according to his opinion. When I asked about him, I was told: “He is Muadh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him).” The next morning I went early and found that he had arrived before me. I found him praying, so I waited until he had finished his prayer. Then I came before him, greeted him, and said: “By Allah, I love you.” He asked: “For Allah’s sake?” I replied: “For Allah’s sake.” He asked again: “For Allah’s sake?” I replied: “For Allah’s sake.” Then he took hold of the edge of my cloak and pulled me toward him, saying: “Rejoice! I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say that the Almighty Allah said: My love is assured for those who love one another for My sake, sit together for My sake, visit one another for My sake, and spend their wealth for My sake.”

This is a sahih hadith. Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded it in his Muwatta with an authentic chain. Vocabulary: hajjartu means “bakkartu,” meaning to come early in the morning or to come early.

۳۸۳- عَنْ أَبِي كَرِيمَة الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ مَعْدِي كَرَبَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا أَحَبُّ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ فَلْيُخْبِرَهُ أَنَّهُ يُحِبُّهُ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالتَّرْمِذِي وَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .

383. Narrated by Abu Karima al-Miqdad ibn Madikarib (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: When a person loves his Muslim brother, he should inform him that he loves him.

Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith. Al-Tirmidhi said: It is a hasan and sahih hadith.

٣٨٤ – عَنْ مُعَادٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ وَقَالَ يَا مُعَادُ وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَحِبُّكَ ثُمَّ أَوْصِيْكَ يَا مُعَاذُ لَا تَدَعَنْ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ تَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ أَعِنِّى عَلَى ذِكْرِكَ وَشُكْرِكَ وَحُسْنِ عِبَادَتِكَ حَدِيثُ

صَحِيحٌ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنِّسَائِي بِإِسْنَادِ صَحِيح .

384. Narrated by Muadh (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) took my hand and said: “O Muadh, by Allah, I truly love you.” Then he advised me: “O Muadh, never fail to say after every prayer: ‘Allahumma ainni ala dhikrika wa shukrika wa husni ibadatik’ (O Allah, help me to remember You, give thanks to You, and worship You well).”

This is a sahih hadith. Abu Dawud and al-Nasai narrated it with an authentic chain.

٣٨٥- عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ رَجُلاً كَانَ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَمَرٌ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ هَذَا فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْلَمْتَهُ ؟ قَالَ لا قَالَ أَعْلِمُهُ فَلَحِقَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَحِبُّكَ فِي

اللَّهِ فَقَالَ أَحَبَّكَ الَّذِي أَحْبَبْتَنِي لَهُ – رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ بِإِسْنَادِ صَحِيح .

385. Narrated by Anas (may Allah be pleased with him). A man was sitting with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) when another man passed by. He said: “O Messenger of Allah, I love this man.” The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked him: “Have you informed him of that?” He said: “No.” He said: “Inform him.” So he went to him and said: “Indeed, I love you for the sake of Allah’s pleasure.” The man replied: “May He—for whose sake you love me—love you.” Abu Dawud narrated this hadith with an authentic chain.

Chapter 47 — The signs of Allah Most High’s love for a servant, encouragement to develop those signs, and striving to attain them

The signs of Allah Most High’s love for a servant, encouragement to develop those signs, and striving to attain them.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : قُلْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّونَ اللهَ فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ .

The Almighty Allah says:

“Say: If you love Allah, then follow me; Allah will love you and forgive your sins. Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Surah Al Imran: 31)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَنْ يُرْتَدَّ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِي اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ يُحِبُّهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَهُ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ يُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَلَا يَخَافُونَ لَوْمَةَ لائِم ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يُشَاءُ وَاللَّهُ

واسع عليم .

“O believers! Whoever among you turns away from his religion, Allah will soon bring forth a people whom He loves and who love Him—humble toward the believers and mighty against the disbelievers. They will strive in the way of Allah and will not fear the blame of any blamer. This is Allah’s bounty; He grants it to whomever He wills. Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing.” (Surah al-Maidah: 54)

٣٨٦ – عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ مَنْ عَادَى لِي وَلِيًّا فَقَدْ أَذَنْتُهُ بِالْحَرْبِ وَمَا تَقَرِّبَ إِلَى عَبْدِي بِشَيْءٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا افْتَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَا يَزَالُ عَبْدِي يَتَقَرُبُ

إِلَى بِالنَّوَافِلِ حَتَّى أحِبُّهُ فَإِذَا أَحْبَبْتُهُ كُنتُ سَمِعَهُ الَّذِي يَسْمَعُ بِهِ وَبَصَرَهُ الَّذِي يُبْصِرُ بِهِ وَيَدَهُ الَّتِي يَبْطِسُ بِهَا وَرِجْلَهُ الَّتِي يَمْشِي بِهَا وَإِنْ سَأَلَنِي أَعْطَيْتُهُ وَلَئِنِ اسْتَعَاذَنِي لا عِيدَنَّهُ – رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ ، مَعْنى أذَنْتُهُ أَعْلَمْتُهُ

بِأَنِّي مُحَارِبُ لَهُ وَقَوْلُهُ اسْتَعَاذَنِي رُوِيَ بِالْبَاءِ وَرُوِيَ بِالنُّوْنِ.

386. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The Almighty Allah says: Whoever shows hostility to one of My friends, I declare war against him. My servant does not draw nearer to Me with anything more beloved to Me than what I have made obligatory upon him. My servant continues drawing nearer to Me through voluntary acts until I love him. When I love him, I become the hearing with which he hears, the sight with which he sees, the hand with which he grasps, and the foot with which he walks. If he asks Me, I will surely give him; and if he seeks My protection, I will surely grant him protection.

Imam al-Bukhari narrated this hadith. ذنته. Meaning: اعلمته I inform him or declare to him that I will wage war against him. استعاذنی Meaning: He seeks protection from me.

۳۸۷- وَعَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا أَحَبُّ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْعَبْدَ نادى جبْرِيلَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ فُلَانًا فَأَحْبِبْهُ فَيُحِبُهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَيُنَادِي فِي أَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ إِنَّ اللهَ يُحِبُّ فُلانَا فَاحِبُّوْهُ فَيُحِبُّهُ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ يُوْضَعُ لَهُ

الْقَبُولُ فِي الْأَرْضِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى إِذَا أَحَبٌ عَبْدًا دَعَا جِبْرِيلَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُحِبُّ فُلَانًا فَأَحْبِبُهُ فَيُحِبُّهُ جِبْرِيلُ ثُمَّ يُنَادِي فِي السَّمَاءِ فَيَقُولُ إِنَّ اللهَ يُحِبُّ فُلَانًا

فَأَحِبُّوهُ فَيُحِبُّهُ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ يُوْضَعُ لَهُ الْقَبُولُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَإِذَا أَبْغَضَ عَبْدًا دَعَا جِبْرِيلَ فَيَقُولُ إِنِّي أَبْغِضُ فُلَانًا فَأَبْغِضُهُ فَيُبْغِضُهُ جِبْرِيلُ ثُمَّ يُنَادِى في أهْلِ السَّمَاءِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ فُلَانًا فَأَبْغِضُوهُ فَيُبْغِضُهُ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ تُوضَعُ

لَهُ الْبَغْضَاءُ فِي الْأَرْضِ .

387. Narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: When Allah Most High loves a servant, He calls Jibril (peace be upon him) and says: “Indeed, Allah loves so-and-so, so love him.” Then Jibril loves him and announces among the inhabitants of heaven: “Indeed, Allah loves so-and-so, so love him.” Then he becomes beloved on earth.

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith. Another narration by Muslim states: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: When Allah Most High loves a servant, He calls Jibril and says: “I love so-and-so, so love him.” Then Jibril loves him and announces among the inhabitants of heaven: “Allah loves so-and-so, so love him.” Then he becomes beloved on earth. And when He hates a servant, He calls Jibril and says: “I hate so-and-so, so hate him.” Then Jibril hates him and announces among the inhabitants of heaven: “Allah hates so-and-so, so hate him.” Then the inhabitants of heaven hate him, and he is made hated and disgraced on earth.

۳۸۸- عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا أَنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ رَجُلاً عَلَى سَرِيَّةٍ فَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ لِأَصْحَابِهِ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ فَيَخْتِمُ (قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ) فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا ذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ الله صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ

سَلُوهُ لِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ يَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ؟ فَسَأَلُوهُ فَقَالَ لِأَنَّهَا صِفَةُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَأَنَا أَحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْرَأَ بِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اخْبِرُوهُ أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يُحِبُّهُ – متفق عليه .

388. It is narrated from Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed a man as the commander of a small army and sent him out. During the prayers, he would recite the Qur’an for his companions and would conclude every recitation with “Say: He is Allah, One” (Surah al-Ikhlas). When they returned, they informed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about this matter. He said: “Ask him why he did this.” They asked him, and he replied, “This surah describes the attributes and glory of Allah, so I love reciting it.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Inform him that Allah, too, loves him.”

Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

Section 48: Warning against harming the righteous, the weak, and the needy

Warning against harming the righteous, the weak, and the needy.

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ بِغَيْرِ مَا اكْتَسَبُوا فَقَدِ احْتَمَلُوا بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا.

The Almighty Allah says:

“Those who harm believing men and believing women for something they have not done bear the burden of a false accusation and a manifest sin.” (Surah al-Ahzab: 58)

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى : فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلا تَقْهَرُ وَأَما السَّائِلَ فَلا تَنْهَرْ .

“Therefore, do not be harsh with the orphan, and do not rebuke the beggar.” (Surah al-Duha: 9–10)

Numerous hadiths have been narrated on this subject. Among them is the hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) in the preceding section. It states: “Whoever shows hostility toward one of My friends, I declare war against him.” Also mentioned under the section “Mulatafat al-Yatim” on this subject is the hadith narrated by Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “O Abu Baksh! If you displease them (the orphans), then you have displeased your Lord.”

۳۸۹ – عَنْ جُنْدُبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ فَهُوَ فِي ذِمَّةِ اللَّهِ فَلَا يَطْلُبَنَّكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ بِشَيْءٍ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يُطْلُبُهُ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ بِشَيْءٍ يُدْرِكْهُ ثُمَّ يَكْبُهُ عَلَى

وَجْهِهِ فِي نَارِ جهنم رواه مسلم .

389. It is narrated from Jundub ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever performs the dawn prayer has entered into Allah’s protection. So do not let Allah demand anything from you concerning His protection. For when He calls someone to account regarding His protection and finds that he has acted contrary to it, He will seize him and cast him facedown into the Fire of Hell.”

Imam Muslim narrated this hadith.

The first volume ends here